1. The Fall

0.      The first space in the Louvre to be open to the public, in November 1793.

0.      Simone Signoret, La Nostalgie n’est plus ce qu’elle était (Paris: Éditions du Seuil, 1975).

0.      First published in France in 1938, it was translated into English in 1949 as The Diary of Antoine Roquentin (London: John Lehmann, 1949) and in 1965 as Nausea (London: Penguin Books, 1965).

0.      Anthony Cronin, Samuel Beckett: The Last Modernist (New York: HarperCollins, 1996), p. 306.

0.      Ibid., p. 307.

0.      Needless to say, the film was not well received at the time of its release. It was heralded as a masterpiece on a par with Citizen Kane only after its rerelease in 1956.

0.      Letter shown in the film documentary Illustre et inconnu, by Jean-Pierre Devillers and Pierre Pochart (Ladybird Films, France 3, 2014).

0.      Le Figaro, September 24, 1939.

0.      He wrote about it magnificently in Arthur Koestler, Scum of the Earth (Jonathan Cape, 1941).

0.    Wineapple, Genêt, p. 161.

0.    Villa Gerbier.

0.    The MoMA held the first American Picasso retrospective, in collaboration with the Art Institute of Chicago, Picasso: Forty Years of His Art (MoMA Exh. #91, November 15, 1939–January 7, 1940). The exhibition included approximately three hundred works, some of which had never been exhibited before. Attendance at the museum peaked at approximately fifteen thousand visitors per week. Source: MoMA.org.

0.    A Paris school of thought and historiography founded in the late 1920s, highly influential especially in Europe and Latin America. It stressed the importance of social scientific methods for historians, with a strong emphasis on social history.

0.    She had opened her bookshop on November 17, 1919. It faced another bookshop, that of her lover Adrienne Monnier, at number 7 rue de l’Odéon.

0.    Charles Glass in Americans in Paris: Life and Death Under Nazi Occupation 1940–1944 (New York: Harper Press, 2009), p. 32.

0.    Cronin, Samuel Beckett: The Last Modernist, p. 315.

0.    Ibid., p. 69.

0.    Ibid., p. 73.

0.    Speech in the House of Commons, June 4, 1940.

0.    Ibid., p. 73.

0.    An operation that required confirmation from the Irish side that the money was there. Cronin, Samuel Beckett: The Last Modernist, p. 315.

0.    Glass, Americans in Paris.

0.    A. J. Liebling, The Road Back to Paris (New York: Paragon House, 1980), p. 80. Introduction by Raymond Sokolov, his biographer.

0.    Hazel Rowley, Tête-à-tête: The Lives and Loves of Simone de Beauvoir and Jean-Paul Sartre (London: Chatto and Windus, 2006).

0.    Glass, Americans in Paris.

0.    Florence Gilliam, France: A Tribute by an American Woman (New York: E. P. Dutton, 1945).

0.    As he referred to her in his correspondence to his friends.

0.    Gilliam, France: A Tribute.

0.    “La ville sans regard.”

0.    The American diplomat George F. Kennan tried to find the right metaphor: “Was there not some Greek myth about the man who tried to ravish the goddess, only to have her turn to stone when he touched her? That is really what has happened to Paris. When the Germans came, the soul simply went out of it; and what is left is only stone.” Extract from his diary written on July 3, 1940, and published in George F. Kennan, Sketches from a Life (New York: Pantheon Books, 1989).

0.    Liebling, The Road Back to Paris, p. 155.