INDEX

 

 

See also media coverage of terrorism

Abdel-Rahman, Omar, 31

Abdul-Latif, Abu Khalid, 175–79, 193

Abdullahu, Agron, 165–68

See also Fort Dix Five

Abraham, Patrick, 68, 83

See also Liberty City Seven

Abuali, Hussein, 216

Abuali, Nasser, 216

Abu Ghraib, 31

ACLU (American Civil Liberties Union), 49, 54, 105, 107, 110, 131, 207

See also civil rights

Acosta, Alex, 72–73

Afghanistan, 21, 25, 26, 27, 43, 105-106, 133, 161, 202, 210, 222

Ahearn, Peter, 27–28, 45, 198, 233

Ahmed, Farooque, 213

Ahmed, Rabi, 216

Akili, Khalifah Al-, 219–24

Aksoy, Hakki Cemal, 60, 64

Al-Akili, Kalifah, 219–24

Alanssi, Mohamed, 158–63

al-Awlaki, Anwar, 25–26, 185

al-Aziz, Farouk. See Monteilh, Craig

Albany, New York, terror plot.

See Hossain, Mohammed.

Albany Times Union, 131

See also media coverage of terrorism

Almighty Black P. Stone Nation, 77–78, 84;

al-Moayad, Mohammed Ali Hassan, 159, 162, 163

Al Qaeda:

FBI agents and informants posing as operatives of, 10–11, 62, 72–73, 80–83, 85, 160–61, 173, 174, 213, 225;

FBI early awareness of, 35–39, 52 (see also O’Neill, John);

FBI perception of, 53;

focus of CIA Counterterrorism Center, 47;

operations and influence since September 11, 2001, 25–27, 42–43, 226;

presence in the United States, 193, 207;

referenced in George W. Bush’s 2003 State of the Union address, 202;

responsible for fewer terrorism plots than the FBI, 23–24;

role in September 11, 2001, attack, 24–25;

salafism in, 182;

See also Inspire magazine; Khan, Samir; Lackawanna Six; Mandhai, Imran; Mehanna, Tarek; Moayad, Mohammed Ali Hassan al-; Padilla, José; Shukrijumah, Adnan El; Yazid, Mustafa Abu al-; Zazi, Najibullah

al-Saidi, Abbas, 73, 75–80, 84, 87

See also Liberty City Seven

Al-Shabaab, 24

al-Yazid, Mustafa Abu, 97

al-Zawahiri, Ayman 193

American Civil Liberties

Union, 49, 54, 105, 107, 110, 131, 207

See also civil rights

Andreu, Patricia, 67-68

See also media coverage of terrorism

An-Nur Islamic Center, 219

Ansar al Islam, 131

anti-Semitism, 11, 83, 138–40, 142, 146–49, 170, 197

See also Cromitie, James; Ku Klux Klan; Newburgh Four; Shareef, Derrick;

white supremacist movement

Arango, Jacqueline, 86

Arar, Maher, 137

Aref, Yassin, 120–21, 125–32

Arkansas domestic terror attack, 228–32

See also extremism and extremists; Kane, Jerry R.; sovereign citizen movement; terrorism, domestic

Assaad, Elie, 60–64, 67, 73, 79–84, 87-88, 95, 180

Atheea, Master G.J.G., 84–85

Atta, Mohamed, 58

Augustin, Burson, 68, 83, 88 See also Liberty City Seven

Augustine, Rothschild, 68, 83 See also Liberty City Seven

Awlaki, Anwar al-, 25–26, 185

Ayloush, Hussam 112, 113

See also CAIR

Aziz, Farouk al-. See Monteilh, Craig

Bakalli, Besnik, 164–68

See also Fort Dix Five

Baltimore, Maryland, terror plot. See Martinez, Antonio.

Bangladesh, 115–116, 130–31

Barry University, 94

Batiste, Narcisse, 74

See also Liberty City Seven

Batiste, Narseal, 68, 73–75, 77–86, 235

See also Liberty City Seven

Bay, Sultan Khan. See Charles James Stewart

bayat, 81–83, 85

Begin, Menachem, 236

Bergman, Lowell, 13–15

Berky, Rad, 70

See also media coverage of terrorism

Bhutto, Benazir, 118, 136

Bieshelt, Joseph, 223

bin Laden, Osama:

Americans’ perception of, 135;

adherent of salafism 182;

inspiration for terror plots, 10, 167, 178, 202, 212;

FBI agents and informants claiming to have ties to 62, 79–83;

FBI early awareness of, 36–37;

forced into hiding, 25;

responsible for fewer terrorism plots than the FBI, 23–24;

See also Al Qaeda; Lackawanna Six; Niazi, Amadullah Sais

Blind Sheikh, The, 31

Board of Immigration Appeals, 98

See also immigration

“Bojinka” bomb plot, 36

Boston Globe, The, 110, 129

Brandenburg v. Ohio, 110

Briccetti, Vincent L., 190–91

Brooklyn, New York, terror plot. See Shah, Tarik

Broward Community College, 59, 63

Brown, John, 235–36

Buffalo, New York, terror plot.

See Lackawanna Six

Bulger, Whitey, 155

See also informants: criminality of; organized crime

Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, 47

Bush, George W., 33, 39, 47, 68–69, 91, 96, 128, 156, 162, 191, 194, 202–203

See also war on terror

CAIR (Council on American-Islamic Relations), 54, 97–98, 106, 112–113, 205

Capitol Building terror plot. See Ferdaus, Rezwan

Capraro, Anthony, 66

Carley, Barbara A., 72

CBS, 68, 188

See also media coverage of terrorism

Chicago, Illinois, terror plot. See Liberty City Seven

Choudhury, Nusrat, 105

See also ACLU; civil rights

CIA, 16, 39, 46-49, 58, 68, 128, 185

Circuit City. See Fort Dix Five

citizenship. See immigration

civil rights 48–55, 57, 101–103, 110, 112, 205, 225–226

See also ACLU; CAIR; Muslim Advocates

CNN, 191

See also media coverage of terrorism

Cointelpro, 16, 45

Cole, David D., 198

Coll, Timothy, 120, 126, 132

Confidential Informant Accountability Act, 157

Conrad, Miriam, 175

Cornell University, 101

Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR), 53, 97–98, 106, 112–113, 205

counterterrorism. See FBI;

surveillance; war on terror

Cromitie, James, 138–52, 190–91, 197, 202, 222, 235, 236

See also Newburgh Four

Cummings, Arthur, 40-44, 51, 226–27

Daily Show, The, 204

Dallas, Texas, terror plot, 211–13

D’Amuro, Pat, 39–41

Davis, Anthony. See Abdul-Latif, Abu Khalid

Dawadi. See Eldawoody, Osama

DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration), 28, 29, 47, 106

Decatur, Illinois, terror plot. See Finton, Michael

Delta, 45-46

See also FBI: data tracking

Demarest, Joseph, 150

Department of Homeland Security 41, 227–28

Department of Justice:

evaluation of immigration judges, 96;

function and mission, 23, 157, 206;

manipulation of terror-related information, 71–72, 203, 206–207, 213–17, 226;

position on FBI practice of trash covers, 102;

public relations, 71–72, 203, 213–214;

terrorism prosecutions 11–12, 14, 16–17, 24, 30, 33, 85–86, 88, 215–16, 234–35;

use of informants, 154;

use of terrorism experts, 128–29;

See also exaggeration of terrorism threat by the U.S. government; FBI; war on terror

deportation, 93–101, 103, 120, 164

See also FBI: informant recruitment methods; ICE; immigration

DiLauro, Michael A., 66

Dimitri, William A., 66

DIOG (Domestic Investigations and Operations Guide), 41–42, 51, 101

See also FBI: policy

Dirty Bomber, The, 91–92, 95, 128

disruption (FBI counterterrorism policy), 26

See also FBI: policy

Domain Management, 48–55

See also FBI: data tracking

Domestic Investigations and Operations Guide, 41–42, 51, 101 See also FBI: policy

Domingue, Frederick, Jr. See Walli Mujahidh

Drug Enforcement Administration, 28, 29, 47, 106

drug stings compared to terror stings, 28-29, 57–58, 206–207

Dube, James, 66

Duka, Dritan, 164–68, 235

See also Fort Dix Five

Duka, Eljvir, 164–68

See also Fort Dix Five

Duka, Shain, 164–68

See also Fort Dix Five

Egypt, 30, 31, 95, 97, 108, 164–65, 216

Egyptian Islamic Jihad, 97

El Al Airlines, 30, 234–35

Eldawoody, Osama, 31–32

Elgindy, Amr I., 216

Elshafay, James, 31–32

Emerson, Steven, 129

See also terrorism experts

entrapment, 22–23, 150, 162, 179, 181, 196–98, 205–206, 223, 225–26

Espionage Act, 33

Evans, Bill, 228–30

exaggeration of terrorism threat by the U.S. government, 16–17, 33, 72–73, 145–46, 201–217, 224–25, 234–36

See also entrapment; FBI: criticism of; media coverage of terrorism; press conferences and press releases

extraordinary rendition, 137

See also deportation; ICE; immigration

extremism and extremists, 227–32

See also Islam: extremism and extremists; Kane, Jerry R.; Ku Klux Klan; sovereign citizen movement; terrorism: domestic; white supremacist movement

Facebook, 20, 25, 102, 214

Farahi, Foad, 91–100, 111, 137

Farhane, Abdulrahman, 159–60

FBI:

accountability, 157–58, 179–80; 195–96, 214–216, 224–25;

attitude toward Islam, 53;

budget and finances, 16–17, 44, 201–202, 234;

coercion of informants, 91–114;

community outreach programs, 49–50;

criticized by current and former agents, lawyers, and government officials, 32-33, 49, 68–69, 112–13, 157, 195–96, 205, 207–211, 231–32;

culture of, 207–211;

data tracking, 11, 44–55 See also Delta; Domain Management;

exaggeration of terrorism threat (see exaggeration of terrorism threat by the U.S. government; see also entrapment; media coverage of terrorism; press conferences and press releases);

failure to record conversations in stings, 139, 148, 181–99;

history, 16, 27, 28, 35–47, 50–51, 57, 232–33;

informant recruitment methods, 50, 54, 91–114, 120–21 (see also deportation; immigration; no-fly list; trash covers);

lawsuits against, 54, 105, 107 (see also ACLU, CAIR);

management of informants, 45-46, 61–62, 77, 114, 126, 137, 151–52, 156;

policy, 30, 37–38, 42–44, 54–55, 97, 100–101, 152, 198, 205–206 (see also DIOG, trash covers);

selection of sting targets, 158;

structure, 39–41, 47;

surveillance of Muslim communities, 16–17, 26–27, 42–44, 48–55, 91–114, 137–38, 159, 193–94, 209–211, 217, 225–27, 232 (see also Muslim communities in the United States; surveillance);

use of technology, 46, 195, 213 (see also FBI: data tracking)

FBI Academy, 51-52

FBI National Academy Associates, 51-52

Ferdaus, Rezwan, 174–75, 180

Finton, Michael, 171–74, 180, 235

First Amendment. See ACLU; CAIR; civil rights

Fitzpatrick, William, 167–68

Florida International University, 94

Fort Dix Five, 163–68, 171, 197, 216, 235

Fort Hood, Texas, 26

Fort, Jeff, 77–79, 84

Fountain Place terror plot, 211–13

Fox News, 227

See also media coverage of terrorism

Freeh, Louis, 36, 46

Frontline, 213–14

See also media coverage of terrorism

Fuller, Myron, 209–211

Fuller, Robert, 137-139, 142, 145, 148–49, 162

funding of counterterrorism. See FBI: budget and finances

Gaddafi, Muammar, 33, 78

George Washington University, 128

Georgetown University, 198

German, Michael, 207–208

Gilbert, Howard, 58–67, 73, 87-88, 89, 95

Gonzales, Alberto, 72, 204

Good Morning America, 211–13

See also media coverage of terrorism

Grand Central Station terror plot. See Zazi, Najibullah

Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, 12, 41, 161, 215

Hadayet, Hesham Mohamed, 30, 234–35

Hamas, 24, 81, 216

Harpers Ferry, 235–36

Harrington, Thomas J., 41

Harry’s Game, 236

Hassan, Nidal, 26

Hastbacka, Mark, 67, 77

hawaladars, 158–59

Hayat, Umer, 194–95

Hayat, Hamid, 194–95, 235

Herald Square terror plot. See Siraj, Shahawar Matin

Herrera, Naudimar, 68, 83, 86

See also Liberty City Seven

Hogan’s Alley, 51

Holder, Eric, 12, 13, 34, 105, 205–206, 215–16

Holliday, Carey, 95–96

Hoover, J. Edgar, 16, 26, 28, 57, 196

See also FBI: history

Hossain, Mohammed, 115–135, 216, 222, 235

House of Knowledge bookstore, 158–60

Houston, Texas, terrorism prosecution, 225

Hussain, Haris, 153–54

Hussain, Muhammad. See Martinez, Anthony

Hussain, Shahed, 115–54, 161–62, 163, 190–191, 219–224

biography of, 118–20;

Department of Motor Vehicles scam, 119–20, 137;

dishonest bankruptcy filing, 136;

involvement in Khalifah Al-Akili sting, 219–24

involvement in Mohammed Hossain sting, 115–27, 132–34;

involvement in Newburgh Four sting, 137–49, 190–91;

purchase and ownership of Crest Inn Suites and Cottages, 136–37, 153–54

hype. See exaggeration of terrorism threat by the U.S. government; media coverage of terrorism; press conferences and press releases

ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement), 95–96, 100

Immigrants’ List, 98

immigration, 12, 15, 48, 50, 60, 64, 92–102, 106, 107, 113-114, 119, 137, 227

See also deportation; FBI: informant recruitment methods; ICE; political asylum

Immigration and Customs Enforcement, 95–96, 100

informants. See Alanssi, Mohamed; Assaad, Elie; Bakalli, Besnik; Eldawoody, Osama; Gilbert, Howard; Hussain, Shahed; Khan, Naseem; Martinez, Luis; Monteilh, Craig; Omar, Mahmoud; Saidi, Abbas al-; Shelby, Theodore;

as agents provocateurs, 13-14, 16, 24, 30, 32–33, 57–58, 88, 197, 223 (see also entrapment);

characteristics of, 61–62, 114, 132, 136, 151–53;

compensation of, 32, 45, 64, 87, 129, 137, 149, 151–53, 162, 168, 171, 175, 178, 193; criminality among, 106, 114, 136–37, 155–81, 190, 223–24 (see also Abdul-Latif, Abu Khalid; Bulger, Whitey; Ferdaus, Rezwan; Finton, Michael; Fort Dix Five; Hussain, Shahed; Martinez, Luis; Shareef, Derrick; Shelby, Theodore);

evolving role of, 57–58, 135-136;

statistics, 44-45, 112, 156, 235;

See also entrapment; FBI: coercion; FBI: informant recruitment methods; FBI: management of informants; war on terror

Inspire magazine, 25, 185

International Protective Services, 58, 67

Investigative Project on Terrorism Foundation, 129

IRA (Irish Republican Army), 236

Iran, 48, 94–96, 133

Iraq, 10, 26, 32, 48, 108, 120–21, 125, 133

Irish Republican Army, 236

Islam:

converts to, 26, 74, 138, 140, 144, 168, 171, 176, 224;

denominations of, 38, 94, 95;

extremism and extremists, 20, 31, 36, 41, 53, 108–110, 113, 129, 182, 210, 212, 226–27 (see also jihad; salafism);

history, philosophy, and tradition, 112, 122–23, 125, 158–59;

view of terrorism, 98;

See also Muslim communities in the United States

Islam, Talib. See Michael Finton

Islamophobia, 53, 211

Israel, 59, 63, 172–73, 236

Jaish-e-Mohammed, 24, 138, 143–44, 149

Jamaat-e-Islami, 129–31

Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen, 130

Jhones, Ana, 86

jihad, 22, 26, 62, 72, 81, 108–110, 122–25, 129, 132–34, 140, 159–61, 164–67, 172–73, 178, 185, 197, 212 220–22

Jihad Recollections, 185

Jokhan, Shueyb Mosaa, 60, 64, 65

Joint Base Lewis-McChord, 176–77

Joint Terrorism Task Force, 164

See also Western New York

Joint Terrorism Task Force

Jordan, 212

journalism and journalists.

See media coverage of terrorism

Justice Department. See Department of Justice

Kane, Jerry R., 228–32

Kane, Joseph, 228–32

Katz, Rita, 129

See also terrorism experts

Kellogg’s cereal bust, 216

Kelly, Ray, 215

See also NYPD

Kennedy, Edward, 103

Khan, Naseem, 193–95

Khan, Samir, 185

Khera, Farhana, 113

See also civil rights; Muslim Advocates; National Association of Muslim Lawyers

King, Martin Luther, Jr., 26, 45, 57

King, Peter, 215

Kohlmann, Evan, 128–131, 167

See also terrorism experts

Koran, 74, 95, 182

Ku Klux Klan, 26, 38, 45, 110

See also anti-Semitism; extremism and extremists; terrorism: domestic; white supremacist movement

Kurzban, Ira, 93, 98–99

Kuwait, 12, 25, 94

Lackawanna Six, 27, 202–203, 233

Lashkar-e-Taiba, 24, 142

LeBrun, Fred, 131

See also media coverage of terrorism

left-wing extremism, 227–28

See also extremism and extremists

Lemorin, Lyglenson, 68, 83, 85-86

See also Liberty City Seven

Liberty City Seven, 67–89, 180, 195, 203–204, 216

Lindh, John Walker, 172

Lodi, California, terrorism sting, 193–95

lone wolf, 26–27, 30–31, 43-44, 143, 209, 224, 226

See also terrorists: characteristics of

Los Angeles terror plot, 30

Luibrand, Kevin A., 130–31

Lynch, Stephen F., 157

Madoff, Bernie, 233

Mafia. See organized crime

Maldonado, Daniel, 108

Mandela, Nelson, 103, 236

Mandhai, Imran, 59–67, 73, 77, 79, 91, 95, 180, 235

March, Andrew F., 110

Marino, Thomas A., 10

Martinez, Antonio, 19–24, 26, 189–90, 213–214, 235, 236

Martinez, Luis, 155–56

Mashal, Ibraheim “Abe,” 104–105

Masjid Al-Ikhlas, 138–40

Masjid As-Salam, 121

McAvoy, Thomas, 131

McCarthy, Terry, 188

See also media coverage of terrorism

McFeeley, Richard, 214

McMahon, Colleen, 150–51

McMahon, Rory J., 75–76

media coverage of terrorism, 67–68, 70–73, 163, 188, 204, 205, 211–215, 224–225, 231

Mehanna, Tarek, 107–111

mental illness among subjects of terrorism stings, 9–11, 32, 138, 158, 174, 176–78, 193, 226, 235

Metro Transit Police Department, 213

Miami, Florida. See Farahi, Foad; Gilbert, Howard; Liberty City Seven; Padilla, José

Miami Dade College, 94, 96

Miami-Dade Police, 64

Moayad, Mohammed Ali Hassan al-, 159, 162, 163

Mohammed, Khalid Sheikh, 12, 25, 215–16

Mohammed, Prophet, 53, 182

Mohamud, Mohamed Osman, 182–90, 195, 204–206, 235

Monteilh, Craig, 106–107, 113

Moorish Science Temple, 74, 77, 84

Moretto, Charlie, 156

Morgado, Mildred, 95

Mother Jones, 15–16, 219, 223

Mudd, Philip, 47–49, 52

Mueller, Robert, 38–40, 47, 202

mujahideen. See jihad

Mujahidh, Walli, 176–79, 193, 235

Mumbai, India, terrorist attacks, 142

Murphy, Wayne, 45

Murray, Nancy, 110,

Muslim Advocates, 112, 113, 205

See also civil rights

Muslim Alliance in North America, 140

Muslim communities in the United States:

affluence of, 101;

attitudes toward the FBI, 112–114;

FBI surveillance of, 16–17, 26–27, 41–44, 48–55, 91–114, 137–38, 159, 193–94, 209–211, 217, 225–27, 232;

immigration statistics, 100;

in Brooklyn, New York (Yemeni), 159;

in Dearborn, Michigan, 210–11;

in Lodi, California, 193–94;

in Newburgh, New York, 138;

interests and values, 113–114;

likelihood of supporting or harboring terrorists, 209–211;

NYPD surveillance of, 75;

See also FBI: surveillance of Muslim communities; Islam

Napolitano, Janet, 228

National Association of Muslim Lawyers, 113

National Legal Sanctuary for Community Advancement, 97

National Security Agency, 39

National Security Branch, 47, 226

NBC, 67–68

See also media coverage of terrorism

Newburgh Four, 137–153, 190, 202, 215, 222, 235, 236

Newsweek, 215

See also media coverage of terrorism

New York City: Brooklyn terror plot (see Shah, Tarik);

Herald Square terror plot (see Siraj, Shahawar Matin);

Khalid Sheikh Mohammed trial, 12, 215–16;

subway terror plot (see Zazi, Najibullah);

Times Square terror plot (see Shahzad, Faisal);

See also King, Peter; NYPD; September 11, 2011; World Trade Center

New York City Police Department, 75–77, 215

New York magazine, 128

New York Times, 49, 68–69, 72, 110

Niazi, Ahmadullah Sais, 105–107, 111, 113

no-fly list, 103–105, 184

Northeastern University, 174

NYPD (New York City Police Department), 75–77, 215

Obama, Barack, 33, 204, 227–28

Omar, Mahmoud, 164–68

O’Neill, John P., 35-39, 52, 161, 210

Operation Flex, 106–107

Oregon terror plot. See Mohamud, Mohamed Osman

organized crime, 14, 16, 28, 39, 44, 57, 101, 103, 155, 156, 192, 201, 209

Orihuela, Judy, 97

O’Rourke, Kevin, 66

O’Toole, George A., 111

Ouassif, Yassine, 97, 98, 111

overstatement. See exaggeration of terrorism threat by the U.S. government; media coverage of terrorism; press conferences and press releases

Pacheco, Gabby, 96

Padilla, José, 91–92, 95, 128

Pakistan. See Ahmed, Farooque; Al-Akili, Khalifa; Al Qaeda; Fuller, Myron; Hayat, Hamid; Hayat, Umer; Hussain, Shahed; Jamaat-e-Islami; Khan, Naseem; Lashkar-e-Taiba; Mohammed, Khalid Sheikh; Mohamud, Mohamed Osman; Siraj, Shahawar Matin; Smadi, Hosam; Yazid, Mustafa Abu al-; Yousef, Ramzi; Zazi, Najibullah

Pakistan’s Inter-Services Intelligence, 36

Palestinian Islamic Jihad, 24

Paudert, Bob, 229–32

Paudert, Brandon, 228–32, 234

Paul Findley Federal Building terror plot. See Finton, Michael

Payen, Laguerre, 145, 148–50

See also Newburgh Four

PBS, 213–14

See also media coverage of terrorism

Pedicini, Michael, 216

Pennsylvania terror stings.

See Al-Akili, Khalifah;

Reynolds, Michael Curtis

performance incentives. See informants: compensation of

Phanor, Stanley, 68, 83

See also Liberty City Seven

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 140–41, 165

Pioneer Square terror plot. See Mohamud, Mohamed Osman

Pistole, John, 203–204

Pittsburgh terror sting. See Al-Akili, Khalifah.

political asylum, 92–93, 95, 98–99, 119

See also immigration

polygraph, 61–62, 93, 180, 183

Portland, Oregon, terror plot.

See Mohamud, Mohamed Osman

preemption (FBI counterterrorism policy), 26, 86

See also FBI: policy

press conferences and press releases, 10, 23, 71–73, 150, 203–204, 205–206, 213

See also exaggeration of terrorism threat by the U.S. government; media coverage of terrorism prevention (FBI counterterrorism policy), 26

See also FBI: policy

Priest, Dana, 214

See also media coverage of terrorism

privacy. See FBI: surveillance of Muslim communities; surveillance

profiling, 225, 227

See also civil rights

public relations. See exaggeration of terrorism threat by the U.S. government; media coverage of terrorism; press conferences and press releases

public transit terror plots. See Ahmed, Farooque; Siraj, Shahawar Matin; Zazi, Najibullah

Quantico, Virginia, 50

racial profiling, 225

See also civil rights

Rahman, Abdul. See Cromitie, James

Rameau, Max, 69

Reagan, Ronald, 28, 61

recorder malfunction. See FBI: failure to record conversations in stings redemption. See sovereign citizen movement

Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, 216

Reynolds, Michael Curtis, 9–11, 13, 14, 17

Rice, Condoleezza, 103

right-wing extremism, 227–232

See also extremism and extremists, Kane, Jerry R.; Ku Klux Klan; sovereign citizen movement; terrorism: domestic; white supremacist movement

Ringel, Keith, 65-66

Riverdale, New York, terror plot. See Newburgh Four

Rockford, Illinois, terror plot.

See Shareef, Derrick

Rolince, Mike, 102-103

Rosenstein, Rod J., 23

Sabir, Rafiq, 161

SAE Productions, 129

Saidi, Abbas al-, 73, 75–80, 84-87

salafism, 182

Saleh, Tarek, 97–98, 111

Salman al-Farisi, 182

Saudi Arabia, 36, 158, 161, 172

Schumer, Charles E., 46

Sears Tower terror plot. See Liberty City Seven

Seattle, Washington, terror plot. See Abdul-Latif, Abu Khalid

September 11, 2001:

as inspiration to other terrorists, 72, 110;

failure of the U.S. govemment to prevent, 35-39, 210;

impact on FBI budget and finances, 44. 201-217:

impact on interagency cooperation, 47;

impact on U.S. law and juries. 88, 128, 198;

impact on recruitment of informants, 42, 44-46, 93, 155-57, 159;

impact on U.S. Muslim communities, 16, 27, 75, 89, 112, 211, 225;

influence on media coverage of terrorism, 70-73;

influence on U.S. foreign policy, 25-26;

influence on U.S. national security policy, 16-17, 23-27, 35-47, 68-71, 88-89, 103, 213-14, 224-25, 231-33 (see also FBI; no-fly list; surveillance);

terror threats to the United States since, 30-31, 55, 202, 215;

terrorism cases prosecuted since, 11-12, 24, 27-28, 30, 202, 236 (see also terrorism and terrorists);

trial of Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, 12, 215

Seymour, Gerald, 236

Shah, Tarik, 159–62, 219, 235

Shahzad, Faisal, 31, 215, 235

Shamsuddin Islamic Center, 91-92, 95, 99

Shareef, Derrick, 168–71, 180

Shaw, Michele, 178–79

Shelby, Theodore, 160–61, 219–21

Shnewer, Mohamed, 163–68

See also Fort Dix Five

Shukrijumah, Adnan Gulshair El, 63, 91–93, 95

Siraj, Matin Shahawar, 31–32

60 Minutes, 13

See also media coverage of terrorism

Sleeper Cell, 70

Smadi, Hosam, 211–213

Smith, Lamar, 227

Smith, William French, 28

social networking, 20, 25, 102, 214

Somalia, 26, 33, 108, 182–83, 208

Soufan, Ali, 39, 161

sovereign citizen movement, 27, 230–34

See also extremists and extremism; Kane, Jerry R.; right-wing extremism; terrorism: domestic

Springfield, Illinois, terror plot. See Finton, Michael

Sri Lanka, 216

Stalets, Trevor S., 172

Stanford, R. Allen, 233

Stewart, Charles James, 84–85

Stewart International Airport terror plot. See Newburgh Four

Stewart, Jon, 204

See also media coverage of terrorism

Sunshine, Edward R., 94, 96

surveillance, 68–69, 75, 104, 213–214, 231

See also FBI: surveillance of Muslim communities

Syria, 94, 106, 120, 131, 137

Tabor, Michael, 213

Taliban, 172, 212, 223–24

Tamil Tigers, 216, 236

Tatar, Serdar, 164–68

See also Fort Dix Five

Tennant, George, 46

terrorism and terrorists:

attacks in the United States, 30, 55, 201, 207 (see also September 11, 2001; World Trade Center);

characteristics, 30, 31, 43, 54-55, 214, 234, 235 (see also lone wolf);

definition, 12, 235–36;

degree of support within U.S. Muslim communities, 209–211;

domestic, 27, 37, 227–32 (see also extremism and extremists; Kane, Jerry R.; sovereign citizen movement);

Department of Justice list of those prosecuted in the United States since September 11, 2001, 12–13, 215–16;

experts, 128–129, 167 (see also Emerson, Steven; Katz, Rita; Kohlmann, Evan);

financial incentives, 142, 146, 148–49, 235 (see also Newburgh Four);

groups (see Al Qaeda; Al-Shabaab; Egyptian Islamic Jihad; Hamas; Jaish-e-Mohammed; Jamaat-e-Islami; Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen; Ku Klux Klan; Lashkar-e-Taiba; Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia; sovereign citizen movement; Taliban; Tamil Tigers; Virginia Jihad group);

presence within the United States, 24-25, 30-31, 34, 43-44, 70-71, 129, 201, 210–211, 234

(see also exaggeration of terrorism threat by the U.S. government; terrorism: domestic);

reentry into society, 88, 203;

sentencing:

Aref, Yassin, 131;

Brandenburg, Clarence, 110;

general, 197;

Finton, Michael, 174;

Fort Dix Five, 168;

Hayat, Hamid, 195;

Hossain, Mohammed, 131

Liberty City Seven, 86;

Mandhai, Imran, 64–65;

Mehanna, Tarek, 111;

Mujahidh, Walli, 179

Newburgh Four, 151;

Padilla, José, 91;

Sabir, Rafiq, 161;

Shah, Tarik, 161;

Shareef, Derrick, 171;

Siraj, Shahawar Matin, 32;

statistics, 30, 33–34, 86–89, 157, 197–99, 206–207, 215, 234–35;

training camps, 27, 30, 31, 43, 62, 64, 108–109, 137, 161, 194–95, 202;

trials:

Abdul-Latif, Abu Khalid, 178–79;

Aref, Yassin, 127–31;

Ferdaus, Rezwan, 175;

Fort Dix Five, 167–68;

general, 87–88, 152, 157, 196–99;

Hayat, Hamid, 195;

Hayat, Umer, 195;

Hossain, Mohammed, 127–31;

Kohlmann, Evan, 128–131;

Liberty City Seven, 85–86, 203;

Mandhai, Imran, 64–65;

masked informant as witness, 225;

Mehanna, Tarek, 108–111;

Moayad, Mohammed Ali Hassan al-, 163;

Mohammed, Khalid Shiekh, 12, 215–16;

Mujahidh, Walli, 178–79;

Newburgh Four, 146, 150–52, 190–91;

terrorism stings compared to drug stings, 29, 57–58, 206–207

Terrorist Screening Center, 103, 105

Thomas, James Marvin, Jr. See Al-Akili, Khalifah

Thomas, Pierre, 211–213

See also media coverage of terrorism

Thompson, Bennie, 227

Tidwell, J. Stephen, 51–55, 87–88, 191, 205

Times Square terror plot. See Shahzad, Faisal

Torres, Saeed. See Shelby, Theodore

Townsend, Frances, 191–92

Trans-Alaska Pipeline, 10, 13

trash covers, 42, 101–102

See also FBI: informant recruitment methods; FBI: policy

trials. See terrorism: trials

Trott, Stephen S., 61

Turley, Jonathan, 128

Twitter. See social networking

University of California, Berkeley, 13

Virginia Jihad group, 128

Wahhaj, Siraj, 140–41

Wahid, Khurrum, 68

war on drugs, 28–29, 57, 206

war on terror, 11–17, 23–27, 33–34, 38–55, 136, 201–217, 224–27

Washington, D.C., terror plot.

See Ahmed, Farooque

Washington Post, 63, 162, 163, 213–14

Watson, Dale, 37–38, 47, 70, 156–57

Wedick, James J., 85, 88, 193–96, 207–208

Western New York Joint Terrorism Task Force 27, 45, 233

See also Joint Terrorism Task Force

West Memphis, Arkansas, domestic terror attack, 228–32

white supremacist movement, 27, 110, 207

See also anti-Semitism; extremism and extremists; Ku Klux Klan; right-wing extremism; terrorism: domestic

Williams, David, 145, 148–50

See also Newburgh Four

Williams, Onta, 145, 148–50

See also Newburgh Four

Winter, Keith, 66

Wired magazine, 53

Withers, Ernest, 57

World Trade Center:

attack in 1993, 31, 35–36, 39, 210–11

attack on September 11, 2001 (see September 11, 2001)

Woudenberg, John, 175

Wright, Kathleen, 100–101

Wrigley Field terror plot, 226

Yale Unversity, 110

Yazid, Mustafa Abu al-, 97

Yemen:

birthplace of the Lackawanna Six, 27;

community in Brooklyn, New York, 159;

connection to Abbas al- Saidi, 73, 75, 78;

connection to Mohamed Alanssi, 158, 162–63;

connection to Mohamed Osman Mohamud, 184–85;

home of Anwar Al-Awlaki, 25–26, 185;

referenced in George W. Bush’s 2003 State of the Union address, 202;

United States at war with, 33;

visit by Tarek Mehanna, 108–110

Yousef, Ramzi, 35–36

YouTube, 25, 223-24

Zawahiri, Ayman al-, 193

Zazi, Najibullah, 15, 30-31, 215, 216, 235