Prologue

On May 10, 1910, in Yukon, Pennsylvania, a crowd of striking miners, who were protesting a 16 percent cut in their piecework wages, began making fun of twenty-five sheriff’s deputies who were searching their boardinghouse. The deputies opened fire on the crowd, killing one and wounding thirty. That same month, some of the striking miners got too close to coal company property and twenty sheriff’s deputies and state policemen attacked and severely beat them, killing one miner who was trying to protect a child in his arms. On July 28, a worker picketing against the American Sugar Refining Company in Brooklyn, New York, was shot multiple times by the police. During the garment workers’ strike in Chicago against Hart Schaffner Marx in December, two strikers were shot by private detectives. Everywhere that people rose to right the balance, the forces of “law and order” rose to reset the balance back. Laws designed for completely different problems were applied to stop labor. Workers walking together on a public road after a union meeting could be put in jail for “contempt” or forced to pay a fine equal to a month’s wages. Labor organizers or people identified as “ringleaders” were savagely beaten and tortured by deputized private detectives or the police. Who do you turn to for protection if it’s the police who are attacking you?