Index

A

Adams, John, 20

Afghanistan, 31, 32

Ag-Gag laws, 62

airports, searches in, 35, 36, 141–142

al-Qaeda, 69, 71

Amazon, 79, 80, 93, 94, 102

American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), 36, 137, 144, 156–164

anonymous search engines, 89

Apple, 81, 82

iBeacon, 101

iPhone, 27, 50, 51

Australia, proposed anti-terror laws in, 30–33

automated profiling, 93

automatic tracking camera capacity, 157, 158, 161

B

Baltimore, use of video surveillance in, 113, 116

Bill of Rights, 15, 20, 34, 35, 45, 48

biometrics, 39, 120

body cameras, use of by police, 121–123, 133, 143

border searches, 35–36

Boston, use of video surveillance in, 114–118, 119–120, 121, 123

Boston Marathon bombing, 16, 26, 109–110, 117

Brown, Michael, 132, 135

Brussels airport bombings, 24, 27, 29

Bulger, James, 111

Bush, George W., 15, 51, 55

C

cell phone searches, warrants and, 41

Chicago, use of video surveillance

in, 113, 116, 156–164

China, comparative importance of privacy to citizens, 75, 76

Clinton, Hillary, 45

COINTELPRO, 38

Colvin, Andrew, 30

“consent of the governed,” 65

Consular Consolidated Database (CCD), 39

consumer tracking apps, 101–102

Counter-Terrorism Foreign Fighters Bill, 31

customer data collection, 73–84, 92–97, 98–103, 104–108, 140–141

D

Davis, Ed, 109, 111, 124

Declaration of Independence, 18, 65

Deutsche Bahn, 28

Disney Magic Band, 78

drones, 28

DuckDuckGo, 89

E

ebay, 52

Evans, Paul, 111, 112

F

Facebook, 25, 37, 79, 80–81, 82, 86, 89, 90, 92, 93, 94, 95, 100, 104, 105, 107

facial recognition software, 27, 39, 119, 120, 157, 158, 161

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 37, 38, 50, 51, 70, 93, 95

Federalists, 20

Ferguson police shooting, 121, 122, 132, 135

Fifth Amendment, 21

First Amendment, 20, 34, 63

Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA), 69, 138

Fourth Amendment, 14, 21, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 47–48, 63

France, comparative importance of privacy, 28

Franklin, Benjamin, 22, 46

Freedom of Information Act, 38

free software, 136

G

Garner, Eric, 122, 132, 135

George III, King, 34, 64

Germany, comparative importance of privacy to citizens, 28, 75, 76

Global Positioning System (GPS), 26, 152

Global Surveillance Disclosures, 14

Google, 37, 38, 79, 86, 89, 90, 92, 93, 94, 100, 104, 105, 107

Nest thermostat, 74, 99

Now, 78

Street View, 25

Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ), 92, 96, 97

graffiti, 28

Graham, Lindsey, 44, 45

H

hacking, 25, 26, 27, 29, 37, 81, 100

Harrison, Sarah, 88

Headley, David Coleman, 71

Health Information Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA), 42

Heritage Action scores, 44–45

Hobbes, Thomas, 147, 151

Home Depot, 74, 102

I

India, comparative importance of privacy to citizens, 75, 76

Intelligent Operations Center, 119–120

Internet of Things, criticism of, 98–103

internment, 22

Iraq, 31, 32, 33

Irish Republican Army, 111

Irvine, David, 30

J

Jay, John, 18

Jefferson, Thomas, 20, 21, 65

journalists, surveillance of, 61, 62, 137, 144

K

Kant, Immanuel, 146, 149, 150, 151, 152

Korean War, 20

L

Lawrence, Stephen, 26, 28

London

extensive surveillance network in, 16, 111, 112

transit attacks of 2005, 111

London Metropolitan Police Special Demonstration Squad (SDS), 26, 28, 29

“lone wolf” terrorist attacks, 31

M

Madison, James, 45, 36, 61, 65

Massachusetts State Police, use of facial recognition software, 119, 120

mass surveillance

benefits of, 125–131

and moral choices, 145–155

mass transit, smart cards and, 142

McCain, John, 44, 45

medical records, NSA access to, 42

Medtronic blood-glucose meter, 74

metadata, 15, 30, 69, 70, 93, 104

Microsoft, 38, 95

military tribunals, 22

Moalin, Basaaly, 70

Mossack Fonseca law firm leak, 28

Mumbai 2008 terrorist attacks, 71

N

National Security Agency (NSA), 14, 15, 16, 34, 37, 43, 60, 61, 62, 63, 89, 93, 95, 105

access to medical records, 42

email monitoring, 54, 55, 56, 57, 64, 69

internet activity monitoring, 56, 57

and mass intelligence gathering/ aggregation, 39–41, 47–48, 51, 50–53, 56, 68, 71, 86, 88, 92, 96, 104, 138, 140

phone monitoring, 54, 55, 56, 57, 64, 69, 70, 137, 143

navigation devices, 142

NERDY, 90

no-fly list, 41, 141

Non-Obvious Relationship Awareness (NORA) software, 40

O

Obama, Barack, 15, 45, 52, 55, 68, 121, 133

off the record (OTR) chat message apps, 89

Operation Socialist, 96

“Operation Virtual Shield,” 157

P

pandemics, 128–129

Pandora, 83

pan-tilt-zoom camera capacity, 157, 158, 160

Paris November 2015 terrorist attacks, 24, 29, 50

Patriot Act, 15, 51, 69, 143

Paul, Rand, 44, 45

Poitras, Laura, 36

police, killing of black men by, 121, 122, 132, 135

misuse of surveillance by police forces, 158–159

use of surveillance to monitor police forces, 121–123, 132–135, 143

Police and Crime Standards Directorate, 111

PRISM, 92, 93, 96, 140

Privacy International, 93, 94, 97

probable cause, 37

Project on Government Oversight (POGO), 38

R

rational offender theory, 118

Republica conference, 86, 87, 88

S

Safe Harbor, 94

Samsung Galaxy V, 78

San Bernardino shooting, 24, 27, 50, 51

SECUR-ED, 25

security breaches, retailers and, 52, 74

Sedition Act, 20, 22

separation of powers, in US government, 19–20, 41

September 11 terrorist attacks, 15, 34, 40, 43, 54, 69, 70, 71

Snowden, Edward, 14, 15, 16, 25, 27, 28, 34–35, 36, 42, 43, 50, 52, 53, 60, 64, 68, 86, 88, 89, 90, 92, 96, 137

sources, government forcing journalists to reveal, 61

Startpage, 89

subpoenas, as warrantless searches, 37–38

Syria, 31, 32, 33

T

Target, 52, 74

Telegram message app, 89

terrorism, 15, 22, 24, 26, 27, 29, 31–32, 50, 51, 54, 55, 56, 68, 69, 110, 111, 129, 137

surveillance as ineffective in preventing, 69–71

Threema message app, 89

traffic enforcement cameras, 117, 141, 148, 163

Truman, Harry, 20

Tsarnaev, Dzhokhar, 110

Tsarnaev, Tamerlan, 110

U

Uber, 74

United Kingdom

comparative importance of privacy to citizens, 75, 76

extensive video surveillance network in, 16, 111, 112

United States, comparative importance of privacy to citizens, 75, 76

US Constitution, 14, 18, 19, 20, 34, 36, 41, 45, 64, 65

US Customs and Border Protection (CBP), 36

US Department of Homeland Security (DHS), 35, 116

US Department of Justice, 36–38, 62

US Department of State, 39

US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), 38

US Supreme Court, 35, 37, 41

V

Verizon, 56

Vodafone, 94, 95

W

Washington, DC, use of video surveillance in, 113

whistleblowers, 25, 28, 34, 38, 62, 88, 136, 137, 138, 143

Wikileaks, 36, 88

Wilson, Darren, 132

Worcester, use of video surveillance in, 120–120

Wordsworth, William, 149, 154

World War II, 22, 128

Y

Yahoo, 38, 79

Youth@EuroDig 2014, 90