ALIEN (Unrelated), adjective detached, different, digressive, disconnected, disjoined, disrelated, dissociated, from nowhere, inappropriate, independent, insular, irrelated, no relation, not comparable, of external origin, outside, unaffiliated, unallied, unassociated, unconnected, ungermane, unrelated, without context, without relation

ALIEN, noun  advena, alienigena, emigrant, étranger, expatriate, foreigner, immigrant, interloper, intruder, noncitizen, one excluded from some privilege, outlander, outsider, peregrinus, person coming from a foreign country, person from foreign parts, refugee, stranger

ALIENATE (Estrange), verb  abalienare, aggravate, antagonize, avertere, be hateful, be unfriendly, bear malice, break off, cause dislike, cause loathing, come between, destroy goodwill, detach, disaffect, disunite, divide, embitter, enrage, envenom, fall out, harden the heart, incense, make averse, make indifferent, make inimical, make unfriendly, part, pit against, provoke hatred, repel, separate, set against, set at odds, set at variance, sow dissension, take umbrage, turn away, turn off, wean, withdraw the affections of

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: alienation of affections, alienation of power

ALIENATE (Transfer title), verb  abalienare, abalienate, assign, barter, consign, convey, deed, deliver over, demise, devolve, enfeoff, part with, pass, pass over, remise, sign away, sign over, substitute, surrender, transfer ownership, turn over

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: alienation of property

FOREIGN PHRASES: Regulariter non valet pactum de re mea non alienanda.  It is a rule that an agreement not to alienate my property is not binding.

ALIENATION (Estrangement), noun  abhorrence, abomination, acrimony, alienatio, animosity, antagonism, antipathy, aversion, bitterness, breach, break, deflection, disaffection, disfavor, disruption, division, enmity, execration, hostility, implacability, loathing, malevolence, malice, odium, rancor, rift, rupture, schism, separation, split, umbrage, unfriendliness, variance, withdrawal

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: alienation of affections, alienation of power

FOREIGN PHRASES: Alienatio rei praefertur juri accrescendi.  Alienation is favored by the law rather than accumulation.

ALIENATION (Transfer of title), noun  abalienatio, abalienation, assignation, assignment, cession, conferment, conferral, consignation, consignment, conveyance, conveyancing, deeding, deliverance, delivery, demise, enfeoffment, limitation, nonretention, selling, surrender, transference, transmission

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: alienation clause, alienation of property

ALIGHT, verb  climb down, depart, descend, descendere, disembark, dismount, egress, evacuate, exit, get down, get off, ground oneself, land, leave, part, set down, step down

ALIGN, verb  accommodate, adapt, adjust, ameliorate, amend, attune, change, collimate, conform, correct, cure, improve, level, line up, make uniform, modify, normalize, pattern, perfect, readjust, rectify, regularize, remedy, revise

ALIKE, adjective  accordant, akin, allied, analogous, cognate, comparable, copied, correspondent, corresponding, duplicate, equable, equal, equivalent, even, identical, indistinguishable, interchangeable, kindred, matched, mated, parallel, resemblant, resembling, same, selfsame, similar, synonymous, undiscriminated, uniform

ALIKE, adverb  akin, analogously, both, close to, coincidentally, comparably, correspondently, correspondingly, equally, identically, in common, likewise, similarly, synonymously, together

ALIMONY, noun  allotment, allowance, care, dispensation, emolument, grant, income, maintenance, maintenance allowance, pecuniary aid, pecuniary assistance, personal allowance, provision, recompense, remuneration, separate maintenance, separation money, settlement, stipend, subsidization, subsidy, subvention, support, sustenance, sustentation, upkeep

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: alimony award, alimony judgment, alimony penpendente lite, division of property, divorce, necessaries, permanent alimony, separation, support, temporary alimony

ALL, adjective  complete, each and every, full, global, integral, nothing but, only, perfect, the sum of, total, undivided, universal, wholly

ALL, noun  aggregate, all and sundry, allness, assemblage, collectiveness, completeness, complexus, ensemble, entireness, entirety, everyone, everything, fullness, gross amount, indivisibility, intactness, integer, integrality, one and all, sum, sum total, total, totality, undividedness, universality, whole, wholeness

ALLAY, verb  abate, alleviate, appease, assuage, blunt, calm, cause to be still, cause to subside, check, compose, constrain, control, curb, curtail, deaden, decrease, diminish, dull, hush, lenire, lessen, lighten, lull, minimize, mitigare, mitigate, moderate, mollify, pacify, palliate, qualify, quell, quench, quiet, reduce, reduce in severity, relieve, repress, restrain, silence, slake, smooth, soften, soothe, still, subdue, suppress, temper, tone down, tranquilize

ALLEGATION, noun  adfirmatio, assertion, averment, bill of complaint, charge, claim, complaint, crimination, declaration, denunciation, formal averment, imputation, inculpation, ipse dixit, plea, positive assertion, positive declaration, positive statement, pronouncement, statement

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: allegation of fact, allegation of law, allegation of wrongdoing

ALLEGE, verb  adduce, advance, affirm, announce, annunciate, assert, asseverate, attest, aver, avouch, charge, cite, claim, contend, declare, enunciate, express, maintain, make an assertion, plead, present, profess, pronounce, propound, recite, relate, say, set forth, state, state as true, urge as a reason

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: allege a crime

ALLEGE UNDER OATH, verb  adjure, assert as true, attest, authenticate, avouch, avow, bear witness, certify, confirm, declare, declare true, depose, give evidence, guarantee, maintain under oath, make solemn affirmation, state, swear, take an oath, vouch, vow

ALLEGED, adjective  acknowledged, adduced, advanced, advocated, affirmed, announced, argued, asserted, asserted formally, asseverated, assured, averred, avouched, avowed, certified, cited, claimed, contended, declared, divulged, enunciated, imparted, imputed, insisted, introduced, maintained, positively declared, presented, proclaimed, produced, professed, promulgated, pronounced, propounded, put forward, reported, set forth, stated, stressed, testified to, uttered with conviction, vouched

ALLEGIANCE, noun  adherence, adherence to duty, attachment, bounden duty, call of duty, case of conscience, commitment, constancy, deference, devotedness, devotion, duteousness, dutifulness, faith, faithfulness, fealty, fidelity, fides, homage, imperative duty, inescapable duty, loyalty, matter of duty, moral obligation, obedience, obligation, obsequiousness, observance, observance of obligation, onus, pledge, promise, responsibility, sense of duty, steadfastness, subjection, submission, subordination, support, trueness

FOREIGN PHRASES: Nemo patriam in qua natus est exuere, nec ligeantiae debitum ejurare possit.  No man can renounce his native country nor adjure his obligation of allegiance. Ligeantia est quasi legis essentia; est vinculum fidei. Allegiance is the essence of law; it is the bond of faith.

ALL-ENCOMPASSING, adjective  all, blanket, broad, compendious, complete, comprehensive, consummate, encyclopedic, entire, everything comprehensible, exhaustive, extensive, far-reaching, full, global, inclusive, massive, maximal, plenary, thorough, total, unabridged, universal, unmitigated, unqualified, vast, whole

ALLEVIATE, verb  abate, adlevare, allay, appease, assuage, attenuate, blunt, calm, check, commute, compose, console, curb, dampen, diminish, disburden, disencumber, divert, dulcify, dull, ease, ease the burden, extenuate, free, help, hush, lessen, lighten, lull, mitigate, moderate, modulate, nullify, obtund, pacify, palliate, qualify, quell, quiet, redress, reduce, relieve, remedy, remit, restrain, salve, slacken, slow down, smooth, soften, solace, soothe, still, subdue, succor, tame, temper, tranquilize, unburden, unload, weaken

ALLIANCE, noun  accordance, adhesion, affiliation, agreement, alignment, amalgamation, association, band, bloc, cartel, centralization, chain, coalescence, coalition, combination, combine, compact, company, concert, concordant, confederacy, conformity, conjunction, connection, connivance, consolidation, consortium, contract, contribution, convention, cooperative, corporation, covenant, federation, fusion, integration, junction, league, merger, organization, pact, partnership, peace, pool, rapprochement, relationship, sodality, syndicate, treaty, trust, understanding, union

ALLIED, adjective  affiliated, affinitive, akin, associated, bonded, confederate, connected, federate, kindred, leagued, related

ALLOCATE, verb  administer, allot, appoint, apportion, appropriate, arrange, assign, assort, cast, class, classify, collocate, consign, deal, deal out, designate, destine, detail, dispense, disperse, dispose, distribute, divide, divide and bestow in shares, dole out, earmark, fix, give out, grant, group, hand out, intend, line up, locate, marshal, mete, parcel out, place, portion off, portion out, prescribe, prorate, ration, render, set apart, set aside, set out, share, situate, specify

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: allocate funds, special allocatur

ALLOCATION (Allotment), noun  annuity, apportionment, bequest, disbursement, dispensation, distribution, endowment, entitlement, grant, issuance, moiety, percentage, portion due, proportion, quota, ration, share

ALLOCATION (Apportionment), noun  appropriation, dispensation, division, fractionation, partition, rationing, reallocation, reckoning, segmentation, separation, split, take

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: apportionment, contribution, joint and several liability

ALLONGE, noun  addendum, additament, addition, adjunct, affix, appendage, appendix, attachment, complement, postscript, rider, supplement

ALLOT, verb  addicere, administer, adsignare, allocate, appoint, apportion, assign, deal, delimit, demarcate, designate, dispense, disperse, dispose, distribuere, distribute, divide, dole, earmark, indicate, measure, mete, mete out, parcel out, partition, portion out, prorate, ration, share, specify

ALLOTMENT, noun  adsignatio, allocation, annuity, appointment, apportionment, appropriation, arrangement, assignment, assignment by share, designation, dispensation, disposal, disposition, distribution, distribution by lot, dole, ordering, partition, portion, proportion, ration

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: allotment certificate, allotment note, allotment system

ALLOW (Authorize), verb  accredit, acknowledge, approve, certify, charter, commission, empower, enable, endorse, enfranchise, entitle, give, give authority, give leave, give permission, grant, grant permission, invest, legalize, legitimatize, license, permit, privilege, qualify, sanction, support, sustain, vouchsafe, warrant

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: allow to bail, allowable debt, allowable loss, allowed by law, allowed claim

FOREIGN PHRASES: Est quiddam perfectius in rebus licitis.  There is something more perfect in things permitted.

ALLOW (Endure), verb  abide, accede, accept, accord, acquiesce, afford, agree, approve, assent, be answerable, be indulgent of, bear, brook, carry on under, concede, consent, countenance, forbear, permit, submit to, suffer, suffer to occur, sustain, take patiently, tolerate, undergo, withstand, yield

FOREIGN PHRASES: Tout es que la loi ne defend pas est permis.  Everything which the law does not forbid is permitted.

ALLOWABLE, adjective  acceptable, accepted, admissible, approvable, approved, authorized, excusable, granted, justifiable, lawful, legal, legalized, legitimate, licit, not impossible, not improper, not objectionable, pardonable, passable, permissible, proper, right, sanctionable, sanctioned, sufferable, suffered, suitable, tolerable, tolerated, unforbidden, unobjectionable, unprohibited, venial, warrantable

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: allowable claims

ALLOWED, adjective  acceptable, accepted, acknowledged, admissible, admitted, allowable, approvable, approved, authorized, certified, chartered, commissioned, conceded, consented, eligible, empowered, endorsed, enfranchised, granted, justified, lawful, legal, legalized, legitimate, licensed, licit, passed, permissible, permissioned, permitted, ratified, recognized, rightful, sanctioned, sanctioned by the law, suitable, supported by authority, tolerable, tolerated, unforbidden, unprohibited, valid, validated, vouchsafed, warranted, within the law

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: allowed claim, allowed into evidence

FOREIGN PHRASES: Est quiddam perfectius in rebus licitis. There is something more perfect in things permitted.

ALLUDE, verb  advert, attingere, bring to mind, cite, connote, convey, designare, evince, hint, imply, import, indicate, infer, insinuate, leave an inference, make indirect reference, mention, point to, refer to, relate, significare, signify, suggest, touch upon

ALLUSIVE, adjective  allusory, ambiguous, clandestine, connotative, covert, eclipsed, evasive, imperspicuous, implicational, implicative, indicative, indirect, inferential, inferred, notional, obscure, screened, suggestive, tacit, vague, veiled

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: evasive contempt

ALLUVION, noun  batture, deposit, deposition, residuary, sediment, settlement, settlings

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: accretion, alluvial accretion, alluvial land, riparian lands, riparian rights

ALLY, noun  advocate, backer, benefactor, champion, cohort, companion, confederate, contributor, defender, espouser, faithful companion, friend, partisan, proponent, protector, sponsor, supporter, sympathizer

ALMOST, adverb  approximately, close to, nearly, on the brink of, on the verge of, scarcely, within sight of

ALONE (Solitary), adverb  apart, detached, in solitude, independently, insular, isolated, privately, removed, separate, solo

ALONE (Unsupported), adverb  unabetted, unaccompanied, unaided, unassisted, unattended, unseconded

ALONG, adverb  coupled with, forward, in company with, in conjunction with, lengthwise, side by side, together, with

ALSO, adverb  additionally, as well, besides, extra, furthermore, in addition, including, likewise, moreover, over and above, plus, similarly, then again, together with, too

ALSO KNOWN AS, noun  alias, also called, also identified as, also named, also referred to, assumed name, called, identification, identity, otherwise called, otherwise known, pseudonym

ALTER, verb  adapt, adjust, amend, change, commute, convert, deviate, immutare, innovate, invert, make innovations, metamorphose, moderate, modify, modulate, mutare, qualify, rearrange, recast, reconstruct, reorganize, temper, transform, transmogrify, transmute, turn, variegate, vary

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: alter a document, alter a will, forgery, fraud

ALTER EGO, noun  alternate, counterpart, double, living image, match, other, other half, other person, other self, perfect substitute, second self, shadow, stand-in, twin

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: agent, alter ego doctrine, corporate alter ego, piercing the corporate veil, separate corporate entity

ALTERATION, noun  adjustment, conversion, correction, difference, diversity, innovation, modification, modulation, reform, rehabilitation, reorganization, repair, revision, transition, transposition, variability, variance, variation

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: alteration of a contract, alteration of a license, alteration of a pleading, alteration of an instrument, restoration of an instrument

ALTERCATION, noun  affray, altercatio, angry dispute, argument, bickering, broil, commotion, conflict, contestation, controversy, disaccord, disputation, dispute, disturbance, feud, fight, fracas, heated debate, iurgium, jangle, jangling, melee, noisy quarrel, quarrel, rixa, row, scuffle, snarl, squabble, strife, wrangle, wrangling

FOREIGN PHRASES: Veritas nimium altercando amittitur.  Truth is lost by too much altercation.

ALTERNATE (Fluctuate), verb  be periodic, be unsettled, oscillate, pendulate, show indecision, vacillate, vary, waver

ALTERNATE (Take turns), verb  act interchangeably, alternare, alterner, change by alternation, follow one another interchangeably, follow one another reciprocally, interchange, interchange regularly, interchange successively, perform by turns, perform reciprocally, perform responsively, permute, substitute, switch

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: alternate causes of action, pleading in the alternate

ALTERNATIVE (Option), noun  alternate choice, choice, conclusion, decision, determination, discernment, discretion, discrimination, distinction, election, embracement, espousal, free selection, judgment, pick, recourse, remaining course, selection, voluntary decision

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: alternative conditions

ALTERNATIVE (Substitute), noun  change, other choice, replacement, succedaneum, superseder, supplanter

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: alternative conditions, alternative contract, alternative covenant, alternative judgment, alternative legacy, alternative obligation, alternative plea, alternative pleading, alternative relief, alternative remedies, alternative writs

ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION, noun  alternative litigation resolution, alternative means to litigation, alternative method of resolving a dispute, arbitration, litigation substitute, means to resolve a dispute, mediation, pretrial mediation

Specifically: arbitration, mediation, pretrial mediation

ALWAYS (Forever), adverb  all the time, all the while, at all times, for all history

ALWAYS (Without exception), adverb  by and large each and every time, invariably, universally

AMALGAMATE, verb  admix, bind, blend, centralize, coadunate, coalesce, combine, commingle, commix, conflate, consolidate, fuse, inosculate, join, meld, merge, mix, solidify, syndicate, unify, unite

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: amalgamated labor organizations

AMANUENSIS, noun  clerk, recorder, recording secretary, scribe, scrivener, secretary, writer

AMASS, verb  accrue, accumulate, aggregate, amalgamate, assemble, augment, blend, bond, coalesce, collect, combine, compile, compound, congregate, corral, expand, extend, garner, gather, grow, herd, incorporate, increase, join, link, marry, mix, multiply, optimize, round up, stockpile, swell, unify, unite

AMASSED, adjective aggregated, amalgamate, amalgamated, blended, collective, compact, complex, composite, compound, compounded, conglomerate, fused, manifold, medley, mingled, mixed, mosaic, multiform, multiple, variegated

AMATEUR, adjective  inept, unaccomplished, unadroit, undextrous, unfit, ungifted, unskilled, untalented

AMATEUR, noun  apprentice, aspirant, beginner, disciple, entrant, fledging, freshman, inexperienced person, initiate, layman, neophyte, novice

AMAZE, verb  affect, astonish, astound, awe, bewilder, blow away, bowl over, captivate, dazzle, dumbfound, enchant, enrapture, enthrall, enthuse, excite, fascinate, flabbergast, floor, impress, influence, inspire, move, mystify, overwhelm, pique, provoke, ravish, shock, startle, stir, strike, stun, stupefy, sway, thrill, touch, wow

AMBIGUITY, noun  abstruseness, ambiguitas, bafflement, bewilderment, confounded meaning, confused meaning, confusion, disconcertion, doubtful meaning, doubtfulness, dubiety, dubiousness, duplexity in meaning, equivocalness, equivocation, incertitude, indefinite meaning, indefiniteness, indeterminacy, obscure meaning, obscurity, puzzlement, reconditeness, uncertainty of meaning, unintelligibility, vagueness

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: ambiguity upon the factum, latent ambiguity, patent ambiguity

FOREIGN PHRASES: Cum in testamento ambigue aut etiam perperam scriptum est benigne interpretari et secundum id quod credibile est cogitatum credendum est.  Where an ambiguous or even an erroneous expression occurs in a will, it should be interpreted liberally and in accordance with the intention of the testator. Ambiguitas verborum latens verificatione suppletur; nam quod ex facto oritur ambiguum verificatione facti tollitur. A latent verbal ambiguity may be removed by evidence; for whatever ambiguity arises from an extrinsic fact may be explained by extrinsic evidence. Ambiguum placitum interpretari debet contra proferentem. An ambiguous plea ought to be interpreted against the party entering it. Quae cubitationis tollendae causa contractibus inseruntur, jus commune non laedunt. Those clauses which are inserted in agreements to avoid doubts and ambiguity do not offend the common law. Quoties in verbis nulla est ambiguitas, ibi nulla expositio contra verba fienda est. Whenever there is no ambiguity in the words, then no exposition contrary to the words should be made. Quum in testamento ambigue aut etiam perperam scriptum est, benigne interpretari et secundum id quod credibile et cogitatum, credendum est. When an ambiguous or even an erroneous expression occurs in a will, it should be construed liberally and in accordance with what is thought the probable meaning of the testator. Ubi jus incertum, ibi jus nullum. Where the law is uncertain, there is no law. Verbis standum ubi nulla ambiguitas. Where there is no ambiguity, one must abide by the words.

AMBIGUOUS, adjective  abstruse, ambiguus, ambivalent, confused, difficult to comprehend, doubtful, dubious, equivocal, having a double meaning, indefinite, indistinct, inexact, lacking clearness, not clear, not plain, obscure, open to various interpretations, uncertain, unintelligible, vague

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: ambiguous language

FOREIGN PHRASES: Ambigua responsio contra proferentem est accipienda.  An ambiguous answer is to be taken against him who offers it. In ambigua voce legis ea potius accipienda est significatio quae vitio caret, praesertim cum etiam voluntas legis ex hoc colligi possit. In an ambiguous expression of law, that interpretation is to be preferred which is consonant with equity, especially where it is in conformity with the purpose of the law. In ambiguis orationibus maxime sententia spectanda est ejus qui eas protulisset. In ambiguous expressions, the intent of the person using them is particularly to be regarded. In ambiguo sermone non utrumque dicimus sed id duntaxat quod volumus. In ambiguous discourse, language is not used in a double sense, but in the sense in which it is meant.

AMBIT, noun  border, boundary, boundary line, bounds, circumference, contour, delineation lines, domain, dominion, furthest extent, furthest point, jurisdiction, limit, lines, orbit, outline, outer limit, pale, perimeter, periphery, province, realm, sphere

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: ambit of a statute, within the ambit of the law

AMBIVALENCE, noun  dubiety, dubitancy, equivocalness, hesitation, incertitude, indecision, indecisiveness, indeterminacy, indetermination, irresoluteness, irresolution, mental reservation, prevarication, uncertainty, undecidedness, undetermination, vacillation

AMBULATORY, adjective  able to be altered, alterative, amendable, amendatory, changeable, emendable, emendatory, modifiable, movable, mutable, not fixed, permutable, renunciatory, repudiative, repudiatory, reversible, reversional, revisional, revisory, revocable, revocatory, subject to change, variable

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: ambulatory deed, ambulatory patient, ambulatory will

FOREIGN PHRASES: Ambulatoria est voluntas defuncti usque ad vitae supremum exitum.  The will of a deceased person is ambulatory until the latest moment of life.

AMBUSH, verb  assail, assault, attack, attack from a concealed position, bait a trap, catch by perfidy, ensnare, entrap, lay a trap for, lie in wait for, set a trap for, snare, trap, waylay

AMELIORATE, verb  advance, allay, better, change for the better, correct, corrigere, cultivate, develop, ease, elevate, enhance, forward, fructify, help, improve, make better, make progress, meliorate, mend, mitigate, palliate, promote, raise, rectify, reform, upgrade

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: ameliorating facts and circumstances, ameliorating waste

AMENABILITY, noun  accessibleness, accommodativeness, acquiescence, adaptability, agreeableness, compliance, compliancy, conformability, docility, ductility, flexibility, flexibleness, inclination, influenceability, malleability, manageability, mansuetude, obligingness, persuasibility, placability, plasticity, pliability, pliancy, readiness, receptiveness, responsiveness, servility, submission, submissiveness, tractability, versatility, willingness, yieldingness

AMENABLE, adjective  accessible, acquiescent, agreeable, amiable, available, compliant, dicto oboediens, flexible, impressionable, influenceable, movable, obedient, open to suggestions, persuadable, persuasible, pervious, pliable, pliant, reasonable, responsible, suasible, tractable, yielding

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: amenable to process

AMEND, verb add to, adjust, alter, ameliorate, better, change, correct, corrigere, edit, emend, emendare, emendate, enhance, enrich, improve, mend, modify, perfect, polish, rectify, refashion, refine, reform, remedy, remove faults, renew, revamp, revise, rework, rewrite, upgrade

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: amend a certificate of incorporation, amend a law, amend a pleading, amend a statute, amend a will

AMENDMENT (Correction), noun  adjustment, amelioration, betterment, change, correctio, elaboration, emendatio, emendation, enhancement, improvement, melioration, modification, perfection, refinement, reformation, remedy, revampment, revisal, revision, supplement

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: amendment in a statute, amendment to a will

AMENDMENT (Legislation), noun  act, bill, clause, legislation, legislative act, legislative bill, measure, modification of the law, rider, supplement

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: amendment to a charter, amendment to the Constitution, Bill of Rights

AMENITIES, noun  civilities, convention, correctness, decency, decorousness, decorum, elegances, etiquette, formalities, gentilities, manners, prescribed code of conduct, propriety, protocol, seemliness, social code, standards

AMENITY, noun  accommodation, agreeable manner, agreeable way, agreeableness, allure, amoenitas, appeal, attractive feature, attractive quality, attractiveness, civility, delightfulness, desirable feature, grace, invitingness, lure, mildness, niceness, pleasantness, pleasingness, refinement

AMERCEMENT, noun  damages, fine, forfeit, forfeiture, pecuniary penalty, penalty

AMICABLE, adjective  affable, amiable, cordial, friendly, genial, harmonious, sociable, unhostile

AMICUS CURIAE, noun  advocate, champion, exponent, friend in court, intercessor, intervening party, intervenor, party, representative, speaker

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: amicus brief, amicus motion to intervene

AMMUNITION, noun  apparatus belli, armament, armature, arms, ballistics, cartridges, charge, defense, deterrent, explosive, firearms, gunnery, gunpowder, materials of combat, means of attack, muniment, munition, panoply, propellants, provisions, weapons

AMNESTY, noun  absolution, acquittance, act of grace, act of mercy, conciliation, condonation, discharge, disculpation, exculpation, exoneration, forgiveness, general pardon, grace, ignoscere, pardon, quittance, release, reprieve, universal forgiveness of past offenses, venia

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: express amnesty, implied amnesty, presidential pardon

AMONG, adverb  amid, amidst, between, in the middle of, parenthetically

AMORTIZATION, noun  clearance, defrayal, defrayment, disbursement, discharge, extinction of a debt, extinguishment of claim, liquidation of a debt, payment, remittance, satisfaction

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: amortization contract, amortization of a mortgage, amortize a loan

AMOUNT (Quantity), noun  aggregate, bulk, count, extent, magnitude, mass, measure, measurement, net quantity, number, numeration, strength, substance, sum, summa, total, whole

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: amount of evidence, amount of loss

FOREIGN PHRASES: Major numerus in se continet minorem.  The greater number contains in itself the lesser.

AMOUNT (Result), noun  conclusion, consequence, effect, end result, full effect, import, net quantity, outcome, outgrowth, product, purport, resultant, sum, sum total, upshot

AMOUNT (Sum), noun  account, count, rate, reckoning, statement, summation, tally, value, worth

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: amount allowed, amount due, amount in controversy, amount in dispute, amount of loss, amount recovered, jurisdictional amount

AMPLE, adjective  abounding, abundant, adequate, bountiful, broad enough, capacious, commodious, comprehensive, copious, expansive, extensive, generous, large enough, liberal, many, plenteous, satisfactory, sufficient

AMPLIFICATION, noun  accession, accretion, accrual, accumulation, advance, advancement, aggrandizement, aggravation, augmentation, broadening, clarification, deepening, development, dilation, elaboration, enhancement, enlargement, expansion, explanation, extension, furtherance, gain, growth, heightening, increasing, increment, intensification, magnification, progression, restatement, rewording

AMPLIFY, verb  add to, augment, delineate, develop, elaborate, enlarge, expand, extend, increase, specify, specify in greater detail

ANACHRONISTIC, adjective  antedated, antiquated, archaic, archaizing, behind the times, ill-advised, ill-judged, ill-timed, incongruous, misdated, misjudged, noncontemporary, obsolete, outdated, outmoded, previous, untimely, Victorian

ANACOLUTHON, noun  broken thread, disconnectedness, discontinuity, lost connection, non sequitur, unwarranted conclusion

ANALOGOUS, adjective  akin, cognate, commensurate, comparable, congenerous, connatural, correspondent, corresponding, exact, homogenous, interchangeable, kin, kindred, like, matching, proportionate, relatable, related, resemblant, resembling, same, similar, such

ANALOGY, noun  affinity, agreement, close relation, close resemblance, common feature, comparability, comparison, congruity, correlation, correspondence, equivalence, homology, like quality, likeness, logical relation, parallel relation, parallelism, parity, partial similarity, point in common, point of resemblance, points of comparison, relation, relativeness, relativity, resemblance, semblance, similar appearance, similar form, similar relation, similarity, similitude, similitudo, symmetry

FOREIGN PHRASES: De similibus ad similia eadem ratione procedendum est.  Proceeding in similar matters we are to proceed by the same rule.

ANALYSIS, noun ascertainment, assay, audit, canvassing, close inquiry, consideration, critical examination, critique, delineation, dissection, examination, exhaustive inquiry, explicatio, exploration, inquiry, investigation, perusal, probe, research, review, scrutinization, scrutiny, searching inquiry, sifting, strict inquiry, study, survey, treatment

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: chemical analysis, lab analysis

ANALYTICAL, adjective  deductive, demonstrative, diagnostic, experimental, fact-finding, investigative, logical, mathematical, probing, rational, reasoning, resolvent, searching, separative, solvent

ANALYZE, verb  anatomize, audit, canvass, conduct an inquiry, consider, delineate, delve into, dissect, examine, examine critically, explore, hold an inquiry, inquire into, institute an inquiry, investigate, make an analysis, make an inquiry, probe, question, reason, research, review, scan, scrutinize, set up an inquiry, sift, study, subject to examination, survey

ANARCHY, noun  absence of authority, breakdown of administration, chaos, confusion, discord, disobedience, disorder, disorderliness, disorganization, disregard, disunion, indiscipline, insubordination, insurgence, insurrection, interregnum, irresponsibility, lawlessness, licentia, misgovernment, misrule, mob law, mob rule, nihilism, political disorder, rebellion, revolution, riot, sedition, terrorism, tumult, turmoil, unruliness, uprising

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: criminal anarchy

ANCESTOR, noun  ascendant, auctor generis, auctor gentis, forebear, forefather, foregoer, forerunner, genitor, grandsire, parent, patriarch, precursor, predecessor, primogenitor, procreator, progenitor

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: ancestral estate, ancestral property, descendant, immediate ancestor, inheritance, lineal ancestor, maternal ancestor, paternal ancestor

ANCESTRY, noun  affiliation, ascendants, blood, blood relationship, blood tie, bloodline, cognation, connection, consanguinity, derivation, descent, family, family connection, family tree, filiation, forebears, forefathers, former generations, genealogy, genesis, genus, heredity, history, kinship, line, lineage, origin, origination, origo, parentage, parents, patriarchs, pedigree, predecessors, procreators, stirps, strain

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: ancestral estate, ancestral property

ANCILLARY (Auxiliary), adjective  abetting, accessory, added, additional, adjunct, adjuvant, advantageous, aidful, aiding, assistant, attendant, beneficial, coadjuvant, collateral, completing, conducive, contributory, cooperative, extra, helpful, in addition, ministrant, more, other, serving as an adjunct, serving as an aid, spare, supernumerary, supplemental, supplementary, supporting

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: ancillary acts, ancillary agreements, ancillary attachment, ancillary covenants, ancillary jurisdiction, ancillary proceeding, ancillary relief, ancillary remedies

ANCILLARY (Subsidiary), adjective  complementing, dependent, derivational, derivative, ensuing, following, lesser, resultant, resulting, secondary, sequential, subaltern, subordinate

ANCILLARY RELIEF, noun  accessory relief, additional relief, adjunct relief, an added judgment, attendant relief, beneficial relief, collateral relief, complementing relief, extra relief, other relief, resultant relief, resulting relief, secondary relief, sequential relief, spare relief, subordinate relief, supplemental relief, supplementary relief, supporting relief

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: ancillary administration, ancillary attachment, ancillary bill, ancillary jurisdiction, ancillary proceeding

ANEW, adverb  afresh, again, another time, newly, once more, over again

ANGER, verb  abrade, aggravate, agitate, alienate, annoy, attack, badger, bait, beleaguer, bother, burn, chafe, create hostility, cross, disquiet, distress, disturb, embitter, enflame, enrage, envenom, exasperate, frazzle, gall, grate, gripe, harass, incense, inflame, infuriate, irk, irritate, madden, nettle, offend, outrage, peeve, perturb, pique, provoke, rankle, rile, roil, trouble, unhinge, unsettle, upset, vex, worry

ANGUISH, verb  ache, aggrieve, agonize, desolate, disturb, excruciate, grieve, harry, make miserable, pain, prostrate, rack, suffer, torment, torture, trouble, writhe

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: mental anguish, noneconomic loss, pain and suffering

ANIMADVERSION, noun  admonition, adverse comment, aspersion, blame, censorious remark, censure, chiding, condemnation, correction, criticism, deprecation, disapprobation, disapproval, discredit, faultfinding, impeachment, impugnation, imputation, obloquy, rebuke, reflection, remark, remonstrance, reprehension, reprimand, reproach, reprobation, reproof, revilement, stricture

ANIMAL, noun  animans, beast, beast of burden, beast of the field, brute, brute creation, created being, creature, pet, wild being

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: animals of a base nature, domestic animals, wild animal

FOREIGN PHRASES: Animalia fera, si facta sint mansueta et ex consuetudine eunt et redeunt, volant et revolant, ut cervi, cygni, etc., eo usque nostra sunt, et ita intelliguntur quamdium habuerunt animum revertendi.  Wild animals, if they are tamed and are accustomed to leave and return, fly away and fly back, as stags, swans, etc., are considered to belong to us so long as they have the intention of returning to us.

ANIMOSITY, noun  abhorrence, acrimony, aggravation, alienation, anger, antagonism, antipathy, bad blood, bitterness, coldness, difference of opinion, disapproval, discord, disfavor, displeasure, enmity, gall, grudge, hatred, hostility, ignominy, ill will, loathing, malevolence, malice, malignity, prejudice, rancor, resentment, revulsion, strain, tension, venom, vindictiveness, virulence

ANIMUS, noun  bent, character, decision, deliberateness, design, determination, disposition, fixed purpose, inclination, intendment, intent, intention, intentionality, mind, motive, nature, penchant, predetermination, predilection, predisposition, propensity, purpose, resolution, resolve, set purpose, settled purpose, temper, tendency, volition, will

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: animus derelinquendi, animus et factum, animus furandi, animus revertendi, animus testandi, antiunion animus

ANNEX (Add), verb  affix, append, attach, bind, bring together, combine, conjoin, connect, consolidate, fasten, fix, hold together, incorporate, interlink, intertwist, join, merge, put together, subjoin, supplement, unite

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: annex an exhibit, annex court papers, annex to a pleading, annexed writing, fixtures

ANNEX (Arrogate), verb  accroach, appropriate, assume, assume ownership, confiscate, convert, disseise, distrain, expropriate, impound, seize, take over, take possession, take summarily, usurp

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: annex a territory

ANNIHILATE, verb  abolish, annul, blast, cancel, consume, crush, cut down, decimate, demolish, destroy, devour, dismantle, dissolve, efface, eliminate, end, eradicate, expunge, exterminate, extinguish, extirpate, invalidate, kill, liquidate, massacre, negate, nullify, obliterate, overthrow, quench, ravage, remove, render null and void, revoke, ruin, slaughter, slay, snuff out, stifle, subvert, undo, vitiate, wipe out, wreck

ANNOUNCE, verb  acquaint, advertise, advise, affirm, allege, annunciate, apprise, assert, asservate, aver, broadcast, bruit, bulletin, circulate, communicate, contend, convey, declare, disabuse, disclose, disseminate, enunciate, foretell, give out, herald, inform, maintain, make manifest, mention, notify, observe, post, proclaim, profess, prognosticate, promulgate, pronounce, propound, publish, relate, report, reveal, set forth, signal, speak, specify, state, tell, transmit, trumpet, utter

ANNOUNCEMENT, noun  broadcast, bulletin, communication, communiqué, declaration, disclosure, dissemination, exposé, exposition, gazette, manifesto, message, news, notice, notification, posting, proclamation, promulgation, pronouncement, publication, release, report, statement, utterance

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: legal notice

ANNOY, verb  acerbate, affront, aggravate, badger, bedevil, bother, chafe, cross, discommode, discompose, displease, disquiet, distress, disturb, enrage, exasperate, fester, fret, gall, get on the nerves of, grate, grieve, harass, harm, harry, heckle, hector, importune, incommode, inconvenience, infest, irk, irritate, nag, needle, offend, pain, pester, pique, plague, provoke, rankle, roil, ruffle, thwart, torment, trouble, upset, vex

ANNUITY, noun  allotment, allowance, annua pecunia, annual allowance, earnings, income, pension, remuneration, retirement income, return, specified income payable for life, stipend, subsidy, subvention, yearly payment

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: annuity by a trust, annuity by will, annuity contract, annuity policy, antenuptial annuity, life insurance annuity, verifiable annuity

FOREIGN PHRASES: Annua nec debitum judex non separat ipsum.  A judge does not divide annuities nor debt.

ANNUL, verb  abnegate, abolere, abolish, abrogare, abrogate, annihilate, avoid, call back, cancel, cancel out, contradict, contravene, countermand, counterorder, deny, destroy, discontinue, disestablish, efface, end, expunge, exterminate, extinguish, invalidate, make illegal, make void, negate, nullify, obliterate, overrule, put an end to, recall, reduce to nothing, reduce to nought, relinquish, render null and void, render void, renege, repeal, repudiate, rescind, retract, reverse, revoke, set aside, solvere, strike out, supersede, terminate, unmake, vitiate, void, withdraw

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: annul a marriage, annul a statute, nolpros

ANNULMENT, noun  abolishment, abolition, abrogation, cancellation, contravention, decree of nullity, deletion, discontinuance, disestablishment, dissolution, effacement, invalidation, negation, nullification, obliteration, rasure, rescindment, retraction, reversal, revocation, revokement, undoing, vitiation, voidance

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: alimony, annulment of a marriage, dissolution of marriage, divorce, separation, voidable marriage

ANNUM, noun  age, annus, continuum of days, cycle, fifty-two weeks, full round of the seasons, period, time, twelve months, year

ANNUNCIATE, verb  advise, affirm, announce, apprise, assert, aver, communicate, convey, declare, dispatch news, disseminate, enunciate, explain, express, get across, get through, give notice, impart, inform, keep posted, make known, make known publicly, make proclamation, notify, pass on, pass on information, post, proclaim, profess, promulgate, pronounce, propound, publicize, publish, report, specify, state, tell, transmit

ANOMALOUS, adjective  aberrant, abnormal, anomalistic, atypical, awry, breaking with tradition, deranged, deviating from the common rule, deviative, disarranged, disjunct, dislocated, disordered, disorganized, divergent, eccentric, erratic, in disorder, in the wrong place, inconsistent, irregular, misplaced, nonstandard, nonuniform, not conforming to the usual, out of keeping, out of order, out of the ordinary, peculiar, solecistic, uncommon, unconventional, uncustomary, unnatural, unrepresentative, untypical, unusual

ANOMALY, noun  aberration, abnormality, amorphism, curiosity, departure, deviation, discrepancy, divergence, eccentricity, exception, incongruity, inconsistency, irregularity, monstrosity, nonconformity, oddity, peculiarity, quirk, singularity, subnormality, unconformity, unnaturalness, variance

ANONYMOUS, adjective  authorless, bearing no name, having no acknowledged name, incognito, innominate, nameless, of unknown authorship, secret, sine nomine, unacknowledged, unclaimed, undesignated, unidentified, unknown, unnamed, unsigned, unspecified, without a name, without the name of the author

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: anonymous donor

ANSWER (Judicial response), noun  confutation, contradictory evidence, countercharge, counterclaim, counterevidence, counterreply, counterstatement, defense, denial, legal argument, negation, negative evidence, official reply, opposite evidence, plea, plea in rebuttal, rebuttal, rebutting evidence, recrimination, refutation, rejoinder, replication, reply to a charge, surrebuttal, surrebutter, surrejoinder

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: amended answer, appearance by an answer, frivolous answer, general appearance, notice of appearance, responsive answer, sham answer, supplemental answer

FOREIGN PHRASES: Ambigua responsio contra proferentem est accipienda.  An ambiguous answer is to be taken against him who offers it.

ANSWER (Reply), noun  acknowledgment, denial, negation, reaction, rebuttal, refutal, rejoinder, repartee, replication, respondence, response, retort, return, riposte

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: argumentative answer, irrelevant answer, nonresponsive answer, responsive answer

ANSWER (Solution), noun cause, elucidation, explanation, finding, outcome, reason, resolution, result, revelation, verdict

ANSWER (Be responsible), verb  be accountable, be answerable, be bound, be chargeable, be compelled, be liable, be obligated, be obliged, be subject, be surety, be under legal obligation, undertake responsibility

ANSWER (Reply), verb  acknowledge, act in response to, be responsive, confute, contend, contest, contradict, contravene, controvert, counter, counterclaim, debate, defeat, defend, deny, disclaim, disprove, dispute, forswear, impugn, make a rejoinder, oppose, oppugn, plead, rebut, refute, rejoin, repudiate, rescribere, respond, retaliate, retort, return, riposte, say in reply, se defendere, traverse

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: answer in the alternative, argumentative answer

ANSWER (Respond legally), verb  contest, controvert, counterblast, countercharge, counterclaim, defend, plead, rebut, recriminate, rejoin, reply, surrejoin

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: appearance by an answer, argumentative answer, supplemental answer

ANSWER FOR (Act for), verb  act on behalf of, appear for, be accepted for, be attorney for, be proxy for, be regarded as, be responsible for, be taken as, be the equivalent of, count for, front for, go as, pass as, pass for, represent, serve as, stand for, stand in place for, stand in place of, substitute for, take responsibility for, take the blame

ANSWER FOR (Sponsor), verb  champion, commit, contract, defend, endorse, ensure, favor, guarantee, indemnify, insure, promote, protect, support, sustain, undertake, uphold

ANTAGONISM, noun  adversity, animosity, animus, antipathy, bad blood, belligerence, bitterness, combativeness, conflict, contrariness, controversy, disaffection, discord, discordance, dissent, dissonance, estrangement, friction, hatred, hostility, inhospitableness, jaundice, loathing, malice, malignancy, pugnacity, rancor, strife, vendetta, venom, vindictiveness, virulence, vitriol

ANTAGONIZE, verb  act in opposition to, aggress, alienate, cause dislike, cause offense, cause umbrage, compete with, conflict with, contend against, counteract, cross, destroy good will, disaffect, displease, embitter, envenom, estrange, excite hate, go against, incur the hostility of, irritate, make an antagonist of, make unfriendly, offend, oppose, provoke, render inimical, repel, rival, run counter to, set against, set at odds, show ill will, spite, take issue with, take one’s stand against, turn against, work against

ANTECEDE, verb  antedate, forerun, go before, have precedence, precede, predate, prevene

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: ancestor, antecedent creditor, antecedent debt, antecedent encumbrance, antecedent fraud, antecedent promise

ANTECEDENT, adjective  antecedens, anterior, earlier, first, fore, foregoing, forerunning, former, going before in time, inaugural, introductory, precedent, preceding, precursive, precursory, preexistent, prefatory, preliminary, prelusive, preparatory, prevenient, previous, prior

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: antecedent creditors, antecedent debt, preexisting debts, preexisting liabilities

ANTECEDENT, noun  ancestor, ancestry, before mentioned, derivation, forerunner, former, last, lineage, original, patriarch, pedigree, pioneer, precedent, precursor, predecessor, preliminary, premise, primogenitor, progenitor, stock

ANTEDATE, verb  affix an earlier date, anachronize, assign to an earlier date, date back, date before the true date, date before the true time, date earlier than the fact, foredate, predate, set an earlier date, transfer to an earlier date

ANTENUPTIAL AGREEMENT, noun  agreement before marriage, concord before marriage, contract before marriage, legal arrangement before marriage, pact before marriage, understanding before marriage

ANTICIPATE (Expect), verb  antevertere, assume, be ready for, calculate on, consider in advance, contemplate, count on, forearm, get the start on, guard against, have in prospect, hold in view, intuit, make preparations, plan on, preconceive, predispose, prepare for, suppose, surmise, wait for

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: anticipated profits, anticipating defenses, anticipation notes, anticipatory breach, anticipatory repudiation, anticipatory warrant, duty to anticipate in negligence

ANTICIPATE (Prognosticate), verb  announce in advance, augur, auspicate, betoken, conjecture, divine, forebode, forecast, foreknow, foreshow, forespeak, harbinger, have a presentiment, herald, look forward to, omen, portend, praevertere, preannounce, precognize, predetermine, predict, premonish, presage, prophesy, vaticinate

ANTICIPATION (Expectation), noun  apprehension, contemplation, divination, forecast, foreseeing, foresight, imminence, insight, intuition, preconception, prediction, preparation, prescience, presentiment, prolepsis, second sight

ANTICIPATION (Likelihood), noun  contemplation, expectancy, foreboding, forecast, hope, outlook, possibility, preconception, preoccupation, presumption, prevision, probability, prospect

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: anticipation of income, anticipation of injuries

ANTIPATHETIC (Distasteful), adjective  abhorrent, bitter, disagreeable, disgusting, displeasing, hateful, loathsome, odious, offensive, repellent, repugnant, repulsive, undesirable, uninviting, unsatisfactory, virulent

ANTIPATHETIC (Oppositional), adjective  adverse, alien, alienated, antagonistic, antipodean, antithetic, antithetical, at cross-purposes, averse, conflicting, constitutionally opposed, contradictory, contradistinct, contrapositive, contrary, contrasted, converse, counter, diametrically opposite, having a natural contrariety, inimical, negatory, opposed, opposing, opposite, oppositive, oppugnant, resistant, reverse, unfriendly, unpropitious

ANTIPATHY, noun  abhorrence, abomination, alienation, anathema, animosity, antagonism, antipode, aversion, clashing, collision, conflict, contradiction, contrariness, detestation, deviation, difference, disagreement, disapprobation, disfavor, disgust, disinclination, dislike, enmity, execration, hatred, horror, hostility, ill will, incompatibility, inimicalness, loathing, malice, odium, opposition, rancor, reluctance, repugnance, repulsion, unfriendliness

ANTIPODE, noun  absolute difference, adverseness, adversus, antimony, antipathy, antipodes, antipole, antithesis, collision, conflict, contradiction, contradistinction, contraindication, contraposition, contrariety, contrariness, contrary, contrast, converse, counteraction, countermeaning, counterpart, counterpole, direct opposite, disagreement, inconsistency, inverse, inversion, negation, obverse, opposite, opposite extreme, opposite pole, opposite side, oppositeness, opposition, other extreme, polarity, repugnance, reverse, vis-à-vis

ANTIQUATED, adjective  aged, anachronistic, ancient, antediluvian, antique, archaic, disused, fossilized, moribund, obsolescent, obsolete, old, olden, old-fashioned, ossified, outdated, outmoded, out-of-date, outworn, passé, prehistoric, primitive, quaint, retired, rundown, superannuated, timeworn, unfashionable

ANTIQUE, adjective  ancient, antedeluvian, archaic, bygone, old, old-fashioned, older, superannuated, timeworn, venerable

ANTITHESIS, noun  absolute difference, adverseness, antipode, balanced contrast, conflict, contentio, contradiction, contradistinction, contraposition, contrariety, contrarium, contrary, contrast, converse, counterpart, counterpole, direct opposite, disagreement, divergence, incompatibility, inverse, irreconcilability, mutual exclusiveness, opposite, opposite pole, opposition, other extreme, polarity, reverse, strong contrast

ANTITHETICAL, adjective  adverse, alien, antipathetic, antipodal, clashing, conflicting, contradictory, contrarian, contrary, controverted, converse, counter, cross, diametric, diametrical, diametrically opposed, disparate, dissident, dissimilar, divergent, inconsistent, inimical, inverse, obverse, opposed, opposite, polar, polarized, unlike

ANTITRUST ACT, noun  against fair trade, against free commerce, against free mercantilism, against free trade, against open business, against open markets, contrary to good business

ANXIETY, noun  agitation, alarm, angst, anguish, anxiousness, apprehension, concern, consternation, desperation, discomfort, discomposure, dismay, disquiet, disquietude, distraction, doubt, dread, edginess, fear, hysteria, jitters, jumpiness, misgiving, nervousness, panic, presentiment, restlessness, solicitude, strain, stress, suspense, tension, uncertainty, uneasiness, vexation, worry

ANXIOUS, adjective  afraid, aggrieved, antsy, apprehensive, bothered, concerned, disquieted, distraught, distressed, disturbed, eager, edgy, expectant, fearful, fluttery, fretful, hypertensive, ill at ease, insecure, jittery, jumpy, nervous, overwrought, panicky, perturbed, restless, shaky, shook-up, skittish, solicitous, stressed, stressed out, tense, troubled, uncomfortable, undone, uneasy, unglued, unnerved, unquiet, unstrung, upset, uptight, vexed, worried

APART, adjective  alien, alone, asunder, detached, disconnected, disengaged, disjoined, disjoint, disjointed, disjunct, disrelated, dissociated, distare, disunited, diversus, foreign, having independent qualities, having unique features, having unique qualities, independent, irrelative, isolated, no relation, removed, separare, separate, separated, solo, solus, unaffiliated, unallied, unassociated, unattached, unconnected, unjoined

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: living apart

APARTMENT, noun  home, place of residence, premises, residence

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: condominium, cooperative apartment

APATHETIC, adjective  aloof, bored, callous, careless, casual, cold, cold-blooded, cursory, disinterested, dragging, dull, frigid, heartless, heedless, impassive, inactive, inattentive, incurious, indifferent, indolent, inert, inexpressive, insensible, insentient, insouciant, lackadaisical, languid, lax, lethargic, lifeless, listless, lukewarm, nonchalant, obtuse, otiose, passionless, passive, perfunctory, phlegmatic, sluggish, soulless, spiritless, stoical, stolid, stony, supine, torpid, unaffected, unanimated, unemotional, unenthusiastic, unfeeling, unimpassioned, uninquisitive, uninterested, unmoved, unsusceptible

APLOMB, noun  assurance, backbone, balance, boldness, calmness, composure, confidence, constancy, correctness, decorum, demeanor, deportment, dignity, elegance, equanimity, equilibrium, grit, intrepidity, levelheadedness, poise, presence of mind, resolution, restraint, security, self-possession, self-reliance, solidity, stability, stature, steadiness

APOLOGIST, noun  advocate, arguer in defense, champion, defender, defensor, disputant, excuser, exponent, expositer, expounder, favorer, justifier, pleader, proponent, protector, supporter, upholder

APOLOGY, noun  acknowledgment, admission, amends, atonement, concession, defense, explanation, expression of remorse, mitigation, regret, sorrow

APPALLING, adjective  abhorrent, abominable, atrocious, beneath contempt, contemptible, deplorable, despicable, detestable, dreadful, foul, frightening, frightful, ghastly, ghoulish, gruesome, harrowing, hateful, heinous, horrendous, horrid, horrifying, loathsome, obnoxious, odious, offensive, outrageous, pathetic, pitiful, repellent, reprehensible, repulsive, revolting, shameful, shocking, terrible, terrifying, unspeakable, vile, villainous

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: appalling conduct, contempt of court, harassment

APPARENT (Perceptible), adjective  able to be seen, clear, conspicuous, definite, detectable, discernible, distinct, easily seen, evident, explicit, exposed, express, fictus, identifiable, in sight, in view, indubitable, known, manifest, manifestus, noticeable, notorious, obvious, open, open to view, overt, palpable, patent, perceivable, plain, real, recognizable, self-evident, showing, species, tangible, uncovered, undisguised, videor, viewable, visible

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: apparent ability, apparent agency, apparent authority, apparent cause, apparent danger, apparent defect, apparent easement, apparent from the record, apparent necessity, apparent ownership, apparent partnership, apparent risk, apparent scope of authority, apparent use

APPARENT (Presumptive), adjective  appearing, assumptive, conjectural, contemplated, evidential, expected, hopeful, intended, likely, logical, manifest, ostensible, plausible, premised, presumable, probable, proposed, propositional, prospective, seeming, suggestive, supposable, supposed, suppositional, suppositionary, suppositive, taken for granted, to be supposed

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: apparent heir, apparent validity

FOREIGN PHRASES: Quod constat clare non debet verificari.  What is clearly apparent is not required to be proved. Quod constat curiae opere testium non indiget. That which appears to the court needs not the help of witnesses.

APPEAL, noun  appellate review, appellatio, application for retrial, application for review by a higher tribunal, bid, complaint to a superior court, obtestatio, petition, reconsideration, recourse to some higher power, reexamination, rehearing, reopening, request for another decision, request for retrial, request for review, resort to superior authority, retrial, review

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: appellate courts, appellate jurisdiction, certiorari

FOREIGN PHRASES: De fide et officio judicis non recipitur quaestio, sed de scientia, sive sit error juris, sive facti.  The good faith and honesty of a judge are not to be questioned, but his knowledge, whether it be in error of law or fact, may be.

APPEAL, verb  appelare, apply for a reexamination of a case, apply for a retrial, apply for a review of a case to a higher tribunal, bid, bring new evidence, claim, consider again with a view to a change or action, contest, contest a case by asking for review, homini placere, obsecrare, reconsider, reexamine, refer to, rehear, reopen, request another decision, request reexamination, request reopening of a case, retry, review, seek reexamination, seek reference of a case from one court to another, seek review of a case, sue

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: appeal as a matter of right, appeal bond, appeal in forma pauperis, appealable interest, appealable judgment, appealable order, appealed from an order of the court, discretionary appeal, perfect on appeal

APPEAL ON THE MERITS, noun  appeal for reconsideration to a higher court, appeal for review by a higher tribunal, appeal on the law, challenge on the merits to a lower court’s decision, challenge to the legal rationale of a lower court, challenge to the legal reasoning of the lower court, remedy for an improper decision, remedy for an improper judgment, request for fairness, request for justice, request for legal redress, request for review, review

APPEAR (Attend court proceedings), verb  adesse, answer, be in attendance, be manifest, be present, be present to answer, come formally before a tribunal, come into court, comparere, enter an appearance, in iudicium venire, make an appearance, present an answer, present oneself, put in an appearance, submit oneself to

FOREIGN PHRASES: Idem est non esse, et non apparere.  Not to exist is the same thing as not to appear.

APPEAR (Materialize), verb  apparere, arise, be in sight, be manifest, become visible, come into sight, come into view, come to light, conspici, manifest itself, occur, present to the view

APPEAR (Seem to be), verb  be patent, convey the impression, create the impression, give the effect, give the impression, have a certain semblance, have every indication, look, look as if, present the appearance, resemble, seem like, strike one as being, take on the aspect, take on the manner, videri, wear the aspect

APPEARANCE (Coming into court), noun  answer, entrance in a case, presence in court, response to an action, submission to a court’s jurisdiction

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: compulsory appearance, general appearance, limited appearance, special appearance, specific appearance, voluntary appearance

APPEARANCE (Emergence), noun  adventus, arrival into view, coming, evincement, introduction, manifestation, occurrence, rise

APPEARANCE (Look), noun  air, aspect, aspectus, complexion, demeanor, embodiment, external aspect, face, form, guise, likeness, manner, mien, outward look, outward show, personal presence, physiognomy, posture, pretense, rem simulare, show, sight, species

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: appearance of authority, appearance of validity

APPEASE, verb  allay, alleviate, ameliorate, assuage, calm, capitulate, cater to, coddle, comfort, compose, conciliate, console, content, disarm, give in, gratify, indulge, ingratiate, meliorate, mollify, pacify, placate, please, propitiate, rectify, satiate, soften, soothe, subdue, temper, tranquilize

APPEASEMENT, noun  accommodation, adjustment, allayment, amends, assuagement, calming, conciliation, deadening, détente, dulcification, dulling, mitigation, mollification, pacification, placation, propitiation, rapprochement, reconcilement, reconciliation, salving, satisfaction, softening, soothing, submission, tranquilization

APPELLANT, noun  aggrieved party, appealer, appellator, contender, delator, litigant, objector, party, party to a suit, petitioner, suitor

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: appellee, respondant

APPELLATE COURT, noun  court of appellate jurisdiction, court of review, higher court, senior court

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: appellate division, appellate jurisdiction, appellate term

APPELLATION, noun  alias, appellative, assumed name, call, calling, characterization, cognomen, definition, denomination, description, designation, eponym, identification, label, moniker, name, namesake, nickname, nomenclature, nomination, patronym, pen name, pseudonym, sobriquet, style, surname, term, title

APPEND, verb  add, addere, adiungere, affix, annex, attach, augment, conjoin, connect, extend, fasten, include, insert, join, subjoin, supplement

APPENDIX (Accession), noun  accessory, additament, adiungere, annexation, appendage, attachment, complement, extension, inclusion, insertion, pendant

APPENDIX (Supplement), noun  accessio, addendum, addere, addition, adjunct, appendage, attachment, codicil, continuation, excursus, rider

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: pocket part

APPERCEPTION, noun  acumen, appreciation, astuteness, awareness, cognition, cognizance, conception, discernment, foresight, insight, intellect, judgment, knowledge, mentality, penetration, perception, perspicacity, psyche, realization, reason, reasoning power, recognition, sagacity, sense, understanding

APPERTAIN, verb affect, allude to, apply to, associate, be akin, be applicable, be characteristic of, be concerned with, be congruent, be connected with, be dependent upon, be incident to, be intrinsic, be part of, be pertinent, bear on, belong as a part, belong as an attribute, concern, deal with, depend upon, have reference, have relation, inhere, interest, involve, link, pertain, refer, regard, relate, touch

APPLIANCE, noun  accessory, adjunct, apparatus, appurtenance, attachment, commodity, contrivance, convenience, device, equipment, facility, implement, instrument, instrumentum, labor-saving device, machine, means, mechanism, piece of apparatus, precision tool, tool, utensil, utility

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: fixtures

APPLICABILITY, noun  adequacy, application, apposition, aptitude, aptness, availability, efficacy, efficiency, expediency, felicity, pertinence, practicability, propriety, qualification, regard, relativity, relevancy, serviceability, usability, usefulness, utility, utilizability

APPLICABLE, adjective  à propos, acceptable, adaptable, adapted to, appertaining, appliable, appropriate, apt, befit, befitting, belonging, fit, fitting, germane, pertinent, proper, relevant, right, sortable, suitable, to the point, usable, useful, utilizable

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: applicable law, applicable local law

APPLICANT (Candidate), noun  aspirant, bidder, candidate under consideration, entrant, inquirer

APPLICANT (Petitioner), noun  claimant, moveant, party, petitioner, solicitant

APPLICATION, noun  advancement, bid, motion, petitio, petition, presentation, proposal, proposition, request, requisition, requisition to the court, submission

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: application duly made, application for a change of venue, application for a discharge, application for a review, application for adjournment, application of payments, application to the court, insurance application, motion

FOREIGN PHRASES: Contemporanea expositio est optima et fortissima in lege.  A contemporaneous construction is the best and strongest in the law.

APPLY (Pertain), verb  affect, be applicable, be concerned with, be connected with, be pertinent, be proper to, be relevant, bear upon, belong to, concern, deal with, have a connection to, have bearing on, have reference, have relation, involve, pertinere ad, refer, regard, relate, touch

APPLY (Put in practice), verb  adapt, adjust, admovere, adopt, carry out, convert to use, employ, execute, exercise, exert, put in action, put in operation, put to use, use, utilize

APPLY (Request), verb  ad hominem confugere, ask, hominem adire, make formal request, petition, pray, seek, solicit

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: motion

APPOINT, verb  approve, assign, authorize, charge, charter, choose, commission, confirm, constituere, create, delegate, depute, designate, destinare, dicere, direct, employ, empower, engage, enlist, entrust, establish, facere, give a mandate, license, name, pick, pick out, proclaim, require, sanction, select

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: appoint to fill a vacancy, appoint under a will, appointing officer, appointing power, appointive office, public officers

APPOINTED COUNSEL, noun  appointed attorney, appointed cocounsel, appointed counsel, appointed counsel representing a party, appointed legal adversary, appointed legal counsel, appointed legal opponent, appointed legal representative, appointed litigating attorney, appointed litigating counsel, appointed litigation attorney, appointed litigation counsel, appointed litigator

APPOINTMENT (Act of designating), noun  allocation, allotment, assignment, authorization, certification, charter, choice, decree, delegation, deputation, designation to office, dispensation, distribution, installation, naming, nomination, order, ordination, placing in office, requirement, selection

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: agency, delegation, limited power of appointment

APPOINTMENT (Meeting), noun  agreement as to time and place of meeting, date, engagement, interview, rendezvous, tryst, visit

APPOINTMENT (Position), noun  capacity, chargeship, employment, function, incumbency, job, living, occupation, office, post, profession, sphere of occupation, station, undertaking, vocation, work

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: agency, authority

APPORTION, verb  administer, adsignare, allocate, allot, assign, assort, award, carve up, classify, deal out, delimit, demarcate, dispense, dispertire, disseminate, distribuere, distribute, distribute proportionately, divide, divide according to rule, divide into shares, divide proportionately, divide up, dole out, measure out, mete, mete out, parcel out, partition, place in order, portion out, portion out equitably, prorate, set in order, share, split, subdivide

APPORTIONED, adjective  administered, allocated, allotted, appropriated, assigned, carved up, dealt, dispensed, distributed, divided, divvied up, doled out, measured, meted, parceled out, portioned, proportioned, pro rata, prorated, rationed, split up

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: apportioning assessment, apportioning compensation, apportioning damages, apportioning liability, apportioning taxes

APPORTIONMENT, noun  administration, allocation, allotment, allowance, assignment, assignment in proportion, consignment, disposition, distribution, division, division in proportion, doling out, issuance, just division, measuring out, meting out, partition, partitionment, proportionment

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: apportionment of blame, apportionment of damages, apportionment of liability, apportionment of taxes, comparative negligence, doctrine of apportionment, pro tanto

APPOSITE, adjective  accordant, ad rem, adapted, affiliated, affinitive, allied, applicable, applying to, appropriate, appurtenant, apropos, apt, associated, associative, bearing upon, befitting, belonging to, cognate, comparable, compatible, congeneric, congenerous, congenial, connatural, connected, consistent, consonant, correlated, correlative, correspondent, corresponding, fit, fitting, germane, in accordance with, in conjunction with, in loco, in relation with, pertinent, reconcilable, relating to, relative, relevant, seasonable, suitable, suited, timely, to the point, to the purpose, well-adapted, with reference to

APPOSITION, noun  abutment, abuttal, adjacency, admissibility, affiliation, applicability, application, appropriateness, aptitude, aptness, bearing, concern, conjunction, connection, contiguity, felicity, fitness, function, interconnection, interest, junction, juxtaposition, mutual relation, nearness, pertinence, placing, propinquity, propriety, proximity, reference, regard, relation, relativeness, relativity, relevance, respect, side by side, state of suitability, union

APPRAISAL, noun  appraisement, assessment, calculation, computation, determination, estimate, estimated value, estimation, evaluation, examination, fixing a price, measurement, quantification, reckoning, setting a price, setting the value, survey, valuation

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: appraisal at actual value, appraisal at estimated value, appraisal at market value, appraisal value

APPRAISE, verb  appreciate, assess, balance, calculate, compare, conjecture, consider, diagnose, differentiate, discriminate, distinguish, estimate, evaluate, excise, fathom, gauge, judge, measure, opine, ponder, price, rank, rate, reckon, size up, sort out, sound, sum up, survey, take stock, value, weigh

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: appraise value of property, criminal record, misconduct

APPRECIABLE, adjective  appraisable, ascertainable, assessable, calculable, capable of being perceived, cognizable, computable, concrete, considerable, conspicuous, countable, detectable, determinable, discernible, discoverable, distinguishable, estimable, evident, fathomable, gaugeable, knowable, manifest, material, measurable, mensurable, mensural, meterable, notable, noticeable, observable, palpable, patent, perceivable, perceptible, perspicuous, ponderable, prominent, recognizable, seeable, sizable, substantial, substantive, surveyable, tangible, visible, weighable

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: appreciable damages, appreciable losses

APPRECIATE (Comprehend), verb  acknowledge, apprehend, be aware of, be cognizant of, be conscious of, conceive, discern, know, notice, perceive, realize, recognize, take into consideration, take notice, understand

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: appreciate a risk, appreciate the danger

APPRECIATE (Increase), verb  advance, become greater, become more numerous, become of greater value, enhance the degree of, gain in worth, grow in value, improve, increase the market price of, make of greater value, rise, rise in value

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: appreciate in value

APPRECIATE (Value), verb  adequately perceive, aestimare, esteem, perceive the worth of, realize the worth of, recognize the worth of

APPRECIATION (Increased value), noun  accrual, accruement, accumulation, added monetary worth, addition, advance in worth, gain, gain in worth, growth, growth in value, increase, increased price, increment, realization, rise, rise in value

APPRECIATION (Perception), noun  apperception, appraisal, appraisment, assessment, awareness, clear perception, cognition, cognizance, comprehension, consciousness, correct valuation, discernment, estimation, full appraisal, just estimation, measurement, recognition, valuation

APPREHEND (Arrest), verb  capture, catch, commit, comprehendere, confine, constrain, detain, detain by legal process, fetter, hold, legally restrain, place under arrest, put in restraint, put under arrest, restrain, seize, send to prison, take, take by authority, take captive, take into custody, take prisoner

APPREHEND (Perceive), verb  appreciate, be acquainted with, be apprized of, be aware of, be cognizant of, be conscious of, be under the impression, become aware of, cognize, come to know, comprehend, comprehendere, conceive of, detect, discern, discover by observation, fathom, have an impression, have an understanding of, have cognizance of, have knowledge of, ken, know entirely, know of, know well, learn, master, realize, recognize, regard as, see, sense, surmise, understand, view

APPREHENSIBLE, adjective  accountable, cognizable, coherent, comprehensible, conceivable, discoverable, explicable, fathomable, intelligible, knowable, penetrable, perceivable, perceptive, realizable, recognizable, scrutable, understandable, unmistakable

APPREHENSION (Act of arresting), noun  arrest, caption, capture, catch, confinement, detention, holding in custody, imprisonment, incarceration, internment, restraint, retention, seizure, taking, taking hold

APPREHENSION (Fear), noun  agitation, alarm, anticipation of adversity, anxiety, apprehensiveness, care, concern, consternation, distrust, foreboding, misdoubt, misgiving, mistrust, overanxiety, perturbation, phobia, presentiment, qualm, sense of danger, suspicion, threat, trepidation, uneasiness, worry

APPREHENSION (Perception), noun  cognition, cognizance, comprehension, conception, discernment, grasp, idea, image, impression, intellection, judgment, knowledge, mastery, mental capacity, notion, observation, opinion, recognition, reflection, sense, thought, understanding, view

APPREHENSIVE, adjective  afraid, agitated, alarmed, anticipative of evil, anxious, aware, bothered, cognizant, concerned, conscious, disquieted, distrustful, expectant, fearful, hesitant, leery, mindful, mistrustful, nervous, perceptive, pusillanimous, qualmish, qualmy, sagacious, shrewd, solicitous, suspicious, terrified, timid, tremulous, troubled, uneasy, vigilant, wise, worried

APPRENTICE, noun  beginner, learner, novice, novitiate, probationer, worker

APPRISE, verb  acquaint, advise, alert, announce, brief, communicate, convey knowledge, counsel, describe, disclose, divulge, enlighten, familiarize, give information, give notice, impart knowledge, inform, instruct, let know, make aware, make cognizant, make known, notify, orient, point out, publish, report, reveal, tell, warn

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: apprise of the facts

APPROACH, verb  accedere, accost, advance, adventare, appropinquare, be in proximity, be in sight of, be in the neighborhood of, be in the vicinity of, be near, come forward, come near, confront, converge upon, draw near, edge close to, get near, go near, move near, move toward, pursue, stalk, step up to, verge on

APPROACHES, noun  accesses, avenues, channels, entrances, entranceways, entryways, gates, highways, ingresses, inlets, intakes, means of access, passages, routes, ways

APPROBATE, verb accept, accredit, acquiesce, admire, adopt, advocate, agree with, applaud, approve, assent, authorize, back, commend, concur, confirm, consent, countenance, endorse, esteem, favor, laud, license, pass, praise, prize, ratify, recognize, recommend, salute, sanction, support, validate, value

APPROBATION, noun  acceptance, acclamation, acquiescence, admiration, adoption, advocacy, agreement, applause, appreciation, approval, assent, attestation, commendation, compliment, concurrence, congratulation, consent, countenance, encomium, encouragement, endorsement, esteem, eulogy, honor, laudation, leave, license, mention, permit, praise, ratification, recognition, recommendation, regard, respect, sanction, satisfaction, support

APPROPRIATE, adjective  accommodatus, accordant, accurate, adapted to, admissible, applicable, apposite, apropos, apt, aptus, befitting, concordant, condign, conformable, congruens, congruous, consistent, consonant, correct, correspondent, exact, expedient, fine, fit, fitting, germane, good, harmonious, likely, meet, opportune, pertinent, practicable, precise, proper, relevant, right, rightful, seemly, suitable, suited, timely, well-suited

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: appropriate bargaining unit, appropriate cause of action, appropriate remedy

APPROPRIATE, verb  acquire, adopt, annex, arrogate, assume, assume ownership, borrow, capture, claim, possess, take, take over

APPROPRIATION (Allotment), noun  allocation, allowance, apportionment, budget, budgeting, concession, designation of use, dispensation, distribution, setting apart

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: appropriation bill, appropriation for public use, appropriation of money, budgetary appropriation

APPROPRIATION (Donation), noun  benefaction, bestowal, contribution, disbursement, endowment, funding, gift, grant, guerdon, meed, sponsorship

APPROPRIATION (Taking), noun  accroachment, acquisition, adoption, annexation, apprehension, assumption, capture, confiscation, conversion, dispossession, disseisin, divestment, expropriation, impoundment, impropriation, seizure, snatching, taking possession

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: appropriation from revenues, appropriation of land, appropriation of payment

APPROVAL, noun  acceptance, accord, acknowledgment, acquiescence, adoption, affirmance, affirmation, agreement, allowance, approbatio, approbation, assent, assurance, authentication, authorization, comprobatio, concordance, concurrence, confirmation, consent, countenance, encouragement, endorsement, expression of satisfaction, favor, license, nod of approbation, permit, ratification, recognition, sanction, support, toleration, validation, verification

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: acceptance by a bank, approved endorsed note, sale on approval

FOREIGN PHRASES: Qui non improbat, approbat.  He who does not disapprove, approves. Quod approbo non reprobo. That which I approve I do not later reject.

APPROVE, verb  accede to, accept, acquiesce in, adopt, advocate, affirm, agree to, allow, approbare, approbate, assent to, authenticate, authorize, be in favor of, be satisfied with, certify, comprobare, concur in, confirm, consent to, countenance, endorse, favor, make valid, probare, ratify, sanction, second, support, sustain, uphold, validate

APPROVED (Agreed), adjective  acknowledged, admitted, allowable, allowed, arranged, completed, contracted for, decided, eligible, formal, meritorious, permissible, settled, stipulated

APPROVED (Authoritative), adjective  accepted, accredited, authentic, authoritative, conceded, conventional, established, fixed, granted, legal, official, prescriptive, proper, right, standard, unimpeachable, warranted

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: approve a claim, approve a public contract, approve a stipulation, approve a transcript, approved adoption, approved the findings of the court, settle on order

APPROXIMATE, adjective  alike, almost, approaching, close, comparable, estimated, imprecise, in the vicinity of, inexact, like, much the same, nearly accurate, nearly correct, nearly equal, nearly perfect, nearly resembling, nigh, not perfectly accurate, propinquus, proximal, proximate, similar, surmised, uncertain, unprecise

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: approximate value

APPROXIMATE, verb  accedere ad, advance near to, approach, approach closely, approach in amount, be in the vicinity of, be near, border on, closely resemble, come close in estimation, come close to, come near, come near in position, compare with, draw near, nearly equal, nearly rival, resemble

APPROXIMATION, noun  approach, calculation, computation, contiguity, correspondence, estimate, estimation, inexactitude, inexactness, interpolation, likeness, measure, nearness, neighborhood, parity, propinquity, proximity, reckoning, resemblance, rough closeness, rough equivalent, sameness, semblance, similitude, tally, unpreciseness, vicinity

APPURTENANCE, noun  accession, accessory, accompaniment, addendum, additament, addition, adjunct, annex, annexation, annexe, appanage, appendage, appendant, appendix, attachment, auxiliary, concomitant, dependency, extension, incidental, pendant, something added, subsidiary, supplement

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: accession, appurtenance to realty, appurtenant right, conveyance of property, covenants, deeds of conveyance, easement appurtenant, easements, fixture

APPURTENANT, adjective  accessory, adjunct, ancillary, annexed, appended, appertaining, attached, auxiliary, belonging, connected, dependent on, incident, necessarily connected, subsidiary, used with another thing

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: appurtenant passage of air, appurtenant passage of light, appurtenant to land, appurtenant watercourse, causa rei, dominant land, servient land

APROPOS, adjective  akin, applicable, apposite, appropriate, apt, belonging, concerning, connected, felicitous, fit, germane, linked, pertaining to, pertinent, related, relevant, suitable

APT (Appropriate), adjective  applicable, apposite, appropriate, apropos, artful, comely, concordant, congruous, consonant, correct, deft, expedient, expert, felicitous, fit, germane, given to, harmonious, inclined, liable, likely, opportune, pertinent, practiced, presumable, probable, prone, proper, qualified, quick, ready, relative, relevant, resourceful, right, seemly, subject to, subtle, suitable, timely, verisimilar, viable, well-chosen

APT (Gifted), adjective  able, accomplished, adroit, alert, bright, clever, competent, dexterous, expert, fitted, gifted, handy, proficient, sharp, skillful, smart

APTITUDE, noun  ability, applicability, bent, endowment, faculty, fitness, flair, gift, inclination, innate ability, intelligence, learning, propensity, propriety, suitability, talent, tendency

ARBITER, noun  adjudicator, advisor, arbiter, arbitrator, determiner, disceptator, final authority, interagent, interceder, intercessor, intermediary, intermediate, intermediator, intervener, mediator, moderator, negotiant, negotiator, prescriber, recommender, reconciler, referee

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: arbitrament, final arbiter

ARBITRARY, adjective  according to desires, capricious, contrary to reason, determined by no principle, done at pleasure, fanciful, illogical, independent of law, independent of rule, infinitus, injudicious, irrational, libidinosus, nonrational, perverse, unaccountable, unjustified, unreasonable, unreasoned, without adequate determining principle, without consideration, without reason, without substantial cause

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: arbitrary act, arbitrary action, arbitrary and capricious, arbitrary classification, arbitrary determination, arbitrary standards, arbitrary verdict

ARBITRARY AND CAPRICIOUS, adjective  absolute, authoritative, baseless, dictatorial, dogmatic, fanciful, groundless, impetuous, motiveless, purposeless, restrictive, unduly, whimsical, willful

ARBITRATE (Adjudge), verb  adjudicate, arrange, arrive at a conclusion, ascertain after reasoning, assess, conciliate, decide, decide between opposing parties, decree, decree authoritatively, determine, determine a controversy, determine a point at issue, dijudicare, end by a decision, fix conclusively, give judgment, judge, judicate, lead to a decision, make a decision, mete out, order, pass judgment, pronounce formally, pronounce judgment, resolve, rule, settle, settle by authoritative decision, sit in judgment

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: mediate

ARBITRATE (Conciliate), verb  accord, adjust differences, arrange, bring into agreement, bring into harmony, bring to terms, bring together, disceptare, harmonize, intercede, intervene, make compatible, make peace between, moderate, negotiate, prevail with, propitiate, put in accord, reconcile, referee, regulate, render compatible, render concordant, render no longer opposed, restore harmony, settle, settle differences

ARBITRATION, noun  adjudgment, adjustment, apportionment, appraisal, arbitrage, arbitrium, assessment, conciliation, decision, decree, determining of a controversy, finding, intercession, interjacence, intermediation, interposition, intervention, judgment, rapprochement, resolution, settlement

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: advisory arbitration, arbitrability, arbitration agreement, arbitration and award, arbitration award, arbitration clause, arbitration provision, arbitrators, binding arbitration, compulsory arbitration, grievance arbitration, interest arbitration, proceeding to confirm arbitration award, voluntary arbitration

ARBITRATOR, noun  adjudicator, arbiter, determiner, disceptator, interagent, interceder, intercessor, intermediary, intermediate, intervenor, interventionist, judicator, moderator, negotiant, negotiator, reconciler, referee, referendary, ruler

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: arbitration and award, arbitrator’s authority, arbitrator’s award, board of arbitrators, scope of arbitrator’s authority

ARCANE, adjective  esoteric, incomprehensible, inexplicable, inscrutable, mysterious, recondite, unaccountable, unfathomable, unintelligible, unrecognizable

ARCHAIC, adjective  ancient, antediluvian, antiquated, extinct, fossilized, medieval, obsolescent, obsolete, old, old-fashioned, old-world, outdated, outmoded, passé, prehistoric, primitive, superannuated, timeworn

ARCHITECT, noun  architectus, artificer, author, begetter, builder, composer, constructor, contriver, creator, designer, deviser, draftsman, enterpriser, founder, framer, generator, introducer, inventor, maker, organizer, originator, planner, prime mover, projector, schemer

ARDENT, adjective  active, ambitious, animated, aspiring, assiduous, burning, devoted, eager, earnest, enthusiastic, excitable, excited, fanatical, fervent, fervid, feverish, fierce, fiery, glowing, hearty, heated, high-spirited, impassioned, impatient, impetuous, industrious, inflamed, intense, intensive, intent, keen, passionate, ready, sedulous, serious, sincere, spirited, true, vehement, zealous

ARDOR, noun  ardency, ardor, drive, eagerness, effusiveness, élan, emotion, energy, enthusiasm, excitation of feelings, excitement, exhilaration, fanaticism, fervency, fervidness, fervor, feverishness, fire, force, forcefulness, furor, impassionedness, intense desire, liveliness, magniloquence, passion, passionateness, perfervor, spirit, state of excitability, studium, verve, vigor, vigorousness, vitality, vivacity, warmth of feeling, zeal

ARDUOUS, adjective  backbreaking, burdensome, difficult, exhausting, fatiguing, formidable, grueling, hard, hard-earned, hard-fought, intricate, irksome, laborious, lofty, onerous, operose, oppressive, painful, precipitous, punishing, rugged, severe, strenuous, tiresome, toilsome, tough, troublesome, trying, wearisome

AREA (Province), noun  area, arena, bounds, confines, demesne, domain, expanse, field, jurisdiction, limits, location, orbit, place, premises, purview, range, realm, region, scope, sphere, territory, vicinage, vicinity, zone

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: area variance, specific areas of the law

AREA (Surface), noun  amount of surface, dimensions, expanse, expansion, extent of surface, measured size, measurements, plane surface, proportions, real size, superficies, true dimensions

ARGUABLE, adjective  at issue, contestable, controversial, controvertible, debatable, disputable, in dispute, in question, up for discussion

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: arguable claim, arguable contention

ARGUE, verb  advance, affirm, allege, argumentari, assert, challenge, claim, confute, conligere, contend, contend in argument, contest, controvert, de re disserere, debate, disagree, dispute, elucidate, emphasize, enunciate, establish, explain, expostulate, express, maintain, make an assertion, oppose, present reasons against, present reasons for, proclaim, pronounce, propose, propound, put forth, reason upon, remonstrate, set forth, show, state with conviction, stress, submit, urge

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: a posteriori, a priori, ab inconvenienti, ad hominem, arguendo

ARGUENDO, adverb  for mere discussion only, for the sake of argument, hypothetically

ARGUMENT (Contention), noun  altercation, antagonism, belligerency, bickering, breach, clashing, conflict, contentiousness, controversy, cross-purposes, debate, difference of opinion, disaccord, disagreement, discord, disputatio, disputation, dispute, dissension, dissent, dissidence, disunion, disunity, division, divisiveness, feud, hard feelings, hostility, ill feeling, ill will, lack of concord, misunderstanding, opposition, oral contention, polemics, quarrel, quarreling, strife, variance, verbal conflict, war of words, wrangle, wrangling

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: a posteriori, a priori, apex juris

FOREIGN PHRASES: In rebus manifestis, errat qui auctoritates legum allegat; quia perspicua vera non sunt probanda.  In clear cases, he errs who cites legal authorities because obvious truths are manifest and do not have to be proved. Argumentum ab inconvenienti est validum in lege; quia lex non permittit aliquod inconveniens. An argument drawn from what is inconvenient is good in law, because the law will not permit any inconvenience.

ARGUMENT (Pleading), noun  argument at the bar, counterstatement, course of reasoning, defense, demonstration, discourse designed to convince, disputation, expression of opinion for or against, plea, pleading, rationale, rebuttal, refutation, statement of defense, statement offered in proof, statement tending to prove a point, submission

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: argument submitted to the court, closing argument, equittable argument, legal argument, opening argument, oral argument, preargument statement

FOREIGN PHRASES: In rebus manifestis, errat qui auctoritates legum allegat; quia perspicua vera non sunt probanda.  In clear cases, he errs who cites legal authorities because obvious truths are manifest and do not have to be proved.

ARGUMENTATION, noun  analysis, argument, bickering, conflict, contention, contentiousness, controversy, critical examination, dialectic, dialogue, disaccord, disagreement, disceptation, discord, disputation, dispute, dissension, logical synthesis, pattern of reasoning, polemics, quarrelsomeness, ratiocination, wrangling

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: instructions to the jury, reargument, rebuttal, summation, surrebuttal

ARGUMENTATIVE, adjective  belligerent, characterized by argument, combative, contentious, dialectical, discordant, disputatious, dissentient, eristic, eristical, factious, given to controversy, litigious, logomachic, logomachical, petulant, pilpulistic, polemic, polemical, pugnacious, quarrelsome

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: argumentative denial

ARISE (Appear), verb  become manifest, become noticeable, become visible, come forth, come in sight, come in view, come to light, come to notice, emerge, make an appearance, manifest itself, present itself, reveal itself, show itself

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: arise under an obligation, arise under the laws of the United States, arising out of a contract, arising out of and in the course of employment, arising out of employment, arising under federal law, arising under the Constitution, arising upon contract, cause of action arising, counterclaim arising out of the plaintiff’s claim

ARISE (Occur), verb  become operative, come about, come to pass, eventuate, get under way, happen, proceed, take place, transpire

ARISE (Originate), verb  accrue, be born, be derived, become, begin, come from, come into action, come into being, come into existence, come to be, emanate, ensue, eventuate, evolve, flow, follow, grow out of, have origin, initiate, issue forth, proceed from, spring forth, spring up, start, start out, take birth, take origin

ARMED, adjective  armatus, bristling with arms, equipped with arms, fortified, furnished with weapons, in arms, issued weapons, panoplied, provided with arms, supplied with arms, under arms, well-armed

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: armed burglary, armed felony, armed forces, armed guards

FOREIGN PHRASES: Arma in armatos sumere jura sinunt.  The laws permit the taking up of arms against armed persons. Ligna et lapides sub “armorum” appellatione non continentur. Sticks and stones are not included within the definition of “arms.”

ARMISTICE, noun  alliance, amity, bargain, calm, ceasefire, cessation, cessation of hostilities, charter, compact, concord, convention, covenant, détente, fault, halt to hostility, harmony, order, pact, peace, peacetime, quiet, reconcilement, reconciliation, respite, rest, serenity, settlement, stability, stabilization, standoff, suspension, tranquility, treaty, truce, understanding

ARRAIGN, verb  accusare, accuse, accuse of wrong, blame, brand, brand with reproach, bring accusation, bring before a court, bring to trial, bring up for investigation, bring up on charges, call before a court, call to account, charge, citare, cite, complain against, criminate, denounce, denunciate, formally accuse, formally charge, formally criminate, formally incriminate, implicate, incriminate, inculpate, postulare, prefer charges, prosecute

ARRAIGNMENT, noun  accusation, accusation in court, allegation of criminal wrongdoing, crimination through law enforcement, delation by criminal charges, formal accusal, imputation from criminal proceeding, incrimination, inculpation by prosecution, judicial charge, prosecution

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: arrest, bail, felony hearing, indictment

ARRANGE (Methodize), verb  adapt, adjust, allocate, apportion, bring into order, bring to terms, collocate, come to an agreement, come to terms, componere, constituere, coordinate, determine, devise, digerere, direct, fix, fix the order, group, manage, marshal, order, ordinare, organize, place in order, program, put in readiness, reduce to order, regulate, resolve, schematize, set in order, settle, size, space, straighten out, systematize

ARRANGE (Plan), verb  blueprint, calculate, contrive, design, devise, engineer, formulate, frame, make arrangements, make preparations, mark out a course, prepare, program, project, schedule, shape a course, sketch out

ARRANGED (Agreed), adjective aligned, assorted, classified, contractual, cut and dried, definite, disposed, fixed, formal, graded, grouped, marshaled, orderly, organizational, placed, precise, ranked, regular, settled, stated, systematic, uniform

ARRANGED (Planned), adjective  contrived, designed, devised, established, harmonious, organized, plotted, projected, prospective, schematic, set, ready

ARRANGEMENT (Ordering), noun  adaption, arraying, collocation, compositio, composition, conformation, conlocatio, formation, method, regularity, schematism, symmetry, systematization, uniformity

ARRANGEMENT (Plan), noun  conception, concoction, contrivance, course of action, ground plan, layout, master plan, method, outline, program of action, schema, scheme, system

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: arrangement for the benefit of creditors

ARRANGEMENT (Understanding), noun  abatement of differences, accommodation, accord, accordance, adjustment, adjustment by agreement, agreement, compact, compromise, concord, contract, entente, harmonization, mutual agreement, mutual assent, mutual promise, mutual undertaking, pact, proviso, reconciliation, restoration of harmony, settlement, terms

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: arrangement through a marital settlement

ARRANT, adjective  clear, complete, confirmed, conspicuous, consummate, definite, identifiable, obvious, palpable, plain, recognizable, salient, striking, through, uncontestable, unmistakable, utter

ARRAY (Jury), noun  body of jurors, good men and true, jurors, jurymen, panel, trier, trier of the facts

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: challenge to the array, jury panel, venire

ARRAY (Order), noun  arrangement, assemblage, classification, collocation, composition, comprehensiveness, course, design, display, disposition, disposure, distribution, due order, fixed order, formation, gamut, good order, gradation, layout, logical order, marshaling, method, methodicalness, methodology, multiplicity, multitude, ordering, organization, parade, pattern, perspective, placing, progression, range of choices, range of view, regularity, rule, schematic arrangement, scope, sequence, series, show, sight, state of order, strict order, subordination, system, systematization, unbroken order, uniformity

ARRAY, verb  accouter, arrange, attire, deploy, display, dispose, draw up, enhance, enrich, file, fix, group, marshal, orchestrate, order, rank, sequence, set in order, sort

ARREARS, noun  arrearage, back payments, balance due, debit, debt, debt unpaid though due, default, deferred payment, deficit, delinquency, indebtedness, indebtment, liability, obligation, outstanding debt, overdue bill, overdue payment, payments past due, pecuniae residuae, state of indebtedness, unpaid bill, unpaid debt

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: arrears in taxes, arrears of alimony, arrears of assessment, arrears of dues, arrears of interest, arrears of premiums, arrears of rent, arrears of taxes, judgment on arrears

ARREST, noun  apprehension, capture, confinement, custodial detention, imprisonment, incarceration, internment, prehension, restraint, restriction, retention, seizure

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: extradition, rendition

ARREST (Apprehend), verb  arrêt, capture, cast into prison, catch, commit, commit to an institution, commit to prison, comprehendere, confine, constrain, deprehendere, deprive of liberty, detain, detain by criminal process, entrammel, give in custody, hold, immure, imprison, in custodiam dare, incarcerate, intern, jail, lay under restraint, legally restrain, make captive, make prisoner, place in confinement, put in durance, put in duress, put under restraint, restrain, secure, seize, seize by legal warrant, send to jail, shackle, take by authority, take captive, take charge of, take into custody, take into preventive custody, take into protective custody, take prisoner, throw into prison

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: arrest warrant, false arrest, false imprisonment, illegal arrest, prior arrest, probable cause, resisting arrest, search incident to an arrest, warrant of arrest

ARREST (Stop), verb  avert, block, bring to a standstill, bring to a stop, check, countercheck, curb, curtail, delay, detain, deter, end, enjoin, foil, foreclose, forestall, frustrate, hinder, hold, hold back, impede, inhibit, interfere, interrupt, keep back, obstruct, prevent, quell, repel, restrain, stall, stay, stifle, subdue, suppress, suspend, thwart, withhold

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: arrest of inquest, arrest of judgment

ARRESTED (Apprehended), adjective  captured, caught, collared, committed, confined, constrained, detained, held, held in custody, immurred, imprisoned, incarcerated, interned, jailed, kept in custody, legally restrained, made captive, made prisoner, remanded, remanded into custody, restrained, seized, sent to prison, taken by force by the authorities, taken into custody, taken prisoner, under arrest

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: arrest warrant, body execution, civil arrest, detention and custody, false arrest, false imprisonment, habeas corpus, imprisonment, malicious prosecution, probable cause to arrest, resisting arrest, restraint of liberty, search incident to an arrest, unlawful arrest

ARRESTED (Checked), adjective  adjourned, blocked, bridled, circumscribed, contained, controlled, curbed, deferred, delayed, deterred, discouraged, encumbered, governed, hampered, held back, hindered, impeded, inhibited, interrupted, limited, obstructed, postponed, prescribed, prevented, repressed, restrained, restricted, retarded, slowed down, stayed, stopped, suppressed, suspended, withheld

ARRIVE, verb  accomplish, achieve, advance, alight, appear, approach, attain, befall, betide, come to, consummate, culminate, emerge, enter, eventuate, gain, get to, happen, join, land, make good, occur, reach, show up, supervene, turn up, visit

ARROGANT, adjective  aloof, assertive, assumptive, audacious, autocratic, blunt, bold, bossy, brash, brassy, brazen, bumptious, caustic, cavalier, conceited, contemptuous, cool, curt, despotic, dictatorial, disdainful, disrespectful, domineering, egotistic, forward, haughty, high-and-mighty, imperious, impertinent, impudent, insolent, lofty, obtrusive, oppressive, overbearing, pertinacious, pompous, presumptuous, pretentious, proud, saucy, shameless, smug, supercilious, superior, swaggering, vain

ARROGATE, verb  accroach, adopt, annex, appropriate, ascribe falsely, assume, assume command, attach, collect, commandeer, convert, demand, deprive, expropriate, harass, hijack, impress, infringe, invade, preempt, preoccupy, prepossess, seize, sequester, stake a claim, take, take charge, take command, take over, take possession, usurp, wrest

ARROGATION, noun  accession, adoption, application, appropriation, ascription, assignation, assignment, assumption, attachment, attribution, impropriation, placement, requisition, seizure, taking, usurpation

ARSENAL, noun  accumulation, agglomeration, ammassment, conglomeration, depository, garnering, repository, reservoir, storage, treasury

ARSON, noun  criminal setting of fires, deliberate burning of property, destruction of property by fire, fire-raising, firing, incendiarism, malicious burning of property, pyromania, set conflagration, willful burning of property

ARTFUL, adjective  able, acute, adept, adroit, apt, artistic, astute, astutus, aware, calculating, callidus, canny, capable, characterized by art, clever, contriving, crafty, cunning, deft, devious, dexterous, done with skill, experienced, facile, gifted, imaginative, ingenious, intriguing, knavish, Machiavellian, masterly, plotting, proficient, quick, rascally, ready, resourceful, scheming, serpentine, sharp, sharp-witted, shrewd, skillful, sly, stealthy, subtle, talented, versatile, versutus, vulpine, well-planned, wily

ARTICLE (Commodity), noun  effect, item, lifeless object, material, material object, matter, object, particular object, res, subject, substance, thing

ARTICLE (Distinct section of a writing), noun  chapter, clause, contractual clause, division, item, portion, provision, proviso, res, section, subject, term of reference

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: article in a statute, paragraph of a statute, subdivision of a statute

ARTICLE (Precept), noun  canon, caput, condicio, dictated term, dogma, mandate, maxim, principle, requirement, rubric, set of terms, tenet

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: articles of incorporation

ARTICULATE, verb  avow, clarify, communicate, converse, convey, enunciate, express, observe, phrase, pronounce, recite, recount, remark, speak, utter

ARTIFICE, noun  artful contrivance, artfulness, artificiality, beguilement, charlatanry, cheating, chicanery, circumvention, cleverness, concealment, connivance, contrivance, cover, cozenage, craftiness, crafty device, cunning, cunningness, deceit, deception, delusion, design, device, disguise, distortion, dodgery, duplicity, espieglerie, evasion, expediency, fabrication, false claim, false pretensions, falsification, feint, finesse, forgery, fraudulence, guile, hoax, illusion, impersonation, imposture, ingenuity, insidiousness, insubstantiality, intrigue, jobbery, knavery, Machiavellianism, machination, maneuvering, mendacity, misrepresentation, perfidy, pettifoggery, ploy, pretense, pretension, pretext, rascality, ruse, scheme, sham, sharp practice, slyness, snare, stratagem, subterfuge, tactics, trap, trick, trickery, wile, wiliness, wrinkle

ARTIFICIAL, adjective  adulterine, artificiosus, assumed, casuistic, concocted, counterfeited, deceptive, ersatz, faked, false, feigned, fictitious, forged, illusory, imaginary, imagined, imitation, imitative, man-made, not natural, pretended, simulated, simulative, spurious, superficial, unauthentic, ungenuine, unnatural, unreal

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: artificial boundaries, artificial ingredients, artificial monuments, artificial person, artificial pond, artificial presumption, artificial watercourse

ARTISAN, noun  artifex, artificer, craftsman, craftworker, faber, handicraftsman, journeyman, laborer, machiner, master craftsman, master workman, mechanic, mechanician, one engaged in a manual enterprise, one skilled in an industrial art, one trained in a mechanic trade, operator, opifex, skilled laborer, skilled worker, technician, tradesman, worker, workingman, workingwoman, workman, workwoman

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: artisan lien

AS A CONSEQUENCE, adverb  a priori, accordingly, as a result, as matters stand, because, because of this, by reason of, by the same token, consequently, deductibly, derivatively, doubtlessly, for reasons given, for that reason, hence, in conclusion, in consequence, in that case, in that event, in which case, inferentially, necessarily, on account of, to that end

AS A MATTER OF RIGHT, adverb  be entitled to, by right, correctly, duly, fitting, properly, rightfully, with authority

AS A RULE, adverb  as a matter of course, by and large, chiefly, commonly, customarily, for the most part, generally, generally speaking, in general, in most cases, in the main, in the usual course of things, mainly, most frequently, most often, mostly, normally, on the whole, ordinarily, principally, regularly, substantially, to all intents and purposes, usually

AS AGREED UPON, adverb  according to contract, according to the agreement, according to the bargain, according to the contract, as agreed to, as arranged by the agreement, as contracted for, as negotiated for, as pledged, as promised, as settled upon, consistent with the agreement, corresponding to the contract, in accordance with the contract, in correspondence with the contract, in obedience to the agreement

AS IS, adjective  as it is, as it stands, as offered, as presented, as represented, as seen, as shown, as things are, in its present condition, in its present form, in its present state, in the same way, just the same, without warranty

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: as is contract, caveat emptor, without covenants or warranties

AS PROVIDED BY LAW, adverb  as contained in the statutes, as set forth by law, as specified in the law, as delineated in the law

AS SET FORTH, adverb  above-mentioned, antecedently, anteriorly, as contained previously, as determined, as expressed, as specified previously, as stated, as stated preliminarily, as written, before, beforehand, earlier, former, formerly, preceding, preexisting, prior

AS SO DEFINED, adverb  as contained, as delineated, as explained, as set forth, as specified

AS SOON AS FEASIBLE, adverb  as soon as possible, as soon as reasonably possible, at the first opportunity, at the first possible moment, expeditiously, forthwith, promptly, without delay

ASCENDANCE, noun  authority, command, dominance, domination, dominion, hegemony, predominance, preponderance, prevalence, primacy, sovereignty, superiority, supremacy, upper hand

ASCENDANT, noun  ancestor, antecedent, forebear, forefather, forerunner, genitor, praestare, precursor, predecessor, procreator, progenitor, sire, summus, superior

ASCERTAIN, verb  acquire information, acquire intelligence about, adjudge, arrive at a conclusion, assure oneself, become acquainted with, certify, clear from obscurity, clear of doubt, clear of obscurity, cognoscere, come to a conclusion, come to know, comperire, conclude, confirm, decide, decipher, deduce, derive, descry, determine, discover, disentangle, draw a conclusion, establish, establish with certainty, explorare, fathom, ferret out, figure out, find, find out, find out exactly, find the answer, find the solution, learn about, make certain, make oneself acquainted with, make sure, prove, ravel, reassure oneself, remove doubt, render certain, render definite, resolve, satisfy oneself, solve, unearth, unravel, unriddle, unscramble, untangle, verify

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: ascertain loss, ascertained by law

ASCERTAINABLE, adjective  answerable, certifiable, cognizable, comprehensible, confirmable, decipherable, definable, demonstrable, determinable, discernible, discoverable, distinguishable, evincible, explainable, fixable, knowable, learnable, perceptible, recognizable, understandable, verifiable

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: ascertainable consequences, ascertainable damages, ascertainable debt, ascertainable loss

ASCERTAINED, adjective  absolute, actual, authoritative, axiomatic, certain, clear, cogent, cognizable, common, conclusive, definite, definitive, evident, factual, genuine, incontrovertible, indisputable, indubious, irrefutable, positive, real, reliable, sound, stated, sure, true, trustworthy, unambiguous, unconfuted, undeniable, undoubting, unequivocal, unerring, unmistakable, unqualified, unquestionable, unquestioned

ASCRIBE, verb  accord, accredit, adsignare, affiliate, allege to belong, apply, appropriate, ascribere, assign, attach, attribuere, attribute, charge with, connect with, credit with, derive from, filiate, give, impute, point to, predicate, refer to, trace to

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: ascribe a motive

ASCRIPTION, noun  accusal, accusation, alleging, animadversion, appropriation, aspersion, assignment, attribution, blame, citation, complaint, charge, derivation, imputation, innuendo, insinuation, obloquy, reference, reflection, reproach, slur, stigmatization, stricture

ASK, verb  apply, call upon, canvass, challenge, demand, examine, go over, grill, inquire, interrogate, investigate, propose, pry, question, quiz, request

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: ask and demand in settling a matter

ASPECT, noun  appearance, aspectus, condition, element, facet, factor, feature, forma, look, mien, part, peculiar feature, perspective, phase, position, posture, regard, relative position, salient characteristic, situation, slant, state, view, viewpoint, visage, vista

ASPECTS, noun  attributes, character, characteristics, color, difference, features, individual qualities, nature, particularities, parts, peculiarities, perspectives, properties, qualities, segments, traits, unique qualities

ASPERSION, noun  abuse, affront, calumnia, calumniation, calumny, censure, condemnation, contumely, defamation, denigration, denunciation, derision, derogatory criticism, detraction, dishonor, disparagement, envenomed tongue, execration, imputation, insult, invective, libel, malediction, objurgation, obloquy, opprobrium, railing, rebuke, reproach, reproof, reviling, scurrility, slander, slight, slur, stricture, traducement, vilification, vituperation

ASPORTATION, noun  criminal ablation, criminal remotion, criminal removement, criminal transmission, delocalization, felonious abreption, felonious removal, felonious transference, felonious translocation, furtive removal, illegal amotion, illegal carriage, illegal subduction, illegal transmittance, illegal transplantation, illegal transshipment, wrongful displacement, wrongful removal, wrongful transfer

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: burglary, conversion and trover, larceny, robbery

ASSAIL, verb  accost, adgredi, adoriri, advance against, advance upon, aggress, assault, assault belligerently, attack, beset, encounter, fall upon, invade, mug, oppugn, oppugnare, rush upon, savage, set upon, set upon with violence, storm, thrust at, waylay

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: assailant

ASSAILABLE, adjective  accessible, attacked, beatable, censurable, conquerable, criticized, defenseless, exposed, impugnable, indefensible, open to attack, penetrable, pregnable, ridiculed, scorned, sensible, surmountable, vincible, vulnerable, weak

ASSAILANT, noun  accoster, aggressor, antagonist, assailer, assaulter, attacker, bludgeon man, criminal, felon, invader, obstructionist, qui oppugnat, ravager, terrorist, thug, violator

ASSASSINATION, noun  annihilation, caedes, destruction, dispatching, execution, homicide, killing, liquidation, murder, murder by stealth, slaying, treacherous killing, unlawful homicide

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: aestimatio capitis, conspiracy, murder, political assassination

ASSAULT, noun  act of hostility, aggression, aggressive action, assailment, attack, besiegement, encounter, impetus, incursion, incursus, injury, intrusion, irruption, offense, onset, onset with force, onslaught, oppugnatio, siege, strike, sudden attack, violation of another’s rights

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: aggravated assault, assault and battery, assault with a deadly weapon, assault with intent to commit a felony, assault with intent to commit murder, assault with intent to maim, assault with intent to rape, assault with intent to rob, battery, felonious assault, simple assault

ASSAULT, verb  accost, accost bellicosely, adgredi, addriri, affront hostilely, aggress, appetere, assail, assault belligerently, attack, attack physically, attempt violence to, besiege, deal a blow, harm, oppugn, set upon, set upon with force, set upon with violence, strike, thrust at

ASSAY, noun  analysis, ascertainment, assessment, breakdown, calculation, computation, diagnosis, examination, experiment, exploration, measurement, probation, probe, test, test case, verification

ASSAY, verb  analyze, ascertain, assess, calculate, compute, diagnose, endeavor, evaluate, experiment, measure, research, test, try, verify, weigh

ASSEMBLAGE, noun  accumulation, acervation, agglomeration, aggregation, amassment, array, assemblage, assembly, association, audience, bale, band, batch, bevy, body, bolt, bulk, bunch, bundle, caucus, claque, clump, cluster, collection, colligation, combination, committee, company, compilation, concentration, conclave, concourse, confluence, conflux, congeries, conglomerate, conglomeration, congregation, congress, convention, convocation, corps, coven, cumulation, drove, ensemble, flock, flood, gang, gathering, group, heap, horde, ingathering, legion, lot, lump, mass, mass meeting, medley, meeting, miscellany, mob, multitude, outfit, pack, packet, party, pile, queue, rally, réunion, series, set, sheaf, squad, stack, string, swarm, symposium, thicket, throng, tribe, troop, troupe, union

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: disorderly assemblage, unlawful assemblage

ASSEMBLY, noun  aggregation, assemblage, body, caucus, collection, company, conclave, concourse, conference, congregation, consilium, contio, convention, conventus, convocation, crowd, gathering, group, mass, meeting, multitude

ASSENT, noun  acceptance, accord, accordance, acknowledgment, acquiescence, adsensio, adsensus, affirmance, affirmation, agreement, approbation, approval, authorization, compliance, concord, concordance, concurrence, confirmation, consent, consentaneity, consonance, endorsement, permission, ratification, recognition, sanction, submission, willing consent, willingness

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: legal assent

FOREIGN PHRASES: Nemo videtur fraudare eos qui sciunt et consentiunt.  No one is considered as deceiving those who know and consent to his acts. Non refert an quis assensum suum praefert verbis, aut rebus ipsis et factis. It is immaterial whether a man gives assent by his words or by his acts and deeds.

ASSENT, verb  accede, accept, accord, acknowledge, acquiesce, adnuere, adsentari, agree, allow, approve, authorize, comply, concede, concur, confirm, conform to, consent, embrace an offer, endorse, express concurrence, favor, give consent, homologate, permit, ratify, recognize, sanction, subscribe to

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: assent by acts, assent by gestures, assent by silence, express assent, implied assent, judicial assent, mutual assent

FOREIGN PHRASES: Qui non prohibet id quod prohibere potest assentire videtur.  He who does not forbid what he is able to prevent is deemed to assent. Qui tacet consentire videtur, ubi tractatur de ejus commodo. He who is silent is deemed to consent.

ASSERT, verb  adfirmare, advance, affirm, allege in support, announce, annunciate, argue for, assever, asseverate, attest, aver, avouch, avow, certify, claim, confirmare, contend, declare, depose, dicere, emphasize, enunciate, espouse, express, insist upon, maintain, plead one’s case, plead one’s cause, profess, pronounce, propound, recite, relate, set forth, state, state as true, stress, urge, urge reasons for

ASSERTION, noun  adfirmatio, affirmation, allegation, announcement, asseveration, attestation, averment, avouchment, avowal, declaration, defensio, disclosure, enunciation, expression, insistence, insistence on a claim, insistence on a right, ipse dixit, positive declaration, positive statement, predication, profession, pronouncement, representation, statement, vindicatio

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: admission, confession, criminal accusation, false accusation

ASSERTIVE, adjective  authoritative, confident, dogmatic, influential, potent, powerful, self-assured, strong

ASSESS (Appraise), verb  aestimare, apprize, ascertain, calculate, calibrate, compute, consider, count, determine, estimate, evaluate, fix the value, gauge, judge, measure, mensurate, mete, rate, reckon, set, valuate, value, weigh

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: assess a penalty, assess damages, assessed valuation

ASSESS (Tax), verb  affix an impost, charge with one’s share, demand a payment, demand toll, exact a charge, exact a toll, excise, fix a valuation, impose a charge, impose a levy, lay an impost, levy

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: assess taxes

ASSESSMENT (Estimation), noun  aestimatio, appraisal, appraisement, calculation, determination, estimate, measure, mensuration, rating, reckoning, survey, valuation

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: assessment of damages

ASSESSMENT (Levy), noun  amount assessed as payable, capitation, census, cess, charge, charge levied, exaction, exactment, imposition, impost, rate, tallage, tax, toll

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: assessed valuation, assessment and collection of taxes, assessment district, assessment for benefits, assessment for special improvements, assessment insurance, assessment lien, assessment of property, assessment roll, assessor, equalized assessment, improvements, municipal improvements, public improvements, special assessment, tax assessment, valuation of property

ASSESSOR, noun  censor, charger, collector, exciseman, official receiver, one who exacts, one who imposes a charge, one who levies, tax collector, tax gatherer, tax man, tax receiver, tax taker, taxer

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: tax assessor

ASSETS, noun  available means, belongings, bona, capital, chattels, effects, estate, funds, goods, holdings, inventories, money, pecuniary resources, personal effects, personal resources, possessions, principal, property, reserves, resources, riches, valuables, wealth, wherewithal

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: assets of a trust corpus, assets of an estate, capital assets, concealment of assets, contingent assets, corporation’s assets, depletion of assets, disposal of assets, equitable assets, fixed assets, foreign assets, fraudulent transfer of assets, liquid assets, partnership assets, personal assets, real assets, sale of assets, testamentary assets

ASSEVERATION, noun  acknowledgment, adjuration, affirmance, affirmation, assertion, attestation, averment, avouchment, avowal, certification, confirmation, declaration, emphatic assertion, legal pledge, oath, positive declaration, positive statement, profession, pronouncement, solemn averment, solemn avowal, solemn declaration, sworn statement, vow

ASSIDUOUS, adjective  active, ardent, attentive, busy, committed, conscientious, considerate, constant, determined, devoted, diligent, earnest, employed, enduring, engaged, exacting, fervent, flagging, hard-working, immovable, indefatigable, industrious, laborious, obdurate, persevering, persistent, resolute, scrupulous, sedulous, serious, studious, tenacious, tireless, unflagging, unrelenting, unremitting, unshakable, untiring, zealous

ASSIGN (Allot), verb  allocate, apportion, appropriate, deal out, dispense, distribute, divide in portions, dole out, give out, mete out, partition, portion out, rem homini adsignare, share

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: assign a cause of action, assign a chose in action, assign a lease, assign over, assign without recourse, assignable interest, assigned counsel, assigned risk, sublease

ASSIGN (Designate), verb  appoint, ascribe, attribute, authorize, charge, commission, commit powers to another, delegate, depute, detail, empower, entrust, invest, name, prescribe, put in commission, set, specify

FOREIGN PHRASES: Assignatus utitur jure auctoris.  An assignee is clothed with the right of his principal.

ASSIGN (Transfer ownership), verb  abalienate, alienate, commit to another’s trust, consign, convey, deliver, devolve upon, dispose of, endorse over, entrust, grant, make over to another, negotiate, refer, release, relegate, sign over, surrender to another, transfer to another, transmit

ASSIGNABLE, adjective  consignable, conveyable, deliverable, devisable, disposable, exchangeable, grantable, negotiable, transferable, transmissible, transmittable

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: assignable contract, assignable interest

ASSIGNATION, noun  application, arrogation, ascription, assignment, attribution, blame, charge, imputation, placement

ASSIGNEE, noun  accipient, allottee, donee, grantee, receiver, recipient, transferee

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: lessee

FOREIGN PHRASES: Assignatus utitur jure auctoris.  An assignee has the rights of his principal.

ASSIGNMENT (Allotment), noun  allocation, allowance, apportionment, appropriation, assignation, dispensation, distribution, division, partition, portion

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: assignment of choses in action

ASSIGNMENT (Designation), noun  appointment, authorization, commission, delegation, deputation, mandate, nomination, placing in office, prescription, selection, signification, specification, stipulation

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: assignment of error

ASSIGNMENT (Task), noun  business, charge, chore, commission, duty, function, mission, part, pursuit, responsibility, role, stint, work

ASSIGNMENT (Transfer of ownership), noun  abalienation, alienation, assignation, cession, conferment, conferral, consignation, consignment, conveyance, conveyancing, delivery, demise, devolvement, disposition, distribution, grant, impropriation, mutual transfer, nonretention, relegation, transfer, transference, transmission, transmittal

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: assignment by operation of law, assignment for the benefit of creditors, assignment for value, assignment of a cause of action, assignment of a chose in action, assignment of an account, assignment of claim, assignment of dower, assignment of lease, assignment of rents and profits, assignment of wages, consignment, general assignment, lease, license, partial assignment, promise to make assignment, voluntary assignment

FOREIGN PHRASES: Assignatus utitur jure auctoris.  An assignee is clothed with the right of his principal.

ASSIMILATE, verb  acculturate, accustom, adopt, amalgamate, associate, blend, combine, commingle, condition, connect, digest, enculturate, fuse, habituate, incorporate, ingest, integrate, intermingle, liken, link, merge, mingle, osmose, subsume, take in, take up

ASSIST, verb  abet, accommodate, act as assistant to, administer to, afford aid, aid, auxiliari, back, be of help, be of use, come to the aid of, cooperate with, do a service, endorse, foster, furnish aid, further, give a hand, give aid, give support, help, help along, intercede for, minister to, nurture, oblige, opitulari, participate, promote, reinforce, relieve, second, serve, stand by, subserve, subsidize, subvenire, succor, supply aid, support, take part with

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: accessory, aiding and abetting, complicity

ASSISTANCE, noun  accommodation, adiumentum, adjuvancy, advocacy, aid, auxilium, benefit, benevolence, championship, cooperation, furtherance, help, helpfulness, intercession, participation, reinforcement, subsidy, succor, support

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: able assistance of counsel, writ of assistance

ASSISTANT, noun  abettor, accessory, accomplice, adiutor, adiutrix, adjutant, adjuvant, advocate, agent, aide, aide-de-camp, aider, apprentice, associate, backer, champion, clerk, coadjutor, coaid, collaborator, colleague, confederate, confrère, cooperator, copartner, coworker, deputy, employee, helper, helpmate, partner, right-hand man, second, seconder, subaltern, subordinate, supporter, underling, underworker

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: accessory, accomplice, coconspirator

ASSOCIATE, noun  adjunct, aid, aide-de-camp, assistant, auxiliary, coadjutant, coadjutor, coadjuvant, cohelper, cohort, collaborator, colleague, comate, companion, compeer, confederate, confidante, confrere, cooperator, copartner, coworker, fellow worker, friend, partner, socius, sodalis

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: associates in a law office, confederacy, partner, union

ASSOCIATED, adjective  affiliated, agnate, akin, allied, closely allied, closely related, coactive, coadunate, combined, concerted, confederated, conjoint, conjunct, connate, connected, cooperant, cooperative, coupled, coworking, federate, federated, incorporated, inosculated, interallied, joined, leagued, linked, related, synergetic, united

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: associated companies

ASSOCIATION (Alliance), noun  affiliation, amalgamation, coalition, combination, combine, company, confederacy, confederation, conlegium, corporation, coterie, federation, guild, league, syndicate, union

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: articles of association, bar associations, beneficial associations, convenant of associations, joint stock associations, mutual benefit associations, professional associations, unincorporated associations, voluntary associations

ASSOCIATION (Connection), noun  bond, coadjuvancy, coalition, colleagueship, combination, conjunction, conlegium, connectedness, consociation, copartnership, coworking, involvement, joint enterprise, link, linkage, organization, participation, partnership, relatedness, relation, relationship, societas, working in concert

ASSUAGE, verb  abate, allay, alleviate, appease, attemper, blunt, chasten, check, comfort, compose, curb, diminish, ease, lessen, levare, mitigare, mitigate, moderate, mollify, obtund, pacify, palliate, quell, quench, reduce, relieve, remedy, salve, sate, satiate, satisfy, sedare, slake, smother, soften, solace, soothe, still, temper, tranquilize

ASSUME (Seize), verb  accroach, adeem, adopt, adsumere, annex, appropriate, arrogate, commandeer, confiscate, dispossess, distrain, expropriate, help oneself to, make free with, occupare, possess oneself of, rem sibi adrogare, take as one’s own, usurp

ASSUME (Simulate), verb  act as, counterfeit, dissemble, dissimulate, don, feign, impersonate, make believe, outwardly seem, pass for, personate, play the part, pose as, pretend to be, profess, put on deceitfully, represent as, take the part of, take the semblance of

ASSUME (Suppose), verb  be inclined to think, be of the opinion, conclude, conjecture, consider, deduce, deem true, divine, draw the inference, find probable, gather, have an idea that, hold the opinion, infer, predicate, premise, presume, presuppose, suspect, take for granted, take without proof, theorize, think credible, think likely, think probable

ASSUME (Undertake), verb  accept, accept an obligation, attempt, attend to, be willing to bear, become responsible for, begin, broach, commit oneself, contract, contract for, embark upon, engage, enter upon, incur a duty, manage, proceed to, pursue, set about, shoulder, suscipere, take care of, take charge, take on oneself, take up, venture upon

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: assume a debt, assume a lease, assume a mortgage, assume responsibility, assumed name, assumed risk

ASSUMED (Feigned), adjective  adopted, apocryphal, bogus, contrived, counterfeit, deceptive, delusive, disguised, fabricated, factitious, fake, false, fictitious, fraudulent, invented, manufactured, misleading, misrepresented, pretended, pretexted, spurious, synthetic, unauthentic, ungenuine, unreal

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: allegation of fact, allegation of law, alleged fact, material allegation, pleading, responsive allegation, specific allegation

ASSUMED (Inferred), adjective  accepted, conjectured, connoted, considered true, given, granted, hypothesized, implicit, indicated, insinuated, intimated, posited, postulated, presumed, presupposed, stated, supposed, suppositional, taken for granted, understood

ASSUMPTION (Adoption), noun  acceptance, acquisition, receiving, reception, recipience, selection, taking on, undertaking

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: assumpsit on quantum meruit, assumption agreement, assumption of debt, assumption of facts, assumption of indebtedness, assumption of jurisdiction, assumption of liability, assumption of mortgage, assumption of obligation, assumption of risk

ASSUMPTION (Seizure), noun  annexation, appropriation, arrogation, dispossession, encroachment, exaction, expropriation, impropriation, infringement, usurpation

ASSUMPTION (Supposition), noun  basis, belief, conjecture, foundation, ground, hypothesis, hypothesization, impression, notion, opinion, personal judgment, postulate, premise, presumption, presupposition, sumptio, supposal, surmise, theory, thinking, view

ASSURANCE, noun  adjuration, affirmation, assuredness, attestation, averment, avow, avowal, avowance, commitment, confidence, confidentness, confirmatio, covenant, declaration, earnest declaration, engagement, fiducia, guaranty, oath, obligation, pact, paction, pledge, promise, reassurance, security, solemn assertion, solemn promise, surety, voucher, vow, warranty

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: assurance of title, covenant of future assurances

ASSURE (Give confidence to), verb  buoy up, cause to feel certain, cheer, comfort, confirm in conviction, console, convince, deliver from uncertainty, dismiss all doubt, embolden, encourage, enhearten, free from doubt, free from uncertainty, give hope, hearten, inspire, inspire hope, lead to believe, make certain, make confident, offer assurances to, persuade, put at ease, raise expectations, reassure, render certain, restore one’s faith, satisfy, set at ease, solace

ASSURE (Insure), verb  affirm, agree to indemnify for loss, answer for, asseverate, attest, aver, avouch, avow, certify, confirm, endorse, espouse, give security, guarantee, make a promise, make certain, make sure, pledge, profess, promise, render certain, render safe, secure against loss, solemnly promise, subscribe to, swear, underwrite, verify, vouch for, vow, warrant

ASTONISH, verb  affect, amaze, astound, awe, blow away, captivate, charm, dazzle, electrify, enchant, enrapture, enthrall, enthuse, entrance, excite, fascinate, impress, inspire, interest, move, overawe, overwhelm, pique, stagger, stun, surprise, thrill, wow

ASTRAY, adjective  aberrant, adrift, afield, amiss, awry, circuitous, deviating, errant, erratic, indirect, lost, misguided, misled, off-center, out of one’s bearings, out of one’s reckoning, random, round-about, straying, undirected, unguided

ASTRINGENT, adjective  acid, acrid, acrimonious, adstrictorius, austere, bitter, caustic, dour, exigent, harsh, mordant, rough, severe, stern, strict, stringent, tart

ASTUCIOUS, adjective  acute, adept, adroit, advanced, alert, apt, astute, aware, brilliant, clever, cunning, discerning, educated, erudite, fast on the uptake, genius, informed, ingenious, inventive, keen, knowledgeable, learned, literate, precocious, prudent, quick, quick-witted, resourceful, sagacious, sage, sapient, savvy, scholarly, sharp, shrewd, smart, well-read, wise

ASTUTE, adjective adroit, agile, alter, apt, artful, bright, brilliant, clear-sighted, clever, cunning, discriminating, discriminative, experienced, informed, ingenious, insightful, intelligent, keen, knowing, knowledgeable, learned, lettered, nimble, perceptive, perspicacious, plugged in, privy, resourceful, sagacious, sage, sapient, savvy, scholarly, sensible, sharp, shrewd, smart, sophisticated, street smart, studious, well-rounded, wise, worldly

ASYLUM (Hiding place), noun  covert, exile, haven, inviolable refuge, place of immunity, place of refuge, refuge, retreat, safehold, sanctuary, sanctum sanctorum, secure retreat, shelter, temporary refuge

ASYLUM (Hospital), noun  lazaretto, mental hospital, mental institution, nursing home, psychiatric hospital, psychiatric ward, sanitorium, shelter for the afflicted, state hospital, state institution

ASYLUM (Protection), noun  freedom from danger, refuge, safeguard, safety, sanctuary, security, shelter

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: granted asylum

AT FAULT, adverb  culpable, erring, in error, guilty, liable, responsible for, wrong

AT ISSUE, adverb  being analyzed, in contemplation, in dispute, in question, on the agenda, under advisement, under consideration, under examination

AT RISK, adverb  at peril, capable of loss, involved, potentially liable

AT WILL EMPLOYMENT, noun  at the will of the employer, discretionary employment without the necessity of reasons, employment at will, freedom to discharge, freedom to discharge without grounds, freedom to discharge without reasons, freedom to fire

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: just cause employees, morally reprehensive reasons, morally wrong reasons

ATMOSPHERE, noun  air, airspace, ambience, aura, background, circumambience, climate, climatic condition, element, environing influence, environment, medium, milieu, mood, setting, space, surroundings, weather

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: clouding the atmosphere, polluting the atmosphere

ATROCIOUS, adjective  abhorrent, abominable, appalling, awful, bad, barbaric, beastly, corrupt, deplorable, desperate, diabolical, dire, disgusting, dreadful, errant, evil, fiendish, flagrant, foul, frightening, frightful, ghastly, grisly, grotesque, gruesome, heinous, hideous, horrendous, horrid, horrific, horrifying, jejune, loathsome, lurid, malignant, monstrous, nefarious, noxious, obscene, odious, offensive, onerous, outrageous, perverse, recalcitrant, reprehensible, repugnant, repulsive, revolting, rude, scandalous, terrible, ugly, uncouth, unmannerly, unsightly, unspeakable, vile, villainous, wicked

ATROCITY, noun  abomination, abuse, act of ferocity, atrocious crime, atrocitas, barbarity, deed of savagery, ferity, ferocity, fiendishness, flagitious villainy, flagitiousness, flagrancy, gross offense, heinousness, holocaust, infamy, inhumanity, iniquity, malevolence, maltreatment, mercilessness, monstrosity, nefariousness, nefas, res atrox, ruthlessness, savagery, truculence, victimization, villainy, wantonly wicked conduct, wickedness

FOREIGN PHRASES: Patria potestas in pietate debet, non in atrocitate, consistere.  Paternal power should consist of affection not of atrocity.

ATTACH (Join), verb  add, add as an accessory, adfigere, adhere, adjoin, adligare, affix, agglutinate, annex, append, assemble, bind, cohere, combine, conjoin, connect, consolidate, couple, embody, embrace, fasten, fasten together, incorporate, insert, link, make one, merge, put together, secure, subjoin, supplement, unite

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: attach exhibits

ATTACH (Seize), verb  adeem, annex, appropriate, arrogate, confiscate, disseise, distrain, distress, exact, expropriate, garnish, impound, impress, levy, overcome, preempt, press, replevy, retake, secure, seize summarily, sequester, sequestrate, take, take over, take possession of, take summarily, usurp

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: attach property, provisional remedy

ATTACHED (Annexed), adjective  added, affixed, agglutinated, appendant, appended, aptus, bound, conjoined, connected, fastened, fixed, joined, paired, subjoined, united

ATTACHED (Seized), adjective  adeemed, annexed, appropriated, arrogated, confiscated, disseised, distrained, expropriated, foreclosed, forfeited, garnisheed, impounded, levied, replevied, sequestered, usurped

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: provisional remedy

ATTACHMENT (Act of affixing), noun  adjunction, affixation, annexation, annexion, attaching, binding, bond, cohesion, confixation, conjunction, connection, fastening, fixing, insertion, joinder, joining, junction, ligation, nexus, subjunction, that which attaches, tie

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: attachment of a security interest, garnishment, in rem jurisdiction, provisional remedy, quasi in rem jurisdiction

ATTACHMENT (Seizure), noun  annexation, apprehending, confiscation, deprivation, deprivement, disownment, dispossession, distrainer, distraint, distress, divestment, embargo, execution, expropriation, foreclosure, garnishment, impoundage, impoundment, impressment, seizing, sequestration

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: ancillary attachment, attachment execution, attachment of persons, attachment of property, attachment proceedings, attachment to obtain jurisdiction, attachment upon mesne process, body attachment, execution, extraordinary remedy, lien or incumbrance, proceeding in rem, property subject to attachment, provisional remedy, sequestration, writ of attachment, wrongful attachment

ATTACHMENT (Thing affixed), noun  accessory, addendum, additum, adjunct, affixture, annex, appendage, appendix, appurtenance, fixture, postfix, supplement, supplementary device

ATTACK, verb  abuse, adgredi, adoriri, advance upon, aggress, assail, assault, assume the offensive, bear down upon, beat, begin hostilities against, beleaguer, beset, besiege, bombard, charge, combat, commit hostilities, descend on, engage in hostilities, fall upon, fight offensively, fly at, force, hit, impugn, invade, invehi in, lay hands on, lay into, make an onset against, open fire upon, oppugn, pitch into, pounce upon, raid, revile, run at, rush upon, set upon with force, shoot at, spring upon, start a fight, start a war, storm, strike, strike the first blow, tackle, take offensive action, take the initiative, take the offensive, tear into, throw oneself upon, waylay

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: assault, attack on credibility, collateral attack, direct attack, impeach, provocation of attack

ATTAIN, verb  accomplish, achieve, acquire, adsequi, arrive at, be successful, bring about, bring off successfully, bring to pass, carry through, come by, come to, complete, consequi, consummate, earn, effect, effectuate, finish, gain, gain one’s end, get, get by effort, get done, get possession of, obtain, perfect, procure, put through, reach, reach one’s goal, realize, reap, score a success, secure, succeed, succeed in reaching

ATTAINT, noun  abasement, bad name, bad reputation, bad repute, brand, debasement, defilement, degradation, derogation, deviation from rectitude, disapprobation, discredit, disesteem, disgrace, dishonor, disreputability, disrepute, disrespect, humiliation, ignominy, ill fame, ill favor, ill repute, improbity, imputation, infamy, ingloriousness, loss of reputation, mark, obloquy, odium, opprobrium, reproach, shame, smear, smirch, stain, stigma, taint, tarnish, tarnished honor

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: attainder, autrefois attaint, bill of attainder, civil death

ATTEMPT, verb  aim at, assay, be at work, be in action, bid for, carry on, conari, do one’s best, do the needful, drive at, employ oneself, endeavor, essay, exert oneself, go after, go all out for, intend, labor for, make a bid, make a try, make an effort at, make the effort, ply one’s task, pursue, put forth an effort, quest, seek to, set out to, strive, take on, temptare, test, try, try hard, try one’s best, undertake, use one’s best endeavors, venture

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: attempt to commit a crime, attempt to defraud, attempt to prove, conspiracy, failure of intended act, preparatory acts, renunciation

FOREIGN PHRASES: Affectus punitur licet non sequatur effectus.  The intention is punished although the intended result does not follow. Non officit conatus nisi sequatur effectus. An attempt does not harm unless a consequence follows. In maleficiis voluntas spectatur, non exitus. In criminal offenses, the intention and not the result must be regarded. Officit conatus si effectus sequatur. The attempt becomes of consequence if the effect follows.

ATTEMPTED MONOPOLIZATION, verb  attempt to control competition, conspiracy to monopolize, intent to harm competition, market power inference, market share inference

ATTEND (Accompany), verb  be associated with, be connected with, go along with

ATTEND (Be present at), verb  frequent, go to, visit

ATTEND (Heed), verb  be attentive to, give heed to, listen, mark, mind, note, notice, take notice of

ATTEND (Take care of), verb  be attendant on, care for, guard, minister to, see to, serve, wait upon, watch over

ATTENDANCE, noun  accompaniment, ministration, presence

ATTENTION (Admonition), noun  admonishment, advice, alarm, announcement, attentiveness, caution, caveat, communication, dehortation, forewarning, formal advice, instruction, intelligence, monition, news, notice, notice of danger, portent, precaution, premonishment, prenotification, presage, threat, warning

ATTENTION (Care), noun  absorption, admonition, advice, concentrated focus, concentration, concern to detail, consciousness, consideration, contemplation, deliberation, deterrent, devotion, focus on detail, heed, heedfulness, immersion, introspectiveness, nurturing, reflectiveness, regard, regard for specifics, supervision, support

ATTENUATE, verb  attenuare, bate, constrict, constringe, contract, curtail, debilitate, decrease, deflate, devitalize, diminish, diminish in effect, extenuare, extenuate, lessen, lighten, make thin, narrow, reduce, reduce in intensity, reduce in strength, render threadlike, taper, weaken, weaken in force

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: attenuation between a cause and the result, proximate cause, remote cause

ATTEST, verb  adjure, affirm, assert, authenticate, aver, bear out, bear witness to, certify, confirm, corroborate, declare, declare the truth of, depone, depose, endorse, evince, ratify, rem testari, speak on oath, subscribe, substantiate, support, swear, take one’s oath, testem facere, testificari, testify to, validate, verify, vouch for, witness

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: affidavit, interrogatory

ATTESTATION, noun  act of bearing witness, adjuration, affirmation, allegation, assertion, asseveration, attest, attesting declaration, authentication, averment, avouchment, avowal, certification, declaration, endorsement, oath, solemn averment, solemn avowal, solemn declaration, statement, substantiation, swearing, sworn evidence, testificatio, testification, testimonium, testimony, validification, verification, witnessing

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: acknowledgment, attestation clause, attestation of chattel mortgage, attestation of deed, attestation of note, attestation of will, attesting witnesses

ATTITUDE (Manner), noun  affectation, air, approach, aspect, behavior, carriage, cast, comportment, composure, conduct, demeanor, deportment, expression, fashion, guise, image, look, mannerism, mode, outlook, posture, presence, presentation, pretense, shape, stance, thinking

ATTITUDE (Surly approach), adjective  abrasive, abrupt, acerbic, acidic, acidulous, acrid, acrimonious, bitter, caustic, corrosive, curt, cutting, disagreeable, gruff, harsh, insincere, mordant, nasty, obnoxious, odious, ornery, pungent, resentful, rough, sardonic, satiric, satirical, scalding, scathing, severe, sharp, sharp-tongued, short, smart-alec, snippety, tart, terse, unpleasant, vitriolic, vulgar

ATTORN, verb  allot, assign, cede, confer, confer ownership, consign, convey, deliver, demise, devise, devolve upon, dispose of, give, grant, impart, let, part with, pass down, relinquish, transfer, turn over

ATTORNEY, noun  advocate, attorney-at-law, barrister, counsel, counselor, counselor-at-law, jurisconsult, jurisprudent, jurist, lawyer, learned counsel, legal advisor, legal practitioner, legist, member of the bar, officer of the court, pleader, practitioner, procurator, publicist, solicitor

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: attorney of record, staff attorney

FOREIGN PHRASES: Consilia multorum quaeruntur in magnis.  The advice of many is required in affairs of magnitude.

ATTORNEY-CLIENT PRIVILEGE, noun confidential relationship, confidentiality, fiduciary privilege, immunity from divulging confidences, nondisclosable relationship, private relationship, privileged relationship

Generally: protected relationship

Specifically: confidential communications

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: privileged communications

ATTORNEY IN FACT, noun  alternate, legal appointee, legal representative, proxy, surrogate

ATTORNEY’S FEES, noun  compensation for legal services, payment for representation

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: alternative fee arrangements, contingent fees, flat fee, hourly fees

ATTORNMENT, noun  agreement, arrangement, commitment, compact, condition, deal, liability, prerequisite, provision, proviso, requisite, stipulation, understanding

ATTRACT, verb  bait, beckon, beguile, bewitch, bring, bring in, captivate, charm, draw, draw attention, enchant, enthrall, entice, entrance, entrap, fascinate, interest, knock out, lure, magnetize, motivate, pull, rope in, seduce, spellbind, tempt, wow

ATTRACTIVE, adjective  adorable, agreeable, alluring, appealing, attracting, attrahent, beauteous, beautiful, beckoning, becoming, beguiling, bewitching, captivating, catching, catchy, charming, comely, delightful, desirable, drawing, elegant, enchanting, engaging, enthralling, enticing, entrancing, exquisite, fair, fascinating, fetching, glamorous, interesting, intriguing, inviting, likeable, luring, magnetic, pleasant, pleasing, prepossessing, pretty, ravishing, seductive, sightly, sweet, tasteful, tempting, titillating, to one’s liking

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: attractive nuisance doctrine

ATTRACTIVE NUISANCE, noun  allure, bait, dangerous conditions, draw, endangerment, enticement, inducement, lure, seducement, unprotected

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: attractive nuisance doctrine, specific conditions

ATTRIBUTE, verb  accredit with, adsignare, ascribe, assign, charge with, connect with, consider as belonging to, impute, point to, predicate, set down to, tribuere

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: attribute a cause to an individual

ATTRIBUTION, noun  accounting, acknowledgment, affirmation, allusion, ascription, assignation, assignment, association, connection, implication, imputation, incrimination, indication, insinuation, mention, quotation, reference, relation

ATTRITION, noun  decrease, disintegration, dwindling, erosion, fading, falling off, lessening, waning, wearing away

ATTUNE, verb  acclimatize, accommodate, accord, adapt, adjust, attemper, be harmonious, blend, bring into accord, bring into agreement, fit for a purpose, harmonize, make accordant, make adjustments, make agree, readapt, readjust, rectify, regulate, render accordant, resolve a discord, restore harmony, set right

ATYPICAL, adjective  aberrant, abnormal, anomalous, dissimilar, diverse, exceptional, never the same, nonuniform, unalike, unrepresentative, variable

AUCTION, noun  auctio, auctione vendere, public sale, public sale of property, sale by bid, sale by outcry, sale to the highest bidder, sub hasta vendere, vendue

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: auction license, auction sale, auctioneer, highest bidder, public sale

AUDACIOUS, adjective  assertive, bold, brash, brassy, brazen, bumptious, caustic, curt, dauntless, defiant, disdainful, disrespectful, forward, fresh, impertinent, impudent, insolent, obtrusive, pert, shameless, unabashed

AUDACITY, noun  audacia, audaciousness, bold front, boldness, bravado, brave face, bravura, confidence in one’s powers, daring, defiance of danger, derring-do, hardihood, intrepidity, nerve, overboldness, overdaring, protervitas, rashness, recklessness, scorn of the consequences, temerity, undauntedness, want of caution

AUDIENCE (Assembly), noun  assemblage, assembly, body, collection, conclave, conference, congregation, convention, conventus, convocation, crowd, encounter, gathering, mass, meeting, multitude

AUDIENCE (Listeners), noun  attendees, collection, crowd, group, group of people, guests, hearers, listeners, mass multitude, patrons, public, spectators, viewers

AUDIO RIGHTS, noun  audiocassette rights, audio reproduction rights, compact disc rights, sound recording rights

Generally: secondary rights, subsidiary rights

AUDIT, verb  bring into question, certify, check, check on, conduct an inquiry, examine, examine financial accounts, examine the accounts officially, go through the books, hold an inquiry, inspect, inspect accounts officially, investigate, monitor, probe, pursue an inquiry, rationes dispungere, reexamine, research, review, scrutinize, search, study, subject to examination

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: allowance of claim, audit of account, audited claims, auditor, auditor’s report, disallowance of claim, fraudulent audit

AUGMENTATION, noun  accessio, accessory, accrual, accruement, accumulation, adding, advance, advancement, aggrandizement, amplificatio, amplification, appreciation, appurtenance, broadening, build-up, cumulative effect, cumulativeness, development, enhancement, enlargement, enlarging, expansion, extension, gain, growth, improvement, increase, increasing, increment, intensification, magnification, progress, proliferation, redoubling, reinforcement, rise, something added, spread, supplement, widening

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: augmentation of assets, augmentation of estate

AUGUR, verb  anticipate, approximate, betoken, connote, divine, envision, estimate, forecast, foresee, fore-shadow, foretell, forewarn, harbinger, herald, omen, portend, predict, prefigure, presage, prognosticate, signal, signify, suggest, warn

AUSPICES, noun  abetment, aegis, assistance, auspicium, authority, backing, benign favor, care, charge, countenance, custody, encouragement, favor, favoring influence, fosterage, guardianship, guidance, management, oversight, patronage, protection, protectorship, recommendation, safeguard, sponsorship, superintendence, supervision, support, tutelage, wardenship, wardship

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: under governmental auspices

AUSPICIOUS, adjective betokening success, encouraging, favorable, favored by fortune, favoring, felicitous, felix, fortunate, good, hopeful, inspiriting, lucky, of good omen, of promise, opportune, portending happiness, presaging good fortune, promising, propitious, prosper, providential, roseate, successful

AUSTERITY, noun  abstemiousness, austeritas, bare subsistence, chariness, closed purse, economicalness, economy, frugality, frugalness, good management, husbandry, lack of luxury, meagerness, scantiness, scrimping, self-denial, self-restraint, severe discipline, severitas, severity, stinginess, stint, strictness, stringency, subsistence level, temperance, thrift, thriftiness, unwastefulness

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: austerity budget

AUTHENTIC, adjective  accordant with the facts, according to the facts, accredited, accurate, actual, as represented, attested, authoritative, bona fide, certus, credible, demonstrated, dependable, documented, entitled to acceptance and belief, factual, faithful, founded on fact, from competent sources, from the original data, genuine, genuine in origin, honest, inartificial, legitimate, literal, not apocryphal, not false, not fictitious, not spurious, not tampered with, of the origin reputed, original, positive, pure, real, reliable, solid, sound, true, trusted, trustworthy, unadulterated, uncounterfeited, undisguised, undistorted, unexaggerated, unfabricated, unfaked, unfeigned, unfictitious, unplagiarized, unquestionable, unsimulated, unspecious, unspurious, unsynthetic, valid, verifiable, veritable, verus, well-based, well-founded, well-grounded, worthy of belief

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: authentic act, authenticate, forgery, notaries

AUTHENTICATE, verb  accredit, affirm, approve, assert, attest, aver, avouch, avow, back up, certify, confirm, corroborate, declare, document, endorse, establish, guarantee, legitimize, profess, prove, reinforce, sanction, substantiate, support, testify to, validate, verify, vouch for, warrant, witness

AUTHOR (Originator), noun  architect, auctor, begetter, causer, composer, contriver, creator, deviser, discoverer, effecter, fabricator, founder, generator, inaugurator, initiator, innovater, institutor, introducer, inventor, maker, manufacturer, occasioner, organizer, parent, prime mover, producer, sire

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: copyright

FOREIGN PHRASES: Culpa tenet suos auctores.  Fault binds its own authors.

AUTHOR (Writer), noun  compiler, composer of a literary work, drafter, essayist, literary person, man of letters, person who writes, scriptor, verse maker

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: copyright, plagiarism

AUTHORITATIVE, adjective  accurate, approved, authentic, circumstantiated, compelling, complete, comprehensive, conclusive, confirmed, correct, decisive, definitive, dependable, exhaustive, important, indisputable, influential, irrefutable, justified, legitimate, masterful, momentous, official, predominant, preeminent, real, reliable, sanctioned, scholarly, sound, supported, thorough, true, trustworthy, truthful, undisputed, unequivocal, verified, veritable

AUTHORITIES, noun  administration, commanders, directors, executives, government, heads, magistratus, management, officeholders, officials, persons in office, persons of commanding influence, potestates, powers that be, rulers, those holding power, those in command, those in control, those of influence, those who rule

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: competent authorities, governmental authorities, lawful authorities, local authorities, municipal authorities, port authorities, turnpike and toll authorities

AUTHORITY (Documentation), noun  authoritative example, authoritative rule for future similar cases, court rule, decision, judgment, judicial decision establishing a rule, judicial precedent, legislative precedent, order, precedent, precept, prior instance, ratio decidendi, ruling, sanction, statute

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: established authority

AUTHORITY (Legal expert), noun  able, accomplished, acquainted, adept, adroit, all-knowing, apt, artful, capable, clever, cognizant, competent, conversant, deft, dexterous, effective, efficient, encyclopedic, experienced, facile, finished handy, ingenious, knowing, knowledgeable, learned, masterful, masterly, omniscient, practiced, prepared, professional, proficient, qualified, seasoned, skilled, skillful, trained, tried, versed, veteran, well-qualified, wise

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: forensic expert

AUTHORITY (Power), noun  auctoritas, authoritativeness, control, dominance, domination, force, governance, importance, influence, position of influence, position of power, powers that be, seniority, source, supremacy, sway

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: abuse of authority, acting under authority, actual authority, agency, apparent authority, authority by estoppel, authority coupled with an interest, authority of law, authority of the court, colorable authority, constituted authority, de facto authority, delegation of authority, express authority, general authority, implied authority, incidental authority, indicia of authority, lawful authority, legislative authority, limited authority, local authority, municipal authority, naked authority, parental authority, power of attorney, proxy, public authority, real authority, scope of authority, special authority, under cover of authority, unlimited authority, want of authority, written authority

FOREIGN PHRASES: Argumentum ab auctoritate est fortissimum in lege.  An argument drawn from authority is the strongest in the law. Majus dignum trahit ad se minus dignum. The greater authority appropriates to itself the lesser authority. Nihil tam proprium imperio quam legibus vivere. Nothing is so becoming to authority as to live in conformity with the laws. Non debet cui plus licet, quod minus est non licere. He who is given a greater authority ought not to be forbidden that which is less. Ubi non est condendi auctoritas, ibi non est parendi necessitas. Where there is no authority for establishing a rule, there is no need for obeying it. Firmior et potentior est operatio legis quam dispositio hominis. The operation of the law is more firm and more powerful than the will of man. Fortior et potentior est dispositio legis quam hominis. The disposition of the law has greater force and stronger effect than that of man. Judici officium suum excedenti non paretur. No obedience is to be given to a judge exceeding his office or jurisdiction. Legitime imperanti parere necesse est. One who commands lawfully must be obeyed. In maxima potentia minima licentia. In the greatest liberty there is the least freedom. Semper praesumitur pro legitimatione puerorum. The presumption always is in favor of the legitimacy of children.

AUTHORITY (Right), noun  jurisdiction, legal power, legitimacy, prerogative, right to adjudicate, right to command, right to determine, right to settle issues, rightful power

FOREIGN PHRASES: Omnis ratihabitio retrotrahitur et mandato priori aequiparatur. Every ratification relates back and is taken to be the equal of prior authority. Nullius hominis auctoritas apud nos valere debet, ut meliora non sequeremur si quis attulerit. No man’s influence ought to prevail upon us, that we should not follow better opinions should anyone present them. Nemo potest facere per obliquum quod non potest facere per directum. No man can do indirectly that which he cannot do directly. In rebus manifestis, errat qui auctoritates legum allegat; quia perspicua vera non sunt probanda. In clear cases, he errs who cites legal authorities because obvious truths are manifest and do not have to be proved.

AUTHORIZATION, noun  accreditation, approval, certification, clearance, compliance, consent, credentials, delegation, directive, empowerment, endorsement, go-ahead, granting, leave, legalized, legitimization, license, mandate, order, pass, permission, sanctioned, warrant

AUTHORIZE, verb  accord, accredit, acquiesce in, admit, advocate, affirm, agree to, allow, appoint, approve, assent to, assign, auctor esse, be favorable to, be in favor of, certify, charge, charter, commission, concede, confer a privilege, confer a right, confirm, confirm officially, consent to, consign, countenance, credit, declare lawful, delegate to, depute, empower, enable, endorse, endow, endow with power, enfranchise, entitle, entrust, establish, formalize, formally sanction, give a right, give authority, give leave, give permission, give power, go along with, grant, grant claims, grant permission, have no objection, homologate, interpose no obstacles, invest with power, legalize, legislate, legitimate, legitimatize, legitimize, license, maintain, make legal, make valid, permit, potestatem facere, prescribe, privilege, pronounce legal, put in force, put up with, recognize, recommend, release, restore permission, sanctify, sanction, sanction a claim, sign, subscribe to, suffer to occur, support by authority, sustain, sustain by authority, tolerate, underwrite, validate, vest with a title, vouch for, vouchsafe, warrant

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: agency, delegation

FOREIGN PHRASES: Semper qui non prohibet pro se intervenire, mandare creditur.  He who does not prohibit the intervention of another in his behalf is deemed to have authorized it.

AUTOMATIC, adjective  allowed, authorized, axiomatic, common, customary, everyday, expected, familiar, frequent, habitual, immediate, ingrained, instant, instantaneous, instinctive, natural, perfunctory, permitted, recurrent, reflex, regular, robotic, routine, spontaneous, standard, standard-issue, subliminal, systematic, unconscious, unforced, unplanned, visceral

AUTONOMOUS (Independent), adjective  detached, existing as an independent entity, free, free to choose, self-contained, self-reliant, self-sufficient, self-supporting, uncoerced, uncompelled, unconstrained, uncontrolled, unrestricted

AUTONOMOUS (Self governing), adjective  at liberty, autarchic, autonomic, enfranchised, free, politically independent, self-determined, self-directing, self-ruling, sovereign

AUXILIARY, adjective  accessorial, accessory, added, additional, annexed, appurtenant, assistant, backup, contributory, excess, extra, further, peripheral, reinforcement, secondary, subordinate, substitute, supplemental, supplementary, supportive, surplus, tributary

AVAIL (Be of use), verb  aid, assist, assist in accomplishing a purpose, be good to, be of service, be of value, be profitable, be useful, benefit, bestead, bring to bear, confer a benefit on, do service, have efficacy, help, perform a function, prodesse, promote, serve, service, subserve, succor, suit one’s purpose, valere

AVAIL (Bring about), verb  accomplish, bear fruit, bring forth, cause, conduce, effect, effectuate, engender, evolve, generate, give origin to, give rise to, have force, meet the demand, occasion, produce, profit, provide, re uti, realize, render, succeed, suffice

AVAILABLE, adjective  accessible, approachable, at hand, at one’s disposal, attainable, convenient, fit, handy, obtainable, on call, on the market, open, reachable, ready, receptive, securable, suitable, to be had, unfilled, untaken, usable, vacant, willing, within reach

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: available remedies

AVENUE (Means of attainment), noun  approach, course, course of action, customary way, definite procedure, formula, manner, manner of working, means of access, method, method of attack, mode, mode of operation, procedure, process, scheme, standard procedure, system, tack, technique, way, ways and means

AVENUE (Route), noun  approach, boulevard, channel, corridor, course, egress, entrance, entry, ingress, passage, passageway, path, principal thoroughfare, road, roadway, street, way

AVER, verb  acquainted with, affirm, agree, alert to, attest, avouch, circumspect, cognizant, confirm, conscious of, consent, conversant with, declare, defend, depose, discerning, emphasize, ensure, excellent judgment, familiar with, farsighted, grounded, guarantee, incisive, informed, keen judgment, knowing, knowledgeable, learned, maintain, observant, penetrating, perceptive, perspicuous, present, proclaim, profess, pronounce, prove, reaffirm, reassert, recount, regardful, sagacious, savvy, scholarly, sensitive to the situation, sophisticated, state, stress, support, swear, testify, understanding, understanding of the facts, undertake, well-informed, wise, witting

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: acknowledgment, affidavit, perjury

AVERAGE (Midmost), adjective  center, centermost, intermediate, mean, mean proportioned, medial, median, mediate, medium, mid, middle, middle class, middle grade, middlemost, middling

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: average annual earnings or wages, average capital, average charges, average daily attendance, average daily balance, average daily wage, average price, average speed, average value, average weekly wage, general average, gross average, income averaging, particular average, petty average, simple average

AVERAGE (Standard), adjective  common, commonplace, conventional, fair, mediocre, moderate, normal, normative, ordinary, passable, prosaic, stock, typical, unexceptional, unnoteworthy, usual

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: average man, average person, average quality

AVERMENT, noun  adjuration, adjurement, affirmance, affirmation, announcement, assertion, assertment, assertory oath, asseveration, attest, attestation, avouchment, avowal, confirmation, declaration, formulation, instrument in proof, positive declaration, positive statement, profession, pronouncement, solemn affirmation, statement of facts, statement on oath, swearing, testification, vouching, written statement

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: averment of facts, descriptive averment, general averment, material averment, negative averment, particular averments, pleading, unnecessary averments

AVERSE, adjective  adverse, alienus, antagonistic, antipathetic, aversus, disinclined, disliking, hostile, indisposed, inimical, loath, opposed, reluctant, repelled, repugnant, revolted, undesirous, unfavorable, unwilling

AVERT, verb  amovere, arrest, avertere, avoid, change the course of, check, counteract, deflect, deter, divert, fend off, forestall, head off, intercept, make possible the avoidance of, parry, prevent, prohibere, shove aside, shunt, stave off, thwart, turn, turn aside, turn away, turn to the side, ward off

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: averting danger

AVOID (Cancel), verb  annul, defeat, destroy the efficacy of, invalidate, make inoperative, make of no effect, make void, make wholly without effect, refute, vacate, void

AVOID (Evade), verb  abstain from, avert, balk at, decline, depart from, dodge, elude, escape, eschew, flee from, forbear, forsake, have nothing to do with, hold back, keep at a distance from, keep away from, keep clear of, make off, part company, refrain from, retreat, shun, shy away from, vitare

AVOIDANCE (Cancellation), noun  abrogation, annulling, annulment, canceling, cessation, discontinuation, dismissal, invalidation, making useless, nullifying, quashing, removal, rendering void, rescission, setting aside, vacating, vacation, voidance

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: avoidable preference, avoidance of contract, avoidance of will

FOREIGN PHRASES: Falsa demonstratione legatum non perimi.  A legacy is not nullified by an erroneous description.

AVOIDANCE (Evasion), noun  bypass, detour, deviation, dodge, elusion, eschewment, evasion, evasive action, parrying, refraining, retreat, shunning, sidestep

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: avoidable consequences, avoidance by the courts of question of constitutionality, avoidance of consequences, avoidance of risk, confession and avoidance, last clear chance, pleading in avoidance

AVOISON, noun  aggressively skirting the law, ahead of the law in tax, avoiding tax liability, ensuring minimum tax liability, exploit a legal ambiguity in tax, exploiting a legal loophole in tax, legal loophole, planning tax avoidance, pursuing a legal gray area in tax

AVOUCH (Avow), verb  acknowledge, affirm, affirm with confidence, allege, allege as a fact, assert, assert peremptorily, assert positively, assert under oath, asseverate, attest, aver, bear witness, certify, confirm, confirm by oath, contend, declare, declare openly, declare with positiveness, depose, maintain, make an assertion, make open affirmation, make solemn affirmation, proclaim, profess, pronounce, propound, put in an affidavit, reaffirm, reassert, solemnly affirm, state, state as true, state with conviction, swear, swear an oath, swear the truth, testify, vouch, vow

AVOUCH (Guarantee), verb  assume responsibility for, assure, authenticate, back, be answerable for, be surety for, certify, endorse, ensure, give assurance, insure, pledge, pledge one’s word, sponsor, underwrite, verify, vouch for, warrant

AVOUCHMENT, noun  acknowledgment, adjuration, affirmance, affirmation, assertion, asseveration, assurance, attest, attestation, averment, avowal, avowance, declaration, formulation, oath, open statement of affirmation, positive assertion, positive statement, proclamation, pronouncement, public declaration, solemn averment, solemn avowal, solemn declaration, statement of facts, swearing, testification, vouch, vow

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: affidavit

AVOW, verb  acknowledge, admit, admit frankly, affirm, allege as a fact, articulate, assert, assert on oath, assert peremptorily, assert under oath, asseverate, attest, authenticate, aver, avouch, be bound, bear witness, certify, commit oneself, confess, confirm, confiteri, contend, declare, declare openly, declare positively, declare the truth of, depose, enunciate, express, fateri, formulate, maintain, make a statement, make an assertion, postulate, predicate, proclaim, profess, profiteri, pronounce, propound, protest, set down, speak, state, state as true, state with conviction, swear, take one’s oath, testify, vouch, vow, witness

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: affidavit, testimony

AVOWAL, noun  acknowledgment, adjurement, affirmance, affirmation, assertion, asseveration, attestation, authentication, averment, aveu, avouchment, avowance, confessio, confession, confirmation, contention, corroboration, declaration, endorsement, legal pledge, open declaration, positive statement, profession, pronouncement, protestation, statement, statement on oath, testimony, validation, verification

AVULSION, noun  divulsion, evulsion, forcible extraction, plucking out, ripping out, tearing away, tearing off, violent separation, wresting

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: accretion, erosion, riparian rights

AWARD, noun  act of judgment, action, adjudgment, adjudication, authoritative decision, decision, decree, determination, edict, finding, grant, judication, judicial decision, judicial sentence, opinion, order, order of the court, pronouncement, pronouncement by a court, recorded expression of a formal judgment, resolution, result, ruling, ruling of the court, verdict, warrant

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: arbitration and award, award of damages, compensatory award, confirmation of an award, monetary award, punitive award

AWARD, verb  act on, addicere, adiudicare, adjudge, adjudge to be due, adjudicate, bestow by judicial decree, bring in a verdict, conclude, decide, decree, decree by deliberate judgment, decree to be merited, deliver judgment, determine, establish, find, fix, ordain, order, pass judgment, pass sentence, pass upon, pronounce, pronounce judgment, pronounce on, rule, settle

AWARE, adjective  acquainted, alert, apperceptive, apprehensive, apprised, astute, aware, clear-sighted, cognitive, cognizant, comprehending, conscious, conversant, discerning, discriminating, knowing, knowledgeable, familiar, informed, percipient, perspicacious, proficient, sagacious, sensible to, understood, well-posted, well-versed

AWAY, adjective at a distance, distant, far, far away, far-off, further away, in the background, in the distance, inaccessible, long distance, long range, out of range, out of reach, out of sight, outlying, remote, removed, separated, unapproachable, uncommunicative, unresponsive

AWE, verb  affect, amaze, arouse, astonish, astound, blow away, bowl over, bulldoze, electrify, excel, excite, grab, grandstand, impress, inspire, move, outdo, pique, show off, stimulate, stir, strike, stun, succeed, thrill

AWFUL, adjective  abhorrent, abominable, atrocious, beneath contempt, contemptible, deplorable, despicable, detestable, dreadful, drive, foul, frightening, frightful, ghastly, ghoulish, gruesome, harrowing, hateful, heinous, horrendous, horrid, horrifying, indefensible, loathsome, macabre, obnoxious, odious, offensive, outrageous, pathetic, pitiful, repellent, reprehensible, repulsive, revolting, shameful, shocking, terrible, terrifying, unspeakable, vile, villainous, wholly inadequate

ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: deplorable conditions

AWKWARD (Inconsistent), adjective  conflicting, cumbersome, discordant, disparate, ill-advised, improper, inapplicable, inapposite, inappropriate, incongruous, inconsistent, maladroit, misdirected, misguided, nonconforming, out of place, painful, peculiar, unfit, unsettling, unsound, unsuitable, wrong

AWKWARD (Inelegant), adjective  abashed, amateurish, boorish, botched, bungling, careless, clumsy, crude, fumbled, graceless, incompetent, inept, inexpert, sloppy, tacky, tactless, uncouth, undiplomatic, ungainly, unpolished, unprofessional, unskilled

AXIOMATIC, adjective  a priori, absolute, aphoristic, apodictic, apparent, ascertained, assured, beyond all question, beyond dispute, categorical, certain, decided, decisive, definite, determinate, doubtless, incontestable, incontrovertible, indubious, indubitable, irrefutable, manifest, positive, questionless, self-evident, sententious, solid, sure, unambiguous, unchallengeable, uncontested, undeniable, undisputed, undoubted, unequivocal, unimpeachable, unmistakable, unquestionable, unquestioned, well-founded