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SWALLOCKY

Rural life and weather

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Spring is here when you can

tread on nine daisies at once

on the village green

(1910)

Out in the sticks are things not dreamt of by those who remain in town:

goodman’s croft (Scotland 19C) a corner of a field left untilled, in the belief that unless some such place were left, evil would befall the crop

loggers (Wiltshire) lumps of dirt on a ploughboy’s feet

dudman (1674) a scarecrow made of old garments

icker (1513) a single ear of corn

squeaker (Newfoundland 1878) a blade of grass held upright between the thumbs and producing a shrill vibration when blown upon

cowpat roulette (Somerset 2004) a game in which villagers bet on which plot of land will be the first to receive a cow’s calling card

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FIGHTING FOR THE CLAICK

Dialects and local language identify particular aspects important to rural folk…

plud (Somerset) the swampy surface of a wet ploughed field

fleet (Somerset) the windward side of a hedge

wamflet (Aberdeenshire) the water of a mill stream, after passing the mill

chimp (Wiltshire) the grown-out shoot of a stored potato

griggles (Wiltshire) small worthless apples remaining on the tree after the crop has been gathered in

… as well as gadgets and techniques that have been developed over long years of experiment:

atchett (Devon and Cornwall) a pole slung across a stream to stop cattle passing

averruncator (1842) a long stick with shears for cutting high branches

stercoration (1605) the process of spreading manure

baggin-bill (Shropshire) an implement for reaping peas

reesome (Lincolnshire) to place peas in small heaps

claick (Scotland) the last armful of grain cut at harvest (also called the kirn-cut, mulden, or kirn-baby: it was often kept and hung by a ribbon above the fireplace; in Suffolk harvesters threw their sickles to compete to reap it)

GREEN FINGERS

On a smaller scale, gardeners always have plenty to talk about…

platiecrub (Shetland Isles) a patch of enclosed ground for growing cabbages

olitory (1658) belonging to the kitchen garden

chessom (1626) of soil; without stones or grit

pissabed (Jamaican English 1801) a dandelion (as it is a diuretic)

… and things can get pretty technical on occasion:

suckshin (Yorkshire) liquid manure

sarcle (1543) to dig up weeds with a hoe

graff (Shropshire) a spade’s depth in digging (delve is two spades’ depth)

cochel (Sussex) too much for a wheelbarrow but not enough for a cart

BOSKY

Out on the slopes beyond the hedge the trees too need careful categorizing:

maerapeldre (Anglo-Saxon) an apple-tree on a boundary

pollard (Newfoundland c.1900) a dead tree still standing

rampick (1593) a tree bare of leaves or twigs

stub-shot (Somerset) the portion of the trunk of a tree which remains when the tree is not sawn through

… and beyond that, Nature may be wilder and more magnificent still:

borstal (South English 1790) a pathway up to a steep hill

brucktummuck (Jamaican English 1943) a hill so steep that it seems to break the stomach of one who tries to climb it

UP ON THE DOWNS

Critics from abroad often claim that English weather is dreadful. But this is only one point of view; for others relish the huge variety of effects to be found in such a changeable climate. These are just those found in Sussex:

port-boys small low clouds in a clear sky

windogs white clouds blown by the wind

eddenbite a mass of cloud in the form of a loop

slatch a brief respite or interval in the weather

swallocky sultry weather

shucky unsettled weather

truggy dirty weather

egger-nogger sleet

smither diddles bright spots on either side of the sun

THE RAIN IT RAINETH EVERYDAY…

It may rain often but that’s not to say that there aren’t some happy aspects to the experience:

petrichor (1964) the pleasant smell that accompanies the first rain after a dry spell

eske (Orkney Isles) small spots of rain that precede a heavy storm

fog dog (mid 19C) the lower part of a rainbow

water-gall (Tudor–Stuart) a second rainbow seen above the first

monkey’s wedding (South African 1968) simultaneous rain and sunshine

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although its less enjoyable side is also well documented…

trashlifter (Californian slang) a heavy rain (loglifter: a really heavy rain)

duck’s frost (Sussex dialect) cold rain rather than freezing

New York rain (Hong Kong slang) the local term for water that drips annoyingly from air-conditioners onto passers-by

BLOWN AWAY

For those who live on coasts and hills, the wind has always been a constant presence:

pipple (Tudor-Stuart) to blow with a gentle sound (of the wind)

wyvel (Wiltshire) to blow as wind does round a corner or through a hole

whiffle (1662) to blow, displace or scatter with gusts of air; to flicker or flutter as if blown by the wind

not to be trifled with if you’re out on the water…

williwaw (1842) a sudden and powerful downdraught of wind (originally in the Straits of Magellan)

the dog before its master (nautical late 19C) a heavy swell preceding a gale

or a storm is imminent…

brattle (Newcastle 1815) the noise of a thunderclap

rounce robble hobble (b.1582) a representation of the tumult of thunder

heofonwoma (Anglo-Saxon) thunder and lightning, literally a terrible noise from heaven

levin (13C) a bolt of lightning

THE LIVING IS EASY

Every now and then the sun appears, and everyone goes crazy with delight:

apricate (1691) to bask in the sun

crizzles (1876) rough, sunburnt places on the face and hands in scorching weather

jack-a-dandy (Shropshire) the dancing light sometimes seen on a wall or ceiling, reflected from the sunshine on water, glass or other bright surface

king’s-weather (Scotland 19C) the exhalations seen rising from the earth during a warm day (while queen’s weather (18C) is a fine day for a fête as Queen Victoria was famous for having fine weather when she appeared in public)

SNOW ON THE LINE

While at the other end of the year the country grinds to a halt for another reason:

devil’s blanket (Newfoundland) a snowfall which hinders work or going to school

pitchen (Bristol) snow that is settling

cloggins (Cumberland) balls of snow on the feet

tewtle (Yorkshire) to snow just a few flakes

sluppra (Shetland Isles) half-melted snow

although the novelty does often rather pass after the building of the second snowman:

two thieves beating a rogue (b.1811) a man beating his hands against his sides to warm himself in cold weather (also known as beating the booby and cuffing Jonas)

to beat the goose (c.1880) to strike the hands across the chest and under the armpits to warm one’s chilled fingers (the movement supposedly resembles a goose in flight)

shrammed (Bristol) feeling really cold

WORD JOURNEYS

aftermath (16C) after mowing (i.e. the second crop of grass in autumn)

derive (14C from Latin via Old French) to draw away from the river bank

damp (14C) noxious vapour, gas; then (16C) fog, mist, depression, stupor

sky (13C from Old Norse) a cloud

aloof (nautical 16C) windward