What exactly is software architecture? You probably have your own ideas about what it is, based on your knowledge and experiences. Certainly, there are plenty of definitions out there. If you do an online search or ask various friends and colleagues, you will get varying answers. The definition is somewhat subjective and influenced by the viewpoints and perceptions of the individual who is providing the definition. However, there are some core concepts that are essential to software architecture, and before we delve into deeper topics, establishing a common understanding of what software architecture entails is imperative.
Using the word architecture for software originated from similarities with the construction industry. When the term was first used, the Waterfall software development methodology was common and it dictated that large, up-front designs needed to be completed before any code was written. Similar to the architecture of a building, which necessitates a lot of planning before construction takes place, so it was with software as well.
In modern software design, the relationship between the construction and software industries is no longer as close. Software methodologies now focus on developing software applications that are highly adaptable and can be changed easily over time, resulting in less of a need for rigid, upfront planning. However, software architecture still consists of early design decisions that can be difficult to change later.