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Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations
Aa, Pieter van der 14-15
Adam, W. Marsham 17
Afonso V, King 52-53
Livingstone and Stanley 216-19
Portuguese exploration of African tropics 13, 48-51, 52
Vasco da Gama 66-68
Age of Discovery 48-9, 71, 169
Aguiar, Jorge 69
Ailly, Pierre d’ 53
Alexander the Great 12, 18, 20, 21-2
Alfonso V, King 50
Ali, King of Ludamar 176
North America 58-63, 76-81, 88-93, 168-73, 185
South America 178-83
Vikings discover 34-7
Amundsen, Roald 16, 232-7, 233
Andagoya, Pascual de 95
Anna, Empress 146
Scott and Amundsen’s race to the South Pole 234-7
Shackleton’s expedition to 238-45
Arctic
Sir John Franklin 200-5
William Edward Parry 190-5
see also North Pole; Northwest Passage
Aristotle 22
Arrowsmith, Aaron 184
Atahualpa 99
Ataíde, Vasco de 72
Atlantic Ocean 29, 49, 52-7, 60, 71, 72-3
Austin, Horatio 201
Abel Tasman 135
Burke and Wills’s crossing of 220-3
European discovery of 124-31
William Dampier 136-9
Baffin Island 35
Balboa, Vasco Núñez de 84, 89, 95
Banks, Joseph 156, 158, 159, 175
Barentsz, Willem 114-17
Beaufoy, Henry 175
Bedolina Petroglyph 9-10
Beechey, Frederick 194
Beekman, Daniel 16
Belalcázar, Sebastián de 99
Bellin, Jacques Nicholas 147
Bennett, James Gordon 218
Bent, Silas 230
Bering, Vitus Jonassen 14, 142-7, 225
Bering Strait 160, 192, 200, 225, 227, 234
Berrio, Antonio de 121-2
Bett, John 11
Bird, Isabella 214
Birú 95
al-Biruni, Abu Rayhan 32-3
Bishop, John 214
Bjørnøya (Bear Island) 116, 116
Blaeu, Joan 54-5
Blaeu, Willem 71, 129, 130-1, 212-13
Blaine, Thomas 216
Boazio, Giovanni Battista 101
Bodmer, Karl 187
Bolts, William 162
Bonne, Rigobert 154
Bonpland, Aimé 16, 178-83, 182
Bonsignori, Stefano 224
Book of Curiosities 28
Booth, Felix 198
Bougainville, Louis-Antoine de 14, 148-55
Brahe, William 222-3
Brasil 60
Brazil 70-5
British East India Company 14, 126
Brouwer, Hendrik 126
Buache, Philippe 142
Burke, Robert O’Hara 220-3, 221, 224, 226
Cabot, Sebastian 95
Cabral, Pedro Álvares 70-5
Canada 35
Arctic Archipelago 190-5
Cantino, Alberto 64-5
Cape of Good Hope 51, 65, 67, 87, 107, 139
caravels 49-50
Cartagena, Juan de 84
Castries, Marquis de 162
Catalan Atlas 38-9
Catania, Dr Ken 178
Cavallini, Battista 10
Cellarius, Andreas 247
César, Francisco 95
Charbonneau, Toussaint 187
Charles I, King 82
Charles V, King of Spain 76, 90-1, 98-9
Chelyuskin, Semyon 225
Chen Zuyi 46
Cherry-Garrard, Apsley 236
Christopher Columbus 13, 54, 57
Matteo Ricci 108-13
Zheng He 44-7
Church, Frederic Edwin 178
Cigüayos tribe 57
Clerke, Charles 160
Clouet, Jean Baptiste Louis 150-1
Codex Quetzalecatzin 98
Coelho, Gonçalo 73
Coelho, Nicolau 73
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor 136
Columbus, Christopher 9, 45, 63, 78, 156
1st voyage 13, 49, 52-7, 59, 65, 66, 68, 198
letter from John Day 60-1
Columbus, Diego 77-8
Commerçon, Philibert 152-5
Condon, Margaret 58
Cook, Dr Frederick A. 230-1, 231, 234, 237, 246
Cook, Captain James 150-1, 158, 162-3
Pacific and Southern Oceans 14, 156-61, 175
Coronelli, Vincenzo 113
Corps of Discovery 185-9
Cranach, Lucas 80-1
Crocker, George 231
Croker, John Wilson 192
Crozier, Francis 200, 201, 204
da Silva, Oscar Pereira 72
da Verrazzano, Giovanni 88-93, 90
Dagelet, Joseph Lepaute 162
dal Pozzo Toscanelli, Paolo 52-3
Dampier, William 136-41, 136, 143
David, Edgeworth 239
Davis, Irving 36
de’Conti, Niccolò 47
De Jode, Cornelis 61, 110, 128
De Long, George Washington 229
Dee, John 197
Defoe, Daniel 141
Desceliers, Pierre 102-3
Diemen, Anthony Van 133
Dillon, Peter 167
Diodorus 18
Doughty, Thomas 105
Drake, Sir Francis 13-14, 84, 100-7, 115, 137, 164
Dufferin, Lady 206
Dutch East India Company (VOC) 14, 117, 124, 126-31, 133-5
Eannes, Gil 49
Edward VII, King 240
Egypt, Ancient 11-12, 18, 19-21
Elcano, Juan Sebastián 86
Elizabeth I, Queen 100, 104, 105, 115, 121-2, 123
Elmina 50
The Endurance 238-45, 245, 246
Entrecasteaux, Joseph-Antoine d’ 165-6
Erikson, Leif 35-6
Erikson, Thorvald 36
Escalante Fontaneda, Hernando de 79
Eurasia, circumnavigation of 224-7
Eytzinger, Micha’l 124
Fabyan, Robert 63
Faleiro, Rui 82
Fatouma, Amadi 177
female travellers 153-5, 206-15
Fer, Nicolas de 165
Ferdinand II, King of Aragon 54, 56, 66, 76, 77
Ferrara, Duke of 65
Finé, Oronce 76
Fisher, George 139
Fitzjames, James 200, 201, 204
Fletcher, Francis 105
Franklin, Lady 202-3
Franklin, Sir John 16, 199, 200-5, 200, 218
Freedman, Paul 37
Fries, Lorenz 40
Frobisher, Sir Martin 115, 118, 229
Furneaux, Tobias 159
Gama, Vasco da 13, 45, 52, 64-9, 71
Gastaldi, Giacomo 42
Genghis Khan 38-40
Gerritsz, Hessel 129
Gilsemans, Isaack 133
Giovanni de’ Marignolli 43
Giovanni da Pian del Carpine 42
Gnupsson, Eric 38
Golden Hind (ex-Pelican) 104-7
Gomes, Estêvão 84
Gomes, Fernão 50
Goos, Pieter 135
Graff, Johann 208
Gray, Charles 222
Great Wall of China 43
Gregory X 41
Guam 85
Guanahani 57
Gulf Stream 79
Hakluyt, Richard 106
Halley, Edmond 150-1, 196-7, 198
Harrison, John 160
Hatton, Lord Chancellor Christopher 105
Helluland 35
Henry the Navigator 48, 49-50, 66
Henry II King of France 102
Henson, Matthew 231
Herbert, Wally 246
Herjólfsson, Bjarni 35
Hernández, Francisco 100
Herrera y Tordesillas, Antonio de 78-9
Hobson, William 203
Homem, Diogo 96
Homem, Lopo 70
Hooker, Joseph Dalton 199
Hore, Annie 214
Houghton, Major Daniel 176
Howitt, Alfred William 223
Hudson, Henry 117-19
Hulsius, Levinus 107
Humabon, Rajah 85-6
Humboldt, Alexander von 16, 178-83, 185
Humphreys, Captain 196
Hurley, Frank 239-40
Ibn Khordadbeh 29-30
ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi, Muhammad 29
al-Idrisi, Al-Sharif 29
al-Idrisi, Muhammad 30-1
Inca 99
Indian ocean 29
Isabel, Queen 98
Isabella I, Queen of Castile 54, 56, 66, 76
Islam 12
Islamic geographers 28-33
Jackson, Frederick 230
Jaillot, Alexis-Hubert 212-13
James VI, King 122-3
Jansson, Jan (Johannes Janssonius) 119, 126-7, 129
Jefferson, Thomas 16, 183, 185-7
Jenner, Edward 211
Jerez, Rodrigo de 57
Jesuit missionaries 108-13
Johansen, Hjalmar 230
Johnston, W & A. K. 220
Jones, Dr Evan T. 58
Kamchatka Peninsula 146, 147, 164
Karlsefini, Thorfinn 36
Kennedy, Edmund 221
Keymis, Lawrence 123
Khutulun, Princess 41
King, John 222-3
King, Nicholas 186
King William Island 203-5, 233
Kneller, Godfrey 210
Ku Yin-hsiang 47
Kublai 41
La Giraudais, François Chenard de 154
La Martinière, Joseph 162
La Pérouse, Count Jean-François de Galaup de 14, 149, 162-7
La Tour, Louis Brion de 156-7
Labrador 35
Lamanon, Robert de 162
Landells, William 221
L’Anse aux Meadows 36
Lapu Lapu 86
Le Maire, Jacques 135
Ledyard, John 176
Leichhardt, Ludwig 221
León, Juan Ponce de 13
Li Zhizao 111
Linnaeus, Carl 209
Linschoten, Jan Huyghen van 118
L’Isle, Guillaume de 142
Livingstone, David 215-20, 226
Luque, Hernando de 97
McClintock, Leopold 203
Magellan, Ferdinand (Fernão de Magalhães) 13, 82-7, 88-9, 94, 104, 150-1, 156
Maggiolo, Vesconte 88-9
Maggiolo Portolan 11
Magnetic Poles 191, 196-9, 233
Manuel I, King 66, 68, 70, 71-3
Mao Kun map 44
Mariana Islands 85
‘Markland’ 36
al-Mas’udi, Abu l-Hasan 32
Matthew 60-3
Mawson, Douglas 238-40, 240, 241
Mediterranean Sea 29
Mendoza, Luis 84
Mercator, Rumold 23, 86, 114, 157, 158, 197
Merian, Dorothea 209
Merian, Maria Sibylla 207-10
Merian, Matthäus 58-9, 207-8, 207, 209
Mexico 90
Miller Atlas 70
Moffat, Mary 217-8
Monneron, Paul 163
Montagu, Sir Edward Wortley 210-11
Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley 210-11, 210
Montmorency, Duc de 103
Moore, Thomas 202
Morse, Charles 202
Muhammad 28
Münster, Sebastian 12-13, 12, 92
Nansen, Fridtjof 228, 229-30, 229, 234
Napoleon 185
Necho II 20-1
Neckam, Alexander 197
Needham, Joseph 45
New Zealand 129, 132-5, 158, 159
Newfoundland 13, 36, 61, 63, 90, 148
Niger River 175-7
Nile River 12, 19-20, 24, 218-9
Ninnis, Belgrave 239
Nootka Sound 171
Nordenskiöld, Adolf Erik 224-7, 225
North Africa 174-7
North America 58-63, 88-93, 185
James Clark-Ross 198-9
race to the 16, 228-31, 234, 246
Captain Cook 160-1
Willem Barentsz and Henry Hudson 114-119
Nuel, Edouard 163
Odonais, Isabel Godin des 211
Odoric of Pordenone 42-3
Omai 160
Omelchenko, Anton 235
Otto, bishop of Freising 121
Ovando, Nicolás de 77
Oviedo y Valdés, Gonzalo de 78, 79
Lewis and Clark 184-9
padrões 50-1
Pamlico Sound 92
Parker, John 211
Parker, Mary Ann 211
Parkinson, Sydney 156
Parry, William Edward 16, 190-5, 192, 200, 203
Pasqualigo, Lorenzo 63
Pearce, Stephen 198
Peary, Robert 228, 231, 231, 234, 237, 246
Perry, Matthew 224
Peru 82-3, 94-9, 138, 182-3, 211
Petermann, August 229
Petrini, Paolo 174
The Philippines 85-6
Pigafetta, Antonio 82, 84-6, 89, 104
Pineda, Alonso Álvarez de 90
Pinzón, Martín Alonso 56
Pizarro, Gonzalo 96
Plancius, Petrus 66
planispheres 14-15, 65, 66, 88-9, 102-3
Planudes, Maximus 27
Polo family 44
Polo, Maffeo 40–1
Polo, Marco 13, 38-43, 47, 52, 57, 59
Polo, Niccolò 40-1
Polynesian wayfinders 11
Ponce de León, Juan 76-81, 89-90
Popham, George 121
portolan charts 38-9, 69, 82-3, 88-9
Portuguese exploration 101, 109
African tropics 48-51, 52, 121
Pedro Cabral 70-5
Priuli, Girolamo 68
Prochaska, Alice 37
Ptolemy, Claudius 12, 21, 22, 85
Purchas, Samuel 112
Quast, Matthijs 133
Quesada, Gaspar de 84
Rae, John 203
Ralegh, Sir Walter 14, 120-3, 121, 122, 156, 181
Ralegh, Wat 123
Rasmussen, Jens Erik Carl 35
Raudi, Eirik (Erik the Red) 34-5
Reis, Piri 33
Rennell, James 175
Richardson, John 202
Romainville, Charles Routier de 152
Roman Empire 12
Rosen, Georg Von 225
Ross, James Clark 196-9, 200-202, 203, 238
Ross, John 16, 190-1, 192, 198, 201-2, 233
Ruddock, Alwyn 58
Ruffault, Hieronymus 82-3
Ruggieri, Michele 110
Ruiz, Bartolomé 97
Rustichello da Pisa 39-40, 42-3
Ruysch, Johannes 62
Sacagawea 187-9
Saint-Germain, Louis-Antoine Starot de 152
Salazar, Lope Garcia de 60
Santa Cruz, Alonso de 90-1
Sataspes 21
Schouten, Willem Corneliszoon 135
Scott, Captain Robert Falcon 234-9, 234, 237
Scylax of Caryanda 21
The Sea Torch 14
Selden map 47
Selkirk, Alexander 140-1
Shackleton, Ernest 234-5, 238-45, 238, 244, 246
Sharp, Captain Bartholomew 137
Sheldon, May French 214, 214, 215
Shen Du 46
Shoshone people 187-8
Siberia 142-7
Siculus 18
Solís, Juan Díaz de 95
Soto, Hernando de 78
South America 178-83
South Pole 16, 199, 234-7, 238
Spanish exploration
El Dorado 121-2
Magellan 82-7
Sir Francis Drake 100-1, 104-6
Francisco Pizzarro 95-9
Spanish Main 100-1
Speke, John Hanning 219
Stanley, Henry Morton 218-220, 219
Strahlenberg, Philipp 226
Strait of Magellan 84, 86, 100, 105-6, 149, 156
Strutt, William 221
Stuart, John McDouall 221-2
Suetonius Paulinus 24
Swan, Charles 138
Tabula Peutingeriana 24
Tasman, Abel Janszoon 129, 132-5, 150-1, 158
Tasmania 134
Teixeira, Luís 66
Tenochtitlán 90-1
Terra Australis 133, 139, 157-60, 158, 175
Thomson, James 48
Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) 66, 82
Los Trece de la fama 98
Triana, Rodrigo de 56
United States of America 34-7, 58-63, 88-93, 185
Florida 76-81
Northwest Coast 168-73
Urquijo, Mariano Luis de 179
Vanderlyn, John 56
Vaughan, Robert 104
Veer, Gerrit de 117
Venice 58-9
Véron, Pierre-Antoine 152
Vespucci, Amerigo 73, 74-5, 94
Visscher, Claes Janszoon 124, 124-5
Volga Bulgaria 30-1
Vries, Maarten 133
Waldseemüller, Martin 22, 53, 73, 74-5
Weitsch, Friedrich Georg 179, 182
Wilkes, Charles 171
Wilkinson, Robert 170
William III, King 139
Wills, William John 220-4, 222, 226
Worsley, Frank 242-3, 244, 245
Wrangel, Ferdinand von 225
Wright-Molyneux map 106
Wubei Zhi 44
Xavier, Francis 110
Xerxes 21
Yale University 37
Yam 19
Zheng He, Admiral 44-7
Zhong Wentao 111