Acheson, Dean G. 18n9, 37, 39–40, 57, 61n12, 79, 87n14
Act of Chapultepec (1945) 86
Adams, John 4
Adelman, Kenneth L. 110n13
Afghanistan
future regime 256–7
Operation Enduring Freedom 127, 133–4, 142–3, 222
Saur Revolution 104–6
US support for mujahedin 125–6, 197
Africa
and the Cold War 69, 83n12, 98, 101
Albright, Madeleine K. 179, 196n8, 201
Algeria 98
Allende, Salvador 94
Alsop, Joseph W. 36n11 America at the Crossroads (Fukuyama) 237–41, 243–5, 248, 250, 252–3
America in the World (ed. Hogan) 49n33
The American Interest (journal) 173, 249, 253
American-Russian Relations (Williams) 43–4
America’s Economic Supremacy (Adams) 7, 18n9
America’s Grand Strategy and World Politics (Art) 119n5, 209–17
America’s Strategy in World Politics (Spykman) 13–16, 24, 52–3
Arab Spring 141–2
Architects of Globalism (Hearden) 18n9
Aron, Raymond 207
Art, Robert J. 14n3, 119n5, 209–17, 225, 230–3
Asia
and the Cold War 69–70, 74–80, 83n12, 93
financial crisis 117
US operations 16, 65, 127, 146–7, 182, 196, 206
see also China; Eurasia; Japan; Korea
Assad, Bashar al- 140–1, 144, 256, 257
Atlantic Pact (1949) 58
Bacevich, Andrew J. 129n12, 235
Baghdad Pact 83–4
Bahrain 141
see also Bosnia; Kosovo
Barnett, Thomas P. M. 219–26, 228, 230–1, 232
Begin, Menachem W. 96
Beinart, Peter A. 164n8
Berger, Samuel R. ‘Sandy’ 121
Bin Laden, Osama 134
Bretton Woods 25, 92, 152, 211
Britain
colonies 27, 70–1, 78, 80, 98–9
imperial preference 18, 19, 25
and the Middle East 81n9, 82–3, 84, 104, 144–5
post–Second World War role 16, 25–6, 62, 211
during the Second World War 17, 61
Broad, William J. 261n3
Brzezinski, Zbigniew K.
and Afghanistan 107
and Clinton 116
and Fukuyama 253
and Ikenberry 179
and the Ogaden Crisis 101
political strategy 197–209, 215, 229, 230–1, 232–3
Bundy, McGeorge 88n16
Burma 76
Bush, George H. W. 111, 115, 116, 204–5
Bush, George W.
and Iran 222–3
and Iraq 125, 169, 178, 240–1, 244–5
neo-conservatism 181, 183, 205, 230
and religion 41
and Russia 131
Cambodia 97
Cambridge History of the Cold War (ed. Leffler and Westad) 47, 48
Camp David Accords 96–7
Carter, James E. ‘Jimmy’ 95, 96, 97, 102, 104n9, 198
The Case for Goliath (Mandelbaum) 174
Central America 6, 9, 86–7, 101–3, 107
see also Nicaragua; Panama
Cheney, Richard B. ‘Dick’ 230, 241
China
and Afghanistan 131
alliance with 93–4, 96, 97, 182, 221, 223
civil war 74
growing power 146–8, 152–3, 164, 203, 212–13, 226–8
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 115, 261
post–Second World War role 16, 25, 172
strategic encirclement 206–7, 209
and Syria 140
and the West 175, 184–5, 193–4, 196, 232–3
The Choice (Brzezinski) 198, 202
CIA (Central Intelligence Agency)
and Indonesia 79
and Latin America 87–8, 94n2, 103n8, 114
and the Middle East 82, 84, 114
Clark, Paul Coe 102n7
Clinton, William J. ‘Bill’ 116–22, 163, 176, 177–8, 205, 259
Coatsworth, John H. 103n8
Cold War
in Africa 98–101
aftermath 113–14, 151–2, 183–4, 191, 201, 238, 248
China and Russia 93–4
covert operations 66–7, 71–3, 82–3
economic order 51–6, 62, 108–11, 116–17
historiography 43–50
ideology 31–6, 40–2, 95, 151, 174–5
in Latin America 85–9, 94, 101–3
in the Middle East 80–5, 94–5, 96–7, 104–6, 125–6
Soviet foreign policy 30–1, 106–8
Truman Doctrine 29–30, 36–8, 42–3, 53
a US project 58n10
and Western Europe 55–9, 61–2, 91–2
The Contours of American History (Williams) 43–4
Czechoslovakia 34, 67, 107, 110
Dangerous Nation (Kagan) 192–3, 195, 225
de Gaulle, Charles 21
Democracy’s Good Name (Mandelbaum) 174, 178
Diplomacy (Kissinger) 161, 162
Dismantling the Empire (Johnson) 235
Dominican Republic 88
Dumbarton Oaks 25–6
Dutch East Indies 79
Eastern Europe
expansion of NATO 119–21, 131, 176, 178, 201–2, 212
response to revolts 67, 107–8, 110–11
see also Ukraine; USSR
Eden, R. Anthony 83
Egypt
and the Arab Spring 141
and Britain 80
and Israel 84, 85, 94–5, 96–7, 124
Suez crisis 83
Eisenhower, Dwight D. 82–3, 99n5
El Salvador 102
The End of History and the Last Man (Fukuyama) 237, 246–7, 251–2
The End of the American Era (Kupchan) 184
Eurasia 59, 69, 72n1, 200–4, 206, 208–9, 216
Europe
and the Cold War 46, 55–9, 61–2
colonies 27, 69–73, 76–80, 98–100, 123
economic alliance with US 145–6, 226–8
expansion of NATO 111, 119–21, 131, 176, 178, 201–2, 211–12
First World War 10–11
and the Iraq War 244–6
and the Middle East 136, 144–5
post–Second World War economy 92–3
resistance movements 19
see also Britain; Eastern Europe; France; Germany
European Union
and the Middle East 145
and Turkey 131
and Ukraine 258–60
and US power 184, 186, 192, 202, 232
‘The Exaggeration of American Vulnerability’ (Thompson) 38n16
Financial Times (newspaper) 244
Fisher, Louis 136n5
Foglesong, David S. 66n19
‘Foreign Policy as Social Work’ (Mandelbaum) 176
Forging a World of Liberty under Law (Ikenberry and Slaughter) 179–80
France
colonies 27, 35, 70–1, 76–8, 80–1, 98–9
and the Middle East 83, 84, 144–5, 245
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 115
post–Second World War economy 57–8, 92
during the Second World War 20–1
Franco, Francisco 20–1
Friedman, Thomas L. 177
The Frugal Superpower (Mandelbaum) 177, 178
Fukuyama, Francis 173, 231, 237–53
Gaddis, John Lewis 38n17, 44–6, 52n2
GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 59, 116
Germany
capture of Berlin 30n3
and the Middle East 136, 145, 245
post–Second World War economy 54, 58–9, 62, 91–2, 95–6, 152
and US hegemony 14–17, 21, 29, 47, 202
Gleijeses, Piero 87n14
The Global Cold War (Westad) 47, 49n33
God and Gold (Mead) 170–2, 224
Gorbachev, Mikhail S. 109–11, 118, 175
Gordon, Lincoln 88n16
The Grand Chessboard (Brzezinski) 198, 200–4
A Grand Strategy for America (Art) 214n32, 216
Great Powers (Barnett) 219–26, 228
Guantánamo 135
Gulf War 114–15, 121, 124, 128n12, 139, 204–5
Harding, Warren G. 11
Harper, John L. 22n13, 34n8, 47n30
Hearden, Patrick J. 44
Helms, Richard M. 87n14
Helsinki Accords 108
Hendrickson, David C. 128n12
Hogan, Michael J. 37n15, 49n33
Hull, Cordell 11, 12, 26, 57, 81
I
The Ideas that Conquered the World (Mandelbaum) 174, 178
Ikenberry, G. John 174, 179–83, 193, 196, 230–2
India 80, 131–2, 147, 205, 207, 223, 226
see also Vietnam
The Influence of Sea Power upon History (Mahan) 7
Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance (1947) 86
Iran
and Hezbollah 242
Islamic Republic 104–5, 143, 178, 257–8
nuclear capability 137–8, 180, 210, 222–3, 225, 231–2
oil 82–3
sanctions and cyber-war 138–9
and Syria 141
Iraq
Iran–Iraq War 105
Iraq Liberation Act (1998) 121–2, 125
Iraq War 127–32, 133–4, 172, 196–7, 205, 214, 222, 238–43
regional power 142
weapons of mass destruction 169, 178
ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria) 256, 257
Israel
Camp David Accords 96–7
and Palestine 142, 204–5, 212, 255
relationship with US 123–5, 137–8, 178–9, 231–2, 243–4
Six-Day War 84–5
Yom Kippur War 85
Jackson–Vanik amendment 95
Japan
economic growth 76, 91–2, 95–6, 152
future role 184, 203, 212–13, 260
Second World War deaths 159n2
and US power 14–15, 21, 146, 147, 181, 211
see also Hiroshima
Jefferson, Thomas 4
Johnson, Chalmers A. 128n12, 147n9, 235
Kagan, Robert 4n3, 189–97, 225, 229, 230–2, 238, 248
Karzai, Hamid 256–7
Kennan, George F.
and containment 33–6, 75n4, 77, 79n7, 98n4
and covert operations 67, 94n2
and democracy 39, 60, 61n13, 86
and the Middle East 82n10, 104n9
and national security 37
and religion 40–1
on Roosevelt 21n12
Kennedy, John F. 33, 41, 77–8, 87–8
Kennedy, Robert F. 87n15
Keynes, John Maynard 26n19
Kiernan, Victor 6n7
Kimball, Warren F. 49n33
Kissinger, Henry A. 94n2, 107, 161–2, 169n4, 179, 197–8
Kohl, Helmut 111
Kojève, Alexandre V. 247, 248–9, 252
Kolko, Gabriel 21n12, 24, 44, 48, 235
Korea 35, 75–6, 117, 160n2, 210, 212–13
Kornbluh, Peter 94n2
Krauthammer, Charles 244, 245–6, 249
Kristol, William 238, 248, 249
Kupchan, Charles A. 183–8, 193n5, 229, 230–1, 232
Kuwait 114
Lake, Anthony 176
Latin America
resources 69
US imperialism 14–15, 26, 35, 65, 70–2
see also Central America; South America
Layne, Christopher 129n12, 206n19, 234, 235
League of Democracies 194, 195–6, 231
Lebanon 80–1, 84, 124, 141, 245
Leffler, Melvyn P. 47–8, 53, 67n19, 163
Legro, Jeffrey W. 163
Liberal Leviathan (Ikenberry) 180–3
Libya 136–7, 140, 144, 145, 197, 257
The Logic of World Power (Schurmann) 23–5, 36n13
London Review of Books (journal) 253
Lumumba, Patrice E. 99
Mahan, Alfred T. 7
Malaya 76
Maliki, Nouri al- 256
Mandelbaum, Michael 156n1, 174–9, 193, 229, 231, 232
Manning, Chelsea E. 135–6
Mayers, David A. 82n10
Mazzetti, Mark 135n2
McCormick, Thomas J. 42n23, 43n24, 44, 49n33, 58n9
Mead, Walter Russell 159–61, 167–73, 224, 229, 230–1
Mearsheimer, John J. 165n8, 253
Middle East
Arab Spring 141–2
and the Cold War 65, 70, 80–5, 94–5, 125–6
disunity 142–3
Islamism 126–7, 164, 168, 172, 255–7, 246
war on terror 178, 191, 204, 242–3
see also Afghanistan; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Saudi Arabia; Syria; Turkey; Yemen
Miscamble, Wilson D. 30n2, 60n11, 67n20, 79n7
Mobutu Sese Seko 99
Monroe doctrine 85
Mortal Splendor (Mead) 167
Mussolini, Benito 20–1
NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) 116, 181–2
The National Interest (journal) 173, 243
National Security Act (1947) 37
National Security Council (NSC) 37, 148
NATO
and American hegemony 180–1, 210–11
expansion to the east 111, 119–21, 131, 176, 178, 212, 259
and Germany 59
and Russia 186, 201–2, 232, 258
Netherlands 78–9
Nicaragua 9, 101–3, 113, 189, 250
9/11 46, 122–3, 127, 168, 175, 191, 204, 242
Nitze, Paul H. 33, 66, 95, 116, 119
Nixon, Richard M. 91–5, 107, 136, 162, 227
No One’s World (Kupchan) 184–8
Noriega Morena, Manuel Antonio 114
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (1968) 115, 180, 261
Obama, Barack H. 41, 133–6, 138–9, 143–50, 196–7, 255–7, 261
Of Paradise and Power (Kagan) 189–92, 195
Ogaden crisis 101
Oil Crisis (1973) 95
Open Door policy 5, 9, 10, 18–19, 44, 55, 216
Operation Desert Storm 114–15, 121, 124, 128n12, 139, 204–5
Operation Enduring Freedom 127, 133–4, 142–3, 222 see also Afghanistan
Operation Odyssey Dawn 136–7, 140, 144, 145, 148, 197
Organization of American States (OAS) 86
Oslo Accords 141
O’Sullivan, John 4n4
Out of Control (Brzezinski) 198–200
Pahlavi, Mohammad Reza Shah 82, 104
Pakistan 80, 84, 106, 126, 134, 222
Palestine 81, 124, 126, 141–2, 204–5, 212, 231, 255
Perry, Matthew C. 5
Pétain, Philippe 21
Plaza Accord 1985 96
The Politics of War (Kolko) 19n10, 24, 44, 48, 63n15
Pollack, Kenneth 240
Popov, Vladimir 108n11
Portugal 100
Power, Terror, Peace and War (Mead) 168–9
Pravda, Alex 111n15
A Preponderance of Power (Leffler) 47, 53, 81n9
Princeton Project on National Security 179
Project for a New American Century 241–2
The Public Interest (journal) 238
Putin, Vladimir V. 131, 144, 221, 225, 258–9
The Radical Left and American Foreign Policy (Tucker) 53n4
Reagan, Ronald W. 102, 105, 109, 110n12, 208, 238
The Resurgence of the West (Rosecrance) 226–7
The Return of History and the End of Dreams (Kagan) 193–4, 196
Reverse Course 60
Reviewing the Cold War (ed. Westad) 49n33, 59n10
Rhodes, Benjamin J. 150
Rice, Condoleezza 241
Rio Treaty of Inter-American Defence (1947) 86
Roosevelt, Franklin D. 11–12, 20–7, 30, 38, 40, 81, 102n7
Roosevelt, Theodore 5, 161–2, 169, 173, 195, 224–5
Rosecrance, Richard N. 226–8, 232
Rumsfeld, Donald H. 241
Russia
future role 184, 186, 196, 206
and market economics 117–18, 145, 174–5, 221
and the Middle East 115, 139–40, 141, 143–4
NATO in Eastern Europe 118–21, 176, 201–2
as threat to the US 193–4, 208–9, 232–3, 261
and Ukraine 258–60
see also USSR
Saddam Hussein 105, 114, 121, 128, 131, 205, 241–2
SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks) 93, 95
Sandars, Christopher T. 147n9
Sanger, David E. 261n3
Saudi Arabia 81, 109, 114, 125, 126, 140, 141
Savimbi, Jonas M. 100
Schroeder, Paul W. 128n12
Second Chance (Brzezinski) 198, 204–6, 207
Second World War 15–20, 23, 54–5, 159n2, 191
Seward, William H. 5
The Shield of Achilles (Bobbitt) 240
Sisi, Abdel Fattah al- 141
Six-Day War 84
Slaughter, Anne-Marie 179–80, 196
Somoza García, Anastasio 87n14, 101–2
see also Argentina; Brazil; Chile
space race 64
Spanish–American War 5
Special Providence (Mead) 159–61, 167–8
Spykman, Nicholas J. 13–16, 24, 52–3, 56
Stephanson, Anders 6, 32, 33n8, 59n10, 164n8
Stimson, Henry L. 63n15
Strategic Defense Initiative 109–10
Strategic Vision (Brzezinski) 198, 206–7
Syria
and Europe 145
future government 142
post–Second World War 80
That Used to Be Us (Mandelbaum) 177
Third World
and the Cold War 46–7, 70, 83, 98–101, 107, 113, 115
debt 96
and market economics 117
see also Africa; Asia; Latin America; Middle East
Thompson, John A. 38n16, 49–50
Thompson, Nicholas 77n5, 87n14, 104n9
To Lead the World (ed. Leffler and Legro) 163
The Tragedy of American Diplomacy (Williams) 43–4
Trans-Atlantic Free Trade Agreement (TAFTA) 145–6, 228
Trans-Pacific Partnership 146
Treaty of Rome (1957) 59
Trotsky, Leon 108
Truman, Harry S.
and Asia 74–6
and capital 54
covert operations 87n14
and Israel 81
Truman Doctrine 29–30, 36–8, 42–3, 53
Tucker, Robert W. 49–50, 53, 128n12
Tunisia 141
Turkey 84, 131, 140–1, 206, 256
A Twilight Struggle (Kagan) 189
Twin Towers see 9/11
United Nations
founding conference 26
Security Council 120, 121, 180
and US power 76, 81, 99, 101, 115, 127, 239
Uruguay 89
USSR
and Africa 99–101
collapse 110–11, 113, 117–18, 238, 248
Ermattungskrieg 32, 34–6, 65–7, 110
and Korea 75
and the Middle East 81, 82, 83, 85, 104, 106
post–Second World War role 16–17, 20, 25–7
repression 103n8
see also Cold War; Russia
Vietnam 44, 76–8, 92, 93–4, 97, 160n2
Volcker, Paul A. 96
Wall Street Crash see the Depression
Walt, Stephen M. 253
Waltz, Kenneth N. 215
War on Terror 127–32, 133–6, 191, 204, 242–3, 246
Washington Consensus 117
Watkins, Susan 115n2
We Now Know (Gaddis) 45–6
The Weekly Standard (journal) 240, 252
White, Harry Dexter 25n19
Whitman, Walt 6
Williams, William Appleman 43–4, 48n33
Wilson, Woodrow 8–9, 10, 20, 66, 161–2, 169, 173
Wisconsin School 43–4, 48n33, 49–50
Witte, Ludo De 99n5
Wolfowitz, Paul D. 241
Woodring, Harry H. 12
The World America Made (Kagan) 194–5, 196
World Trade Center see 9/11
Wright, C. Ben 35n10
WTO (World Trade Organization) 116, 145, 182, 205
Yeltsin, Boris N. 118, 119, 120, 131
Zakaria, Fareed R. 164n8, 205n19
Zubok, Vladislav 109n12