milk

PERFECT portions: 1 cup

Three 8-ounce (250-milliliter) servings a day of low-fat milk or other dairy products, such as yogurt, may help tame insulin resistance and also provide much of the calcium you need.

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VERY LOW

There’s something rather mysterious about milk in relation to blood sugar. It moves the needle only a smidge, which isn’t surprising since it’s fairly low in carbohydrates and rich in protein (a perfect combination for steadying blood sugar). But researchers think there’s some natural component in milk that may help directly protect against insulin resistance, a forerunner of type 2 diabetes.

Two Harvard studies found that people who made dairy foods part of their daily diets were 21 percent less likely to develop insulin resistance and 9 percent less likely to develop type 2 diabetes for each daily serving of dairy they had. Pretty impressive! (Apparently not everyone has gotten the word, though: Some Web sites actually tell you that milk causes diabetes.)

Health Bonus

Milk is, of course, rich in calcium and vitamin D, both important for shoring up bone. Fat-free milk actually has more calcium than whole, and all milk including the low-fat and fat-free varieties are good sources of vitamin D. Vitamin D is a “don’t miss” vitamin: Experts are realizing not only that our needs for it are higher than previously thought—and our blood levels woefully low—but also that it may play a role in helping to prevent type 2 diabetes.

Does Milk Help You Lose Weight?

While scientists are still studying the effect of dairy foods and calcium on weight loss efforts, some of the news is indeed promising. One randomized trial found that 49 volunteers who ate a high-dairy/high-calcium diet for 12 weeks experienced less hunger and slightly more weight loss than participants who followed a diet low in dairy and calcium.

Another study involved a weight loss regimen for 90 overweight and obese women that included a low-calorie diet, daily exercise, and varying amounts of protein and dairy food. These researchers reported that the women who consumed a high-protein/high-dairy diet lost more visceral fat and gained more muscle tissue than the lower-protein/low-dairy groups.

Low-fat dairy foods such as fat-free milk are also a cornerstone of the doctor-recommended DASH diet proven to help control high blood pressure.

Cooks Tips

If you’re not a fan of fat-free milk because it’s too thin, try ultra-pasteurized, 1% low-fat milk, or low-fat milk with added protein.

Menu Magic

images Create “cream” of carrot or tomato soup using fat-free evaporated milk. Thicken it with a small amount of flour.

images Enjoy a soothing cup of chai once in a while instead of coffee.

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