Page numbers refer to the print edition but are hyperlinked to the appropriate location in the e-book.
Accademia della Crusca,
31accident, accidental,
46–47A la recherche du temps perdu (Proust),
76–84
Alexander the Great,
18,
168American hostages, in Iran,
136–141art: and authorized criticism,
8,
39; directness of life of,
7,
38; as discipline,
7,
39; human achievement of,
185–186; and illusion,
28; individual apprehension of,
ix; and loss,
xiv,
14,
33; Montale on,
11,
29; paradox of,
96; and politics,
xi–xii; and posterity,
xiv,
40–51; power of,
9; private response to,
8; as response to truth,
4; submission to,
8,
39; and technology,
7–8,
39artist, the: individuality of,
11; role of,
14,
33,
48,
50,
51artistic vocation, Auden on,
14artists: Hazzard characters as,
xii; Rome as gathering place for,
98arts, the: language and,
3–4,
31; literature and,
38Auden, W. H.,
xiv,
4,
8,
14–16,
21,
26,
29,
31,
48,
51,
71,
99; four categories of loss,
14–15,
29; in Spain,
26Australia,
ix,
xii,
xv,
xxi,
16,
72,
73,
142–145,
168,
177,
180; literature of,
67–73,
177; social order of,
177Austrian Nazi Party, Waldheim’s involvement in,
xvii,
129
Barzun, Jacques,
5,
34,
71brevity, as literary value,
5,
34Bulstrode, Mrs. (
Middlemarch character),
36Byron, Lord [George Gordon],
10,
17,
21,
22,
26,
35,
40,
41,
44,
45,
51
Casaubon, Edward (
Middlemarch character),
36censorship: of Confucius by the UN,
125; of Solzhenitsyn by the UN,
112,
115,
125character: Hazzard’s,
ix,
163; literary,
xv,
20,
36,
58,
59,
60,
68,
71,
75Château,
The (Maxwell),
105
Chateaubriand, François-René de,
44Childe Harold (Byron),
42
Christianity,
18,
19,
32,
172; and aesthetics,
xviii; Christian hero,
19; Christian ideal,
19,
145; Christian thought,
xiii; era of,
18,
32CIA (Central Intelligence Agency),
130citizen, Hazzard’s sense of her responsibilities as,
x,
xviiCity University of New York,
125classical: authors,
19,
23,
94; era,
xiii; literature,
20,
32; philology,
174; sites, around Herculaneum,
173; world,
28Coleridge, Samuel Taylor,
31consciousness,
3,
11,
13,
30,
32,
45,
47,
48,
71,
83,
143; human,
3,
32,
48,
71; Western,
13; of women,
47; of the writer,
11,
13,
30,
35,
45conservatism, Hazzard’s perceived,
xiiConstant, Benjamin,
88–90correspondence: of Hazzard,
xvii,
188; of Maxwell,
103; writers’,
48; of Zélide,
88Countenance of Truth (Hazzard),
x
critics, literary,
xi,
6–8,
30,
35,
38–39,
47,
59,
67,
77–78,
99criticism: literary,
xiv,
6,
11,
35,
38,
99; of the UN,
xii,
xvii,
109–141,
188n13
daily life: of the ancient world,
167; as heroic,
24; language as medium for,
31; literature in,
3de Charrière, Madame.
See Zélidede Charrière, Monsieur (Charles-Emmanuel),
88de Staël, Madame Germaine,
89–90Depression, the (Great),
143d’Hermenches, Constant,
86discrimination, by UN against female staff,
110,
120Dostoyevsky, Fyodor,
25,
29,
50
Enlightenment, the,
89,
90ethical choices, of Hazzard’s protagonists,
xiethical dilemmas, of Hiroshima bombing,
xx,
142ethical proof, Hazzard’s as author,
xivExcellent Women (Pym),
74–75
Eye of the Storm,
The (White),
67–73
fiction: Hazzard as reviewer of,
xv; Hazzard as writer of,
ix,
x,
xi,
xvii,
145; and the hero,
20,
36; and pleasure,
184; relation of novelist to,
9,
10; William Maxwell’s love of,
103; by Zélide,
87Flaubert, Gustave,
ix,
x,
4,
5,
25,
32,
34,
77,
84Flying Cloud airfield, China,
158–159Fugitive,
The (Proust),
76,
81
genius,
10,
25,
37,
43,
55,
67,
77,
85,
89,
97,
124,
127,
170“La Ginestra” (Leopardi),
42,
99Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von,
98Great Fire,
The (Hazzard),
xi,
xxi
Guardian (UK newspaper),
128
Gulag Archipelago,
The (Solzhenitsyn),
112–114
Hamlet,
20,
37,
40,
44; Garrick’s cello performance of soliloquy,
44Hazzard, Shirley: characterized as a conservative,
xii; correspondence of,
xvii; employed at UN,
ix; as expatriate,
ix; friendship with New York Intellectuals,
ix,
xi; as international author,
ix–xxi; international perspective of,
ix,
x,
xix; leaving Australia,
ix; marriage to Steegmuller,
ix,
102; as public intellectual,
ixHazzard, Shirley, works of:
Countenance of Truth,
x;
Defeat of an Ideal,
xvii,
189n13,
203n10,
205n17; essays in
New Republic and
Partisan Review,
xii; essays in
New York Times,
xiii,
xvii,
115,
189,
197,
198,
199,
202;
The Great Fire,
xi,
xxi;
People in Glass Houses,
xi;
The Transit of Venus,
xi; travel writings,
xx; works published in
New Yorker,
ix,
xvi,
102,
103,
206Heian court, in Japan,
46history,
13,
18,
21,
22,
27,
51,
64,
114,
138,
141,
145,
150,
169History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire,
The (Gibbon),
169
Homer,
19,
22,
25,
29,
30,
32,
39,
41,
95,
153,
167,
169human rights,
xvi,
xviii,
109,
112–114,
120,
125,
127,
131,
132,
134,
136,
137,
138,
189n15; Human Rights Day,
109; movement,
132
illusion: in art and literature,
15,
21,
24,
28; and disillusion,
15,
21,
24,
28; Leopardi on poetry and,
23,
96; Montale on,
15,
21,
28,
29,
45; related to civilization,
175–176; of social continuity and order,
11individual: apprehension of art,
ix; experience of travel,
xx; gestures,
145; lives,
169; quality,
176; response to art,
39; responsibility,
37; rights of UN employees not protected,
xvi; UN hostility to,
131,
132,
137; voices in literature,
6,
37; writers,
21individuals, humanitarian action by,
xviii,
131intellectual,
7,
30,
95,
98,
102,
110,
111,
112,
113,
118; Hazzard as,
ix–xxiinternational: agencies,
120; civil servants, rights of,
139; civil service,
123,
129–130; community,
137; conference on human rights,
136; conventions,
139; Hazzard as
ix–xxi; human rights,
189n15; law,
122;
Partisan Review as,
x; politics,
ix; relations,
118; staff of the UN,
112; territory of the UN,
113–115,
130; UN and League of Nations as “international enterprises,”
118; women’s conference,
128Issues and Answers (ABC television program),
127
Italian government, neglect of antiquities by,
171–172Italy,
xiii,
xxi,
12,
43,
45,
90,
92,
94,
97,
98,
171,
175–180
Kai Tak airfield, Hong Kong,
156Kilmartin, Terence,
76–81
language: abstract,
39; ancient,
33,
48,
183; Auden on,
48; Chinese,
46,
154; degradation of,
8,
39; English,
xxi,
35,
37,
79–80,
83,
183–184; illustrating character,
36; immediacy of,
4,
33; inspired,
33; Italian,
31; Japanese,
46; poetic,
xiii; power of,
17,
30; as primary medium,
3–8,
31; responsibilities of,
6,
31; Shakespeare’s,
31; Spark on inflections of meaning in,
57; White’s distinctive,
71; writer’s vigilance over,
35; written,
173,
183“Lemons, The” (Montale),
46Leopardi: A Study in Solitude (Origo),
92–100
Leopardi, Giacomo,
xv,
xvi,
23,
32,
42–43,
51,
64,
94–100,
171,
178;
Canti,
97;
Canzoni,
97“Letter to Lord Byron” (Auden),
26Lie, Trygve,
122,
129–130; collaborations with US State Department and FBI,
130Lippe-Weissenfeld, Prince Alfred zur,
131literature: authentic response to,
xiv; classical,
20; in contemporary world,
xiii–xiv; and criticism,
7,
38–39; disillusion in,
24; emotion and,
11; and human subject,
15; individual speech in,
37; Japanese,
46; King on high,
xxi; Leopardi on,
51; and loss,
14; love of,
9; pleasure in,
3,
184; and politics,
xi; public role of,
xix; relationship to society,
xi; Seneca on beauty of,
39; and truth,
11,
30; value of,
xiv; virtue in,
24loss: Auden on,
14,
21,
26; death and,
47; of humanistic values,
177; Leopardi on,
97–99; literature and,
xiv,
14–15; of need for silence,
51
Madame Bovary (Flaubert),
40,
77
Malibu, replica Villa dei Papiri at,
172–173McCarran Internal Security Subcommittee,
133McCarthyism,
110; surveillance of UN employees,
xviiimedieval: character types,
37; morality plays,
6,
20; romance,
20memory,
3,
13,
18,
21–22,
24–25,
27–28,
30,
42–43,
45,
46,
70,
80,
82,
144Middlemarch (Eliot),
24,
36,
38
modern: age,
7,
144; condition,
9,
11,
15,
23,
24,
26,
27,
39,
48–49,
51,
75,
134; era, role of the writer in,
xiii,
57,
84; fiction,
9,
20; intellectuals,
xii; life,
xiv; science,
121; thought,
xx,
144Montale, Eugenio,
xiv,
3,
11,
12–15,
18,
21,
23–24,
27–30,
43,
45–46,
51,
167moral: courage,
110,
119; example,
109,
124; force,
131,
177; leadership,
67,
132; outrage,
133,
138; pedestal,
123; principles,
130; tenor of Hazzard’s work,
x,
xi,
xvi,
xviii,
xx“Mozart 1935” (Stevens),
47Muriel Spark: The Biography (Stannard),
187n2
“Naming of Parts, The” (Reed),
16Naples,
ix,
xv,
xxi,
12,
23,
42,
63–66,
99–100,
167–174,
185; National Archaeological Museum,
170; National Library,
171nature,
18,
23,
25,
29,
42,
59,
64,
67,
97,
99neoclassical: epoch,
21; impact of Vesuvian discoveries,
170New York Intellectuals,
ix–xiinineteenth century,
7,
21,
24,
25,
37,
42,
77,
78,
93,
169nineteenth-century novel,
20“No, Plato, No” (Auden),
16Nobel Prize,
13,
29,
45,
67–73,
113; acceptance speech of Montale,
29; acceptance speech of Solzhenitsyn,
xvii,
113; and Patrick White,
xv,
67–73; and Saul Bellow,
45nonfiction, Hazzard’s,
x,
xiiNorway’s wartime exiled government,
129novel, novels,
xi,
8,
24–25,
36,
165,
183; by Hazzard,
xi,
xx; by Maxwell,
105; by Proust,
77,
79,
81; by Pym,
74–75; by Rhys,
59–62; by Ritchie,
123; by Serao,
63–66; by Spark,
56,
58; by Tolstoy,
104; by White,
67–73,
177; by Zélide,
87“Novelist, The” (Auden),
4Noyes, Emily. See Maxwell, Emily
nuclear arms: obliteration through, threat of,
48; terror through,
118,
189n17; testing at Bikini Atoll,
142; weaponry,
xix
“Obscurity of the Poet, The” (Jarrell),
48“Ode to the West Wind” (Shelley),
180Ortega y Gasset, José,
10Our Man in Havana (Greene),
25
paganism,
20,
32; pagan gods,
20; pagan texts,
19Palais des Nations, Geneva: bookshops at,
112Palinurus (Cyril Connolly),
56Peacemakers,
The (Ritchie),
123
Pentagon, salaries at,
120People in Glass Houses (Hazzard),
xi
Le Père Goriot (Balzac),
38
Philip II of Macedon,
118Pilgrim’s Progress,
The (Bunyan),
20,
134
pleasure: art and,
44,
48–49,
67,
79,
184; private pleasure,
19; reconciled with virtue,
20; as response to literature,
xiv,
3,
104,
184; as response to the world,
xxiPléiade edition, of Proust,
76–77Pliable (
Pilgrim’s Progress character),
134poet: and armory,
16; as commemorator of great deeds,
3,
43; decline of status of,
29; and freedom,
25; and the hero,
25; and memory,
44; and posterity,
45; in the postwar (WWII) world,
27; public role of,
xiii,
25,
26; as recognized requirement of society,
13–14; role of,
14,
18,
21; task of,
4,
35,
48; and the trenches (WWI),
25poetry: Auden on,
31; as compression of thought,
5,
34; as contrary to conformity,
11; and the human condition,
29; and illusion,
23; nature of,
30; as not useful to life,
18; read aloud,
8,
51; and truth,
30Poliziano (Angelo Ambrogini),
99Pope Paul III with His Nephews (Titian),
69
Portrait of Zélide,
The (Scott),
85–91
Princeton University,
xiii,
39private: activity, writing as,
45; agencies,
xviii,
131,
133,
138–139; bond between reader and writer,
7,
25; domain (of the writer),
xi,
13,
15; grievances of citizens,
132; income (Steegmuller’s),
xi; response to art,
xiv,
6–8,
38; responsibilities of citizens,
6public: acclaim for the poet,
50; action,
15,
21,
47,
50; attention on the UN,
139,
189n13; debates,
xi,
xix; deed,
15; destiny of the poet,
13; engagement and the UN,
110; events,
18,
27; figure, Hazzard as,
xvii; hopes for the UN,
120–121; imagination,
169; institutions,
118; intellectual, Hazzard as,
ix; involvement and the UN,
118–119; knowledge of Waldheim’s past,
xvii; money,
110,
120; opinion and the UN,
118; perspectives,
xx; political life,
xi; pressure on the UN,
111,
116; realm,
xiv,
14,
15; responsibilities of citizens,
xvii; role of literature,
xix; role of writer,
xiii,
15,
47; themes, Hazzard on,
xvi,
109–145; will and the UN,
xviiiPublic Image,
The (Spark),
55–58
Quartet in Autumn (Pym),
74–75
RAF base (in Hong Kong),
156reader, the: emotion of,
11; Guizot as,
78; Hazzard as,
xiii,
xv; relationship with writer,
7,
9,
11,
183–184readers: and critics,
7,
38; of Proust,
83; of Pym,
75; of Rhys,
59; of Serao,
63,
64,
65; of White,
72–73; of Zélide,
86reading: Hazzard and,
x,
xiv–xv,
162; Leopardi’s,
95–96; life, the,
90; literary,
9,
51,
183–184; Maxwell and,
104–105; popular,
183–184; public, of Virgil,
12Rettifilo (boulevard, Naples),
65revelation: aesthetic,
177; of antiquity at Herculaneum,
171; Hazzard’s, of Waldheim’s concealed past,
188; human desire for,
28; individual expression as,
37; literature as,
6,
64,
67; Tuscany as,
188n12Revelation, Book of,
4,
71Richard II (Shakespeare),
23,
40
Riders in the Chariot (White),
68,
177
Rochester, John Wilmot, Earl of,
16
san Gimignano, Folgore,
178Satyr against Mankind,
A (Rochester),
16
Scenes of Clerical Life (Eliot),
74
Scott Moncrieff, Charles K.,
76–84Scott Moncrieff, Miss,
81“Secondary Epic” (Auden),
16self-consciousness, in language,
36Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Government Affairs,
133Seneca, Lucius Anneas,
8,
18,
39“Shield of Achilles, The” (Auden),
15short-story collections,
56“Signorina Felicità” (Gozzano),
45silence: Leopardi on,
51; Montale on,
14,
167; public, of League of Nations,
117; public, of UN,
118,
125,
129,
134,
137; of reader and writer,
9,
93; and thought,
10“Soldier, The” (Brooke),
47Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr: as dissident,
109; Nobel speech of,
29,
111,
113,
114,
121,
132; public role of,
47; UN suppression of works by,
xvi,
xvii,
xix,
109,
112–116,
125Stendhal (Marie-Henri Beyle),
42,
71Swinburne, Algernon Charles,
47
Tales of Hoffman,
The (Offenbach),
40
Times Literary Supplement (London),
72
Transit of Venus,
The (Hazzard),
xi
transnational order, intellectuals as part of,
xiitrenches, of WWI,
25,
143Trumbull, Mr. Borthrop (
Middlemarch character),
36truth: art and,
8,
32–33; imagination and,
10; individual intimacy with,
39; language and,
xiii,
4,
6,
11,
30–31,
35; literature and,
4,
30,
71; satire and,
35
United Nations,
109–141; administrative procedures,
130; budget,
120,
125,
133,
203n4; charter of,
112,
124,
129,
130,
134; and Chinese government,
116; Commission on Human Rights,
120,
125,
128,
136–138; Congress on the Law of the Sea,
119; Congress on Population,
119; and Cypriot government,
131; Development Program,
123; International Maritime Organization,
122; and Iranian government,
140; peace medal,
132; presenting an illusion of concern,
119; press coverage of,
140; public disillusionment with,
126; relations with international governments,
109,
110–111,
112,
118–126,
128,
130,
134,
136–140; Secretariat,
xvi,
109,
123–125,
127,
129–131,
133,
138,
139,
188n13; Solzhenitsyn’s criticisms of,
132; and Soviet government,
xix,
112; staff body,
139; US government relations with,
130,
133“Unquiet Grave, The” (Palinurus),
56
van Serooskerken van Tuyll, Isabella.
See ZélideIl Ventre di Napoli (Serao),
63–66
Virgil,
xiii,
xiv,
12–24,
27,
29,
39,
41,
45–46,
95,
97,
100,
169Voltaire (François-Marie Arouet),
50,
87
War and Peace (Tolstoy),
104
Winckelmann, Johann Joachim,
98,
176Winspeare-Guicciardi, Vittorio,
112–113women: and Leopardi,
97–98; and Zélide,
90women writers,
xv,
47; of the Heian court,
46women’s rights, and the UN,
110,
128writer: Auden as,
14,
26; Australian,
72–73; Hazzard as,
x,
xiii,
xv,
xvii,
13,
178; as dissident,
114; as hero,
25,
28; as historical figure,
23; Maxwell as,
101; and posterity,
41,
44,
46–48; practice of,
4–6,
9–11,
13,
18,
21,
33–35; Pym as,
83; and reader,
7,
9; reputation of,
46–48; Spark as,
57–58; White as,
67,
71
Zélide (Isabella van Serooskerken van Tuyll),
xv,
xvi,
85–91