A Short History of Communism and the Enigma of Surplus Value

My grandfather on his Allis Chalmers WC tractor, a natural Communist

who hated Communism, is an example of Marx’s proletariat,

though nothing near in his own mind what Marx meant by the masses—

musing in his messianic beard, Marx intuited the enigma

of surplus value that my grandfather understood

from a cutter bar and threshing drum driving into the future

as the combine harvester, thus increasing the bushels

he could harvest each hour, thus increasing his hourly productivity

for each minute expended of muscle foot pound power—

but Marx didn’t foresee, exactly, that the tractor

would develop into a techno Taj Majal, complete

with safety glass cab, filtered AC, a surround sound system

that could rival Carnegie Hall or blast Led Zeppelin

at decibels that left your ears dazed, easily drowning out

the invincible tractor’s roar—and the hydraulics, so swift

you could lift the discs with a touch—and all this,

in the old man’s mind, contrasting with the tractor

he put me on to learn, a four stroke with a crank you had to turn,

cursing and turning until it shook itself and shook itself

like a drunk with the DTs, until clearing the mystification

of its hallucinated roles, the tractor refused to sing the song

of its own reification and hiccuped and lurched into the real.

I’d climb onto the iron seat with a threadbare pad

that made my ass sweat, a jug of iced tea wrapped in burlap,

a bandana knotted to keep dust out of my mouth, goggles

snapped onto my face like an ideologue’s dream so that I saw

the fields foursquare as I contour-plowed acre after acre

unfolding before me with such dialectical rigor

that the ground of being would hold still forever, never blowing

into reactions of horizon-shrouding dust whipped by the hot winds of contingency.

Such a theory Marx made to argue the enigma into sense—

and not just for himself but for the eponymous masses!

But my grandfather’s big nose and wary drinker’s eyes keep breaking through

the mask and posing an alternative enigma: what if his surplus value

led him not to solidarity with the worker but made him into a Kulak

who must be killed? So the locomotive pulls out

of the Finland Station, so the colors red and white

make uniforms for themselves: Lenin. Trotsky.

Moth-eaten Czar Nicholas. Technicolor Rasputin.

The ones who stood in front of Kresty Prison

for three hundred hours. But the colors saw them coming—

and wore the ones who wore them to rags.

But fast forward a hundred years, my grandfather dead for fifty,

and there, in a window on Fifth Avenue, the enigma

hides itself in the headless, sexless torso of a mannequin

as a fly lands on its finger, the window shattering

to a thousand windows in the lenses of its eyes.

And all the while the enigma, like the embalmed body of Lenin,

keeps on breathing through his waxworks face.