INDEX
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acetylcholine
achromatopsia
affection
for brain
as mental phenomena
for persons
reality of
affinity
aging
alexia
American Academy of Arts and
Sciences
aminergic system
amino acids
amnesia. See also memory
analogies and examples
daffodils in hand
fainting
heat and fire
house built according to plans
Indian girls recollection of past lives
for mind/brain relationship
San Francisco bridges
water, temperature of
waterfall
analysis
of awareness
cortical
discriminative
limits of
in Madhyamaka system
in proof, establishing
See also reason, four principles of
animals
Buddhist view of
consciousness of
dreams of
“learned helplessness” experiments
mind/brain dependency in
representation in
skill acquisition of
sleep of, experiments with
soul in
antidepressants
anxiety
appearances
Aristotle
astronomy
attention
authority
autism
awareness
and brain, relationship between
Buddhist assertation of
capacity for
conceptual and nonconceptual
degrees of vividness of
experiential
nature of
of one’s own brain
preciousness of
primordial
sensory
of sentient beings
as subjective
subtle states of
See also consciousness
Bailey, Willis
Balint syndrome
behavior
brain and
Cartesian view of
changing
medication and
observed, scientific reliance on
perception and
reflexive
in REM states
as state-dependent
belief
Big Bang theory
biology
blindness
body
after death, of advanced practitioners
and brain, relationship between
brain damage and awareness of
conceptual processes and
influences of
during lucid dreaming
meditation’s effects on
mental states and
and mind, relationship between
during REM sleep
subtle consciousness and
brain
activity after death
affection for
biological development of
blood flow in and mental illness
and body, relationship between
conceptual awareness and
consciousness and
constructive adaptation by
current understanding of, views on
at death
development of from dreaming
illusory epiphenomena of
integrative dynamic of
intervention in, biological and
conceptual
lack of Buddhist context for
mental events and
metaphors for understanding
and mind, scientific dependencies between
and mind, Western understandings of
orgasm’s relationship with
potential of
during REM sleep
specialization of
spontaneous activity of
structure of
study of
substitution of functions in
uniqueness of each
See also brain stem; consciousness; forebrain; hippocampus
brain damage/degeneration
awareness of pain and
brain function and
healing
memory and
brain death
brain lesions
brain stem
brain surgery
Buddha
Buddhism
consciousness in
examining, importance of
proof in
scientific refutation of
training in, purpose of
and Western science, relationship
between
Western views of
Buddhist psychology
consciousness spectrum in
memory in
misconceptions about
sleep in
capacity
for awareness
generalizing
for maintaining attention
scientific understanding of
Capgras syndrome
carbon chain compounds
cats
causality
causes and conditions in
Indian systems of
between mental and physical events
types of causes in
chakras (energy centers)
change
in Greek philosophy
impermanence and
momentary
permanence and
property of
chemistry
cholinergic system
Churchland, Patricia Smith
cognition
cognitive science
cognizance
compassion
brain morphology and
as foundation of future
objects of
concentration, meditative
conception
conceptual designation
conceptualization
in animals
intervention in
Madhyamaka view of
consciousness
in animals, Buddhist view of
arising of, Western views on
and brain, relationship between
Buddhist and materialists views of differences between
categorical distinctions in
at death
of fetuses
lack of scientific evidence for
origins of, Buddhist views on
perception and
as spectrum
study of
subjective experience of, Buddhist view of
subliminal affinity and
tantric states of, four
three states of
and unconsciousness, understanding of terms
Western general understanding of
See also subtle consciousness
continuum of awareness/consciousness
cooperative causes
cosmology
Buddhist
Western
Dalai Lama. See Tenzin Gyatso, His
Holiness the Fourteenth Dalai Lama
Damasio, Antonio
Damasio, Hanna
death
cessation of suffering at
consciousness at
perception at
preparing for
remaining in meditation after
sudden, memory at
Tibetan Buddhist understanding of
delusion, inborn
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
depression
causes of
in manic-depressive illness
treatment for
Descartes
analogies used by
critiques of
dualist position of
Madhyamaka views and
Dharamsala
dream yoga
dreaming
aging and
causes of
consciousness during
control of
energy during, Buddhist view
function of
lucid
neuronal activity during
nightmares and night terrors during
out-of-body experiences during
past life memories during
precognitive
See also rapid eye movement (REM) sleep
“drops,” (tantric substance)
drugs/medication
antidepressants
for autism
effect on brain
intervention by
lithium
sleeping pills
See also psychopharmacology
dualism
affective
Buddhist rejection of substantial
causal
classical Western
experiential
ignorance and
materialist critiques of
modern physics and
relative
substance
Eccles, John
electrical stimulation
electron energy decrement
elements
biochemical distinctions in
in Buddhist cosmology
dissolution of at death
emotions and feelings
Madhyamaka view of
materialism and
neuroscientific understanding of
in nondreaming sleep
in schizophrenia
emptiness
encoding
endophrenology
energy
Buddhist views on
scientific views on
Engle, Adam
environment
evidence/proof
in Buddhist approach
criteria for
empirical
establishing
mutual verification of
See also reason, four principles of; scientific method
evolution
of brain
Buddhist views of
dualism and
nondeclarative memory and
origins of
selection in
experiments, retrospective and prospective
extremes, two
facial recognition
fainting
faith. See also belief
feelings. See emotions and feelings
fetuses
Feynman, Richard
forebrain
Four Noble Truths
Galileo
Geertz, Clifford
genetics
errors of
inherited abilities
intervention through
in mental disorders
sex-linked
gestation
God
Greek philosophical tradition
Greenleaf, Newcomb
Heinz, Clifford
Heisenberg, Werner
hibernation
hippocampus
Hippocrates
Hobson, J. Allan
hypothesis
identity. See also self
ideology
ignorance, Buddhism’s twofold classification of
illusion
imaging technologies. See also magnetic resonance images (MRI)
infants, dreaming of
inference
interdependence
James, William
Judd, Lewis
Judeo-Christian tradition
Kālacakra Tantra
karma
language
autism and
brain function and
capacity for
concept and
consciousness and
dualism in
problems of
learning
lithium
Livingston, Robert
logic. See also reason, four principles of
love
luminosity
Madhyamaka (Centrist) school
ignorance, view of in
individual, view of in
modern physics and
phenomena, view of in
magnetic resonance images (MRI)
Mahayana Buddhism
Malebranche, Nicolas
manic-depressive disorder
materialism
Materialists
matter
body as
as cause of awareness
energy and
and mind, Buddhist view of
and organic life, distinctions between
origins of
subtle
meditation
after death, remaining in
aminergic system in
authority of experience in
brain and
neurotransmitter systems and
perception of body during
research involving
subtle consciousness in
memory
of animals
and brain, relationship between
as extension of perception
impairment of
nondeclarative
of past lives
physical basis of
representations in
short-term
types of
mental afflictions, Buddhist view of
mental body
mental disorders and illnesses
brain dysfunction and
Buddhist conceptions of
causes of
classifying
genetics and
interactive healing of
shifts in understanding
stigmatization of
in U.S., prevalence of
mental factors
mental phenomena
characteristics of
experiencing
Madhyamaka view of
physical causes of
mental states
and brain states, relationship between
Buddhist and scientific views on distinctions between
causes of
observation of
mere appearances
metabolism
metempsychosis
mind
Buddhist observation of
conceptual
continuum of
hypothesis of nonphysical
Madhyamaka view of
malleability of
matter and
perception of one’s own
Western understanding of
wisdom as subtle state of
Mind and Life Conferences
format of
past conferences
purpose of
topics of
mind/body relationship
mind/brain dependencies
“mistaken identity,”
monism, substance
mood disorders. See also depression; manic-depressive disorder
motor skills
musical abilities
National Institute for Mental Health (NIMH)
nervous system
Cartesian understanding of
energy transfer in
modifying through experience
origin of
reflexes of
neuroanatomy
neuroscience
authority in
brain models in
brain specialization in
consciousness, study of in
dualism in
familiarity, understanding of sense of
future of
growth of
and mental illness, influences on understanding
objectives of
physicalist views in
proof in
recent progress in
responsibility of
neurotransmitters, reciprocal systems of
Newton, Isaac
Nobel Prize for Peace
obsessive-compulsive disorder
orgasm, subtle consciousness in
out-of-body experiences
pain. See also suffering
path, Buddhist
patient/physician contract
patterns
in brain
of change
during REM sleep
perception
ability to change
adaption of due to disability
and brain, relationship between
disturbances of (Balint syndrome)
individual and collective differences in
Madhyamaka view of
memory as extension of
of phenomena, Buddhist view of
stick in water example of
at time of death
traditional Buddhist view of
unity in experience of
waterfall example
See also visual perception
permanence
person. See self
personal neglect syndromes
personality
phenomena
analysis of
experiencing
function and convention, classification by
lack of inherent existence of
Madhyamaka view of
material and nonmaterial
physical, characteristics of
as self-organizing and self-replicating
subtle
three types of
See also mental phenomena
philosophy
and brain states, relevance to
Greek tradition
in Indian cosmology
photosynthesis
Physicalists. See Materialists
pineal gland
placebo effects
Plato
Prigogine, Ilya
primate studies
problem solving, dreaming as aid to
proof, valid. See also evidence/proof
psychology. See also Buddhist psychology
psychopharmacology
psychotherapy
quantum mechanics
quantum physics
rapid eye movement (REM) sleep
reading, loss of ability
reality
analysis of
and appearances, Madhyamaka views of
challenging assumptions about
Western philosophical views of
reason, four principles of
rebirth
memory of
scientific skepticism regarding
reflexes
reification
relaxation
representation
defining
memory and
multiple levels of
from past lives
in understanding brain specialization
retrograde memory loss
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
right-to-life debate
Saṃdhinirmocana Mahāyāna Sūtra
Sautrāntika system
schizophrenia
science. See also neuroscience
scientific method
self
belief in
brain activity and
Cartesian view of
investigating
refutation of
See also identity
sense modalities
sense organs
sentient beings
affection for
commonality of
definition of
interrelationship between
and outer environment, relationship between
skeletal muscle system
skepticism
skill acquisition
skin response, galvanic
sleep, deep (nondreaming)
Buddhist view of
consciousness during
eight stages of
in mammals, commonality of
night terrors during
subtle consciousness in
sleeping
Buddhist view of
control of
cycle organization of
four stages of, in Western science
measuring
posture during
and waking, relationship between
See also dreaming
sneezing
Society for Neuroscience
soul
affection and
brain and
Buddhist rejection of
subtle consciousness and
uses of term
Western views on
space
space particles
Squire, Larry
Squires, Euan
strabismus, alternating
substantial causes
subtle consciousness
continuity of
at death
difficulty in understanding
four occasions of manifesting
as independent from brain
physiology of
suffering
awareness of
cessation of
physical and mental
root of
sources of
tantra
Tenzin Gyatso, His Holiness the Fourteenth Dalai Lama
on compassion
Madhyamaka and
Mind and Life Conferences participation
Nobel Prize awarded to
on scientific refutation of Buddhist doctrine
style of
testimony
threefold dependence
Thupten Jinpa
Tibet
Tibetan medicine
time
trust
twins, studies of
unconsciousness
Varela, Francisco
verifying cognition
visual perception
waking states
control of
in mammals, commonality of
neuronal support of
in tantra
Wallace, B. Alan
Western religions. See also Judeo-Christian tradition
wisdom
world peace
yawning