This project would not have been possible without the support of the members of the administration, faculty, students, and staff of the National University of Health Sciences, who allowed us the time and facilities necessary to review the literature, write several drafts of text, and work on the development of supporting figures. We greatly appreciate their support of, and in some instances commitment to, this work.
In addition, many people have helped with the production of this book. We would like to take this opportunity to thank those who helped with proofreading portions of various drafts of the first through third editions of this work and whose suggestions were extremely helpful in the development of the final manuscripts. These people include Robert Appleyard, PhD; Joe Cantu, DC; Jim Christiansen, PhD; John DeMatte, DC; Richard Dorsett, DC; Rebecca Furlano, DC; Kris Gongaware, DC; Michael Kiely, PhD; Joshua K. Mack; Allan Mathieu, DC; James McKay, DC; Nathan Miller, DC; Carol Muehleman, PhD; Ken Nolson, DC; Joseph Papuga, DC; Nyarai S. Paweni; and Nancy Steinke, MS. A special thanks to Lynn Zoufal, MBA, who spent countless hours keying in editorial changes to the second edition manuscripts.
We would also like to thank Patrick W. Frank, DC, for his beautiful dissections of the muscles of the back, which appear in Chapter 4. The work of Victoria Hyzny, DC, and Terese Black, DC, ND, in the dissections that appear in Chapters 3, 5, 9, and 10 is greatly appreciated. The inexhaustible support of Joshua W. Little, DC, PhD, who performed countless literature searches and monitored the files for the literature for the second edition, was extremely valuable. Rebecca Furlano, DC, and Jennifer Dexheimer, BS, MT, assumed these important roles for the third edition. Christopher Allin, DC; Kim Anderson, DC; Terese Black, DC, ND; Jordan Bray; Matt Imber, DC; Anna M. Rodecki, DC; Gina Sirchio, DC; Michelle Steinys, DC; and Matt White, DC, also assisted with searching the literature and compiling the reference lists, and we thank them. We thank Judy Pocius, MS; Sheila Meadows, DC; and Terese Black, DC, ND, for organizational help with photographs and illustrations for the first and second editions. We are also grateful for the graphic support of Robert Hansen, BFA, and the computer graphics added by Dino Juarez, MA, to several of the magnetic resonance imaging scans found in Chapters 11 and 13. We are also grateful for the continuous support (from the first edition to the present) of the faculty and staff of the NUHS Learning Resource Center, especially Peggy Carey, BS, LTA, and Russ Iwami, MALS, for filling countless requests for difficult to find papers, many interlibrary loan requests, and innumerable additional requests for help.
The magnetic resonance imaging scans, computed tomograms, and x-ray films were graciously provided and labeled by William Bogar, DC, DACBR, of the National University of Health Sciences and Dennis Skogsbergh, DC, DABCO, DACBR. Many of the x-rays of spinal pathology and congenital anomalies were provided by Jeffery A. Rich, DC, DACBR. We would like to thank them for their contributions to this text. Where possible, diagnostic images are presented in a larger format than in the first edition (thank you for the suggestion, Dr. Barber).
We thank Michael L. Kiely, PhD, for his review of the entire manuscript for the first edition. We also appreciate the work and patience of the publishing staff at Elsevier Inc., particularly that of the executive editors: James Shanahan and Martha Sasser for the first edition; Christie Hart and Kellie White for the second edition; and Kellie White and Joe Gramlich for the third edition, and our project manager, Jeanne Genz. And, thanks to Thomas Grieve, DC, MPH for his help in proofreading the pages.
We would also like to gratefully acknowledge our parents, Dr. and Mrs. David Cramer (David deceased, March 2012, and Louise deceased, August 2012) and Mr. and Mrs. George Anderson (George deceased, May 2006, and Helen deceased, April 2011), whose encouragement and early instruction gave us a strong desire to learn more and to help others.
The outstanding teaching and mentoring of Mr. Curtis Dee Cooley and Drs. Joseph Janse, Delmas Allen, Liberato DiDio, William Potvin, Frank Saul, Dennis Morse, Richard Yeasting, Richard Lane, and Robert Crissman will never be forgotten. Their example provided much of the motivation for beginning, and completing, this endeavor. Thank you all very much.