22:1ff These are not a collection of picky laws but are case studies of God’s principles in action. God was taking potential situations and showing how his laws would work in the Israelites’ everyday lives. These case studies had several objectives: (1) to protect the nation, (2) to organize the nation, and (3) to focus the nation’s attention on God. The laws listed here do not cover every possible situation but give practical examples that make it easier to decide what God wants.
22:3ff Throughout chapter 22 we find examples of the principle of restitution—making wrongs right. For example, if a man stole an animal, he had to repay double the beast’s market value. If you have done someone wrong, perhaps you should go beyond what is expected to make things right. This will (1) help ease any pain you’ve caused, (2) help the other person be more forgiving, and (3) make you more likely to think before you do it again.
22:18 Why did God’s laws speak so strongly against sorcery (Leviticus 19:31; 20:6, 27; Deuteronomy 18:10-12)? Sorcery was punishable by death because it was a crime against God himself. To invoke evil powers violated the first commandment to “have no other gods.” Sorcery was rebellion against God and his authority. In essence, it was teaming up with Satan instead of with God.
22:21 God warned the Israelites not to treat strangers unfairly because they themselves were once strangers in Egypt. It is not easy coming into a new environment where you feel alone and out of place. Are there strangers in your corner of the world? refugees? new arrivals at school? immigrants from another country? Be sensitive to their struggles, and express God’s love by your kindness and generosity.
22:22-27 The Hebrew law code is noted for its fairness and social responsibility toward the poor. God insisted that the poor and powerless be well treated and given the chance to restore their fortunes. We should reflect God’s concern for the poor by giving and by helping those less fortunate than ourselves.
22:26 Why did the law insist on returning a person’s raiment by evening? This passage speaks of cloaks, one of an Israelite’s most valuable possessions. Making clothing was difficult and time-consuming. As a result, cloaks were expensive, and most people owned only one. The cloak was used as a blanket, a sack to carry things in, a place to sit, a pledge for a debt, and, of course, clothing.
22:29 The Israelites were to be prompt in giving God their offerings and not hold anything back. The first of the harvest was to be dedicated to him. Since God doesn’t send payment overdue notices, it is easy to take care of other financial responsibilities while letting our gifts to him slide. Giving to God first out of what he has allowed you to have demonstrates that he has first priority in your life.