³⁰ Rudolf Steiner (1861–1925), founder of Anthroposophy. He was educated at Vienna University and worked for several years on an edition of Goethe. In 1902 he became the leader of the German section of the Theosophical Society. He later rejected the eastern associations of the society and in 1913 founded the Anthroposophical Society as an independent association. His aim was to develop the faculty of spirit cognition inherent in ordinary people and to put them in touch with the spiritual world from which materialism had caused them to be estranged. His works include The Bible and Wisdom (1923), Anthroposophy and the Social Question[1933] and Cosmic Christianity and the Impulse of Michael: Karma in the Life of Individuals and in the Evolution of the World (1953). Anthroposophy was condemned by the Catholic Church in 1919.