1952 DYLAN THOMAS Do not go gentle into that good night

Do not go gentle into that good night,

Old age should burn and rave at close of day;

Rage, rage against the dying of the light.

Though wise men at their end know dark is right,

Because their words had forked no lightning they

Do not go gentle into that good night.

Good men, the last wave by, crying how bright

Their frail deeds might have danced in a green bay,

Rage, rage against the dying of the light.

Wild men who caught and sang the sun in flight,

And learn, too late, they grieved it on its way.

Do not go gentle into that good night.

Grave men, near death, who see with blinding sight

Blind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay,

Rage, rage against the dying of the light.

And you, my father, there on the sad height,

Curse, bless, me now with your fierce tears, I pray.

Do not go gentle into that good night.

Rage, rage against the dying of the light.

W. H. AUDEN The Fall of Rome

The piers are pummelled by the waves;

In a lonely field the rain

Lashes an abandoned train;

Outlaws fill the mountain caves.

Fantastic grow the evening gowns;

Agents of the Fisc pursue

Absconding tax-defaulters through

The sewers of provincial towns.

Private rites of magic send

The temple prostitutes to sleep;

All the literati keep

An imaginary friend.

Cerebrotonic Cato may

Extoll the Ancient Disciplines,

But the muscle-bound Marines

Mutiny for food and pay.

Caesar’s double-bed is warm

As an unimportant clerk

Writes I DO NOT LIKE MY WORK

On a pink official form.

Unendowed with wealth or pity,

Little birds with scarlet legs,

Sitting on their speckled eggs,

Eye each flu-infected city.

Altogether elsewhere, vast

Herds of reindeer move across

Miles and miles of golden moss,

Silently and very fast.

W. H. AUDEN The Shield of Achilles

She looked over his shoulder

For vines and olive trees,

Marble well-governed cities,

And ships upon untamed seas,

But there on the shining metal

His hands had put instead

An artificial wilderness

And a sky like lead.

A plain without a feature, bare and brown,

No blade of grass, no sign of neighborhood,

Nothing to eat and nowhere to sit down,

Yet, congregated on its blankness, stood

An unintelligible multitude,

A million eyes, a million boots in line,

Without expression, waiting for a sign.

Out of the air a voice without a face

Proved by statistics that some cause was just

In tones as dry and level as the place:

No one was cheered and nothing was discussed;

Column by column in a cloud of dust

They marched away enduring a belief

Whose logic brought them, somewhere else, to grief.

She looked over his shoulder

For ritual pieties,

White flower-garlanded heifers,

Libation and sacrifice,

But there on the shining metal

Where the altar should have been,

She saw by his flickering forge-light

Quite another scene.

Barbed wire enclosed an arbitrary spot

Where bored officials lounged (one cracked a joke)

And sentries sweated, for the day was hot:

A crowd of ordinary decent folk

Watched from without and neither moved nor spoke

As three pale figures were led forth and bound

To three posts driven upright in the ground.

The mass and majesty of this world, all

That carries weight and always weighs the same,

Lay in the hands of others; they were small

And could not hope for help and no help came:

What their foes liked to do was done, their shame

Was all the worst could wish; they lost their pride

And died as men before their bodies died.

She looked over his shoulder

For athletes at their games,

Men and women in a dance

Moving their sweet limbs

Quick, quick, to music,

But there on the shining shield

His hands had set no dancing-floor

But a weed-choked field.

A ragged urchin, aimless and alone,

Loitered about that vacancy; a bird

Flew up to safety from his well-aimed stone:

That girls are raped, that two boys knife a third,

Were axioms to him, who’d never heard

Of any world where promises were kept

Or one could weep because another wept.

The thin-lipped armorer,

Hephaestos, hobbled away;

Thetis of the shining breasts

Cried out in dismay

At what the god had wrought

To please her son, the strong

Iron-hearted man-slaying Achilles

Who would not live long.

JOHN BETJEMAN Devonshire Street W.1 1954

The heavy mahogany door with its wrought-iron screen

Shuts. And the sound is rich, sympathetic, discreet.

The sun still shines on this eighteenth-century scene

With Edwardian faience adornments – Devonshire Street.

No hope. And the X-ray photographs under his arm

Confirm the message. His wife stands timidly by.

The opposite brick-built house looks lofty and calm

Its chimneys steady against a mackerel sky.

No hope. And the iron knob of this palisade

So cold to the touch, is luckier now than he

‘Oh merciless, hurrying Londoners! Why was I made

For the long and the painful deathbed coming to me?’

She puts her fingers in his as, loving and silly,

At long-past Kensington dances she used to do

‘It’s cheaper to take the tube to Piccadilly

And then we can catch a nineteen or a twenty-two.’

ROBERT GARIOCH Elegy

They are lang deid, folk that I used to ken,

their firm-set lips aa mowdert and agley,

sherp-tempert een rusty amang the cley:

they are baith deid, thae wycelike, bienlie men,

 

5

heidmaisters, that had been in pouer for ten

or twenty year afore fate’s taiglie wey

brocht me, a young, weill-harnit, blate and fey

new-cleckit dominie, intill their den.

 

Ane tellt me it was time I learnt to write –

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round-haund, he meant – and saw about my hair:

I mind of him, beld-heidit, wi a kyte.

 

Ane sneerit quarterly – I cuidna square

my savings bank – and sniftert in his spite.

Weill, gin they arena deid, it’s time they were.

THOM GUNN The Wound

The huge wound in my head began to heal

About the beginning of the seventh week.

Its valleys darkened, its villages became still:

For joy I did not move and dared not speak,

Not doctors would cure it, but time, its patient skill.

And constantly my mind returned to Troy.

After I sailed the seas I fought in turn

On both sides, sharing even Helen’s joy

Of place, and growing up – to see Troy burn –

As Neoptolemus, that stubborn boy.

I lay and rested as prescription said.

Manoeuvered with the Greeks, or sallied out

Each day with Hector. Finally my bed

Became Achilles’ tent, to which the lout

Thersites came reporting numbers dead.

I was myself: subject to no man’s breath:

My own commander was my enemy.

And while my belt hung up, sword in the sheath,

Thersites shambled in and breathlessly

Cackled about my friend Patroclus’ death.

I called for armour, rose, and did not reel.

But, when I thought, rage at his noble pain

Flew to my head, and turning I could feel

My wound break open wide. Over again

I had to let those storm-lit valleys heal.

PHILIP LARKIN At Grass

The eye can hardly pick them out

From the cold shade they shelter in,

Till wind distresses tail and mane;

Then one crops grass, and moves about

– The other seeming to look on –

And stands anonymous again.

Yet fifteen years ago, perhaps

Two dozen distances sufficed

To fable them: faint afternoons

Of Cups and Stakes and Handicaps,

Whereby their names were artificed

To inlay faded, classic Junes –

Silks at the start: against the sky

Numbers and parasols: outside,

Squadrons of empty cars, and heat,

And littered grass: then the long cry

Hanging unhushed till it subside

To stop-press columns on the street.

Do memories plague their ears like flies?

They shake their heads. Dusk brims the shadows.

Summer by summer all stole away,

The starting-gates, the crowds and cries –

All but the unmolesting meadows.

Almanacked, their names live; they

Have slipped their names, and stand at ease,

Or gallop for what must be joy,

And not a fieldglass sees them home,

Or curious stop-watch prophesies:

Only the groom, and the groom’s boy,

With bridles in the evening come.

1955 NORMAN MACCAIG Summer Farm

Straws like tame lightnings lie about the grass

And hang zigzag on hedges. Green as glass

The water in the horse-trough shines.

Nine ducks go wobbling by in two straight lines.

A hen stares at nothing with one eye,

Then picks it up. Out of an empty sky

A swallow falls and, flickering through

The barn, dives up again into the dizzy blue.

I lie, not thinking, in the cool, soft grass,

Afraid of where a thought might take me – as

This grasshopper with plated face

Unfolds his legs and finds himself in space.

Self under self, a pile of selves I stand

Threaded on time, and with metaphysic hand

Lift the farm like a lid and see

Farm within farm, and in the centre, me.

EDWIN MUIR The Horses 1956

Barely a twelvemonth after

The seven days war that put the world to sleep,

Late in the evening the strange horses came.

By then we had made our covenant with silence,

But in the first few days it was so still

We listened to our breathing and were afraid.

On the second day

The radios failed; we turned the knobs; no answer.

On the third day a warship passed us, heading north,

Dead bodies piled on the deck. On the sixth day

A plane plunged over us into the sea. Thereafter

Nothing. The radios dumb;

And still they stand in corners of our kitchens,

And stand, perhaps, turned on, in a million rooms

All over the world. But now if they should speak,

If on a sudden they should speak again,

If on the stroke of noon a voice should speak,

We would not listen, we would not let it bring

That old bad world that swallowed its children quick

At one great gulp. We would not have it again.

Sometimes we think of the nations lying asleep,

Curled blindly in impenetrable sorrow,

And then the thought confounds us with its strangeness.

The tractors lie about our fields; at evening

They look like dank sea-monsters couched and waiting.

We leave them where they are and let them rust:

‘They’ll moulder away and be like other loam’.

We make our oxen drag our rusty ploughs,

Long laid aside. We have gone back

Far past our fathers’ land.

And then, that evening Late in the summer the strange horses came.

We heard a distant tapping on the road,

A deepening drumming; it stopped, went on again

And at the corner changed to hollow thunder.

We saw the heads

Like a wild wave charging and were afraid.

We had sold our horses in our fathers’ time

To buy new tractors. Now they were strange to us

As fabulous steeds set on an ancient shield

Or illustrations in a book of knights.

We did not dare go near them. Yet they waited,

Stubborn and shy, as if they had been sent

By an old command to find our whereabouts

And that long-lost archaic companionship.

In the first moment we had never a thought

That they were creatures to be owned and used.

Among them were some half-a-dozen colts

Dropped in some wilderness of the broken world,

Yet new as if they had come from their own Eden.

Since then they have pulled our ploughs and borne our loads

But that free servitude still can pierce our hearts.

Our life is changed; their coming our beginning.

1957 TED HUGHES The Thought-Fox

I imagine this midnight moment’s forest:

Something else is alive

Beside the clock’s loneliness

And this blank page where my fingers move.

Through the window I see no star:

Something more near

Though deeper within darkness

Is entering the loneliness:

Cold, delicately as the dark snow

A fox’s nose touches twig, leaf;

Two eyes serve a movement, that now

And again now, and now, and now

Sets neat prints into the snow

Between trees, and warily a lame

Shadow lags by stump and in hollow

Of a body that is bold to come

Across clearings, an eye,

A widening deepening greenness,

Brilliantly, concentratedly,

Coming about its own business

Till, with a sudden sharp hot stink of fox

It enters the dark hole of the head.

The window is starless still; the clock ticks,

The page is printed.

LOUIS MACNEICE House on a Cliff

Indoors the tang of a tiny oil lamp. Outdoors

The winking signal on the waste of sea.

Indoors the sound of the wind. Outdoors the wind.

Indoors the locked heart and the lost key.

Outdoors the chill, the void, the siren. Indoors

The strong man pained to find his red blood cools,

While the blind clock grows louder, faster. Outdoors

The silent moon, the garrulous tides she rules.

Indoors ancestral curse-cum-blessing. Outdoors

The empty bowl of heaven, the empty deep.

Indoors a purposeful man who talks at cross

Purposes, to himself, in a broken sleep.

STEVIE SMITH Not Waving But Drowning

Nobody heard him, the dead man,

But still he lay moaning:

I was much further out than you thought

And not waving but drowning.