Index of Subjects

Apocalypticism, 7–8, 19, 25–26, 31, 39, 54, 56, 87–88, 111, 120, 122, 126, 128–29, 151n15, 158n21, 187n64

Apostle (film), 3–4

Aretas IV (Nabataean monarch), 119

Athletic competition, 52–53, 56

Barnabas (evangelist), 47, 49

Boasting, 53–54, 71, 176n25, 186n50

Cephas/Peter (evangelist), 46, 49, 53, 56, 58, 69, 97

Charis (grace/gift/beneficence), 11, 19, 21, 54, 88–89, 129–30, 178nn47,48

Classification, 13, 44–60, 62–63, 74–75, 135–36

Claudius (emperor), 32, 80

Collection for Jerusalem, 19–21

Disinterest, 9, 11, 156n11

Do ut des, 11, 137, 140

Economic support, early Christian, 46–50, 135, 164n20, 166n34. See also Hospitality; Travel funding

Economy of symbolic goods, 12, 15–26, 134–35, 137–38, 141, 150n10, 151n15

Egalitarianism, 36, 95–101

Epaphroditus, 22, 30, 114, 172n40, 178n45

“Equality,” proportional, 99–100

Fraud, financial, 69–70

Gaius (member of Christian assembly in Corinth), 69–71, 75, 131, 169n15, 174nn53,54

Garage sale, 41, 43–44

Gift/reciprocity: constraint and freedom, 9, 11

“free gift,” 3–5,134

gift and commodity, 13, 41–45, 54–60, 135, 164n6

gift and market exchange, 1–5, 7, 10, 15, 34, 152nn25,26

gift and social relations, 3, 10, 13, 55, 59, 61–75, 134

gift, “dark side” of, 61–62

gift, definition, 8–11, 149n38

gift-debt,17, 24–25, 30–32, 34, 38, 58, 85, 102, 111

gifts, “spiritual,” 90–95,116, 119–30, 133, 139

Godas gift-giver, 4, 11, 22–23, 54, 88–90, 115, 135, 137, 139

reciprocity, human, 1–3, 5–7, 9, 15–18, 34

reciprocity, human/divine, 4, 16, 19–26, 137–41

reciprocity, primate, 7–8

Glory (divine luminescence), 23, 128, 136. See also Honor/prestige

Glossolalia, 90, 94–95, 180nn72, 73

Graces, dance of the, 16–17, 21, 54, 72, 75, 156n8, 174n56

Gratitude, 10–11, 17, 28, 34, 138, 158n20

Harpocras (physician), 82

Harvest (gifting metaphor), 17, 20–21

Heterarchy, 14, 105–13, 131–33, 136–37

Hierarchy, sociopolitical, 36–38, 90–103, 131–33, 161n40

Honor/prestige, 12, 14, 18, 29–30, 35, 54, 59, 83, 98, 116, 119–21, 132–33, 136

Hospitality, 46–48, 55, 62–65, 71–72, 93, 101, 109, 135, 180n69

Icelandic saga, 41, 44–45

Interdisciplinary study, 5–8, 139–41

Internal/external dichotomy, 126–31

Isis (goddess), 38, 179n55, 187n61

Iulia Agrippina (mother of Nero), 32

James (brother of Jesus), 53, 56, 58, 69, 97

Jesus of Nazareth: crucifixion and resurrection, 3–4, 19, 31, 128–29, 137

divine being, 87–88, 136

gift-giver, 4, 11, 137

John (evangelist), 97

Kinship, fictive, 36, 98

Lucius (character in Apuleius’s Metamorphoses), 38

Magic, 38

Marx, Karl, 42

Maturus, Arrianus (equestrian), 84–86

Maximus, Vibius (prefect), 84–86

Methods in the study of religion, 5–6

Moses (lawgiver), 49–50

Mysteries and mystery initiations, 122, 125–26, 187nn61, 62

Nero (emperor), 32, 86, 159n29

Nerva (emperor), 82–83

Oikonomia, 2, 50, 147n6

Onesimus (slave), 23–25, 30–32, 110

Oratory, 116, 120–21, 124, 126, 129

Patronage, 34, 36–39, 46–47, 73, 77, 80–85, 89, 108–15, 131–32, 161n41, 163n65, 184n31

Paul of Tarsus: apostle, 49, 88–93, 111–12

craftsman, 33, 47, 62, 116, 160n32

economiclocation, 33, 109, 117–18

evangelist, 5

lacking prestige, 116–19, 127, 130–31, 160n32

mediator of gifts from God, 11, 38–39, 45–46, 111–12, 114–15, 135, 140

Philemon (member of early Christian assembly in Colossae), 23–25, 30–32, 36–40, 109–12

Philippi, gifts to Paul from, 22–23, 67–68, 114–15

Phoebe (member of early Christian assembly in Cenchreae), 47, 70, 112–13

Pliny the Younger, 6, 13, 81–85

Potlatch, 76–77

Priest, 50–51

Priscilla and Aquila (craftspeople), 47, 166n32

Prophet, 51–52, 89, 93–94

Religion (analytic category), 8, 11–12, 148n30, 149n41

Romanus, Voconius (equestrian), 82–84

Scipio, Publius (Roman general), 62, 169n9

Seneca the Younger, 3, 6, 12, 16–17, 27–35, 40

use of hyperbole, 35, 160n38

Status, 13, 37, 39–40, 76–78

positional and accorded status, 13, 78–80, 136–37

status, gift of, 80–89, 102–3

status inconsistency, 14, 104–5, 131–33, 137

status inversion, 14, 36, 39, 109–33

Teacher, 95

Tiberius (emperor), 32, 66

Titus (evangelist), 70, 72

Trajan (emperor), 13, 81–84, 89, 93

Travel funding (for evangelists), 47, 55–56

Wage, 46, 48, 50, 54, 68, 167nn37, 38