Appendix B

Research and Results

Here we provide research results from a quantitative outcome trial for emotion efficacy therapy.

Hypotheses and Results

H₁: An eight-week emotion regulation treatment will be effective in reducing emotion dysregulation, as measured by the DERS; increasing self-efficacy beliefs about regulating negative emotions, as measured by the MNESRES; and reducing depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms, as measured by the DASS–21.

Results and Significance of Pre- vs. Posttreatment Scores for Hypothesis 1
Variable	Univariate MANOVAs	Planned Comparison Pre vs. Post
Variable	F (1,21)	d
Hypothesis 1: Emotion Regulation
DERS	32.36***	-1.21***
MNESRES	42.17***	1.38***
DASS-Depression	5.23*	-0.49*
DASS-Anxiety	5.01*	-0.48*
DASS-Stress	19.37***	-0.94***

Note. N = 22. ^p < 0.10; * p < 0.05; ** p <0.01; *** p < 0.001

Cohen’s d: 0.2 = small; 0.5 = medium; 0.8 = large.

DERS = Difficulties with Emotion Regulation Scale.

DASS = Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale.

MNESRES = Multidimensional Negative Emotions Self-regulatory Scale.

DTS = Distress Tolerance Scale.

MEAQ = Multidimensional Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire.

H₂: An eight-week emotion regulation treatment will be effective in reducing experiential avoidance, as measured by the MEAQ; and increasing distress tolerance, as measured by the DTS.

Results and Significance of Pre- vs. Posttreatment Scores for Hypothesis 2
Variable	Univariate MANOVAs	Planned Comparison Pre vs. Post
Variable	F (1,21)	d
Hypothesis 2: Distress Tolerance and Experiential Avoidance
DTS	15.45***	1.34***
MEAQ-Total	14.47***	-0.81***
MEAQ-Behavioral Avoidance	8.53**	-0.62**
MEAQ-Distress Aversion	12.26**	-0.75**
MEAQ-Procrastination	6.90*	-0.56*
MEAQ-Distraction & Suppression	0.04	-0.04
MEAQ-Repression & Denial	8.22**	-0.61**
MEAQ-Distress Endurance	2.31	0.32