Violante, Or High Society

1

The Meditative Childhood of Violante

Have little commerce with young people and those in society… Do not yearn to appear in the company of the great.

– The Imitation of Christ, I, 8*

The Viscountess of Styria was noble-hearted and tender, and she charmed all around her with her grace. Her husband the Viscount had a very lively wit, and the features of his face were admirable in their regularity. But the least grenadier was more sensitive and less vulgar than he was. Far from the world, in the rustic domain of Styria, they brought up their daughter Violante, who, as attractive and lively as her father, and as charitable and mysteriously alluring as her mother, seemed to combine her parents’ qualities into a perfectly proportioned and harmonious whole. But the changing aspirations of her head and her heart did not encounter any force of will within her which might, without limiting them, have guided them and prevented her from becoming their charming and fragile plaything. This lack of willpower caused Violante’s mother anxieties that might, in time, have borne fruit, if the Viscountess had not, together with her husband, perished violently in a hunting accident, leaving Violante orphaned at the age of fifteen. Living almost alone, under the vigilant but quite unskilled guardianship of old Augustin, her tutor and the bailiff of the chateau of Styria, Violante, for lack of friends, found in her dreams charming companions to whom she promised to remain faithful all her life long. She would take them for walks along the avenues in the grounds, and through the countryside, and bade them lean with her on the terrace which, bordering the domain of Styria, overlooks the sea. Brought up by them to rise, as it were, above herself, and initiated by them into life, Violante acquired a taste for the whole visible world and a foretaste of the invisible. Her joy was boundless, interrupted by moments of sadness so sweet that they surpassed her joy in intensity.

2

Sensuality

Do not lean on a reed blown in the wind and do not place your trust in it, for all flesh is as grass and its glory passes like the flower of the fields.

– The Imitation of Christ

Apart from Augustin and a few children from the district, Violante never saw anyone. Only a younger sister of her mother’s, who lived at Julianges, a chateau a few hours’ journey away, sometimes came to pay Violante a visit. One day when she was visiting her niece, one of her friends came with her. His name was Honoré and he was sixteen. Violante did not like him, but he came back. As they strolled along an avenue in the grounds, he told her some extremely improper things, which she had never yet guessed at. She experienced a very agreeable pleasure at the thought of them, but immediately felt ashamed. Then, as the sun had set and they had been walking for a long time, they sat down on a bench, doubtless so as to gaze at the reflections of the pink sky, soft and mild on the sea. Honoré moved close up to Violante so she would not get cold, fastened the fur round her neck with an ingenious slowness, and suggested that she try and put into practice, with his help, the theories that he had just been telling her about as they walked through the grounds. He tried to speak softly to her, and brought his lips up to Violante’s ear; she did not move away; but they heard a rustle in the undergrowth.

“It’s nothing,” said Honoré tenderly.

“It’s my aunt,” said Violante.

It was the wind. But Violante had already risen to her feet and, feeling – just in time – a salutary chill from this gust of wind, did not want to sit down again and took her leave of Honoré, despite his pleadings. She felt remorse for this later, had a fit of nerves, and for two days in succession took a very long time in getting to sleep. The memory of him was a burning pillow which she kept turning over and over again. Two days later, Honoré asked to see her. She sent him a message to say that she had gone out for a walk. Honoré did not believe her, and did not dare return. The following summer, her thoughts returned to Honoré with tenderness, but also with sadness, since she knew he had gone off to sea as a sailor. When the sun had sunk into the sea, as she sat there on the bench to which he had, a year ago, led her, she kept trying to remember Honoré’s proffered lips, his half-closed green eyes, his gaze, roaming here and there like rays of sunshine, and resting on her with a little of their warm and living light. And during the mild nights, the vast and secretive nights, when the certainty that no one could see her aroused her desire, she heard Honoré’s voice murmuring forbidden things into her ear. She imagined him in his entirety – an obsessive memory, proffered to her like a temptation. One evening, at dinner, she gazed at the bailiff sitting opposite her and sighed.

“I’m so sad, my dear Augustin,” said Violante. “Nobody loves me,” she added.

“But,” replied Augustin, “a week ago, when I went to Julianges to sort out the library, I heard someone talking about you and saying, ‘How lovely she is!’”

“Who said so?” said Violante gloomily.

The ghost of a languid smile hardly raised one corner of her mouth, as when you try to lift a curtain to let in the cheerful daylight.

“That young man from last year, Monsieur Honoré…”

“I thought he’d gone to sea,” said Violante.

“He’s back,” said Augustin.

Violante stood up immediately and, almost tottering on her feet, made her way up to her room to write to Honoré and tell him to come and see her. As she picked up her pen, she was filled with an unprecedented feeling of happiness and power, the feeling that she was arranging her life at her own whim and for her own pleasure; she felt that, in spite of the cogs of their two destinies which seemed to keep them mechanically imprisoned far from one another, she could all the same give that mechanism a little flick with her thumb: he would appear at night, on the terrace, quite different in appearance from the way the cruel ecstasy of her unslaked desire represented him; her unheeded affections – the novel perpetually being written inside her – and the force of circumstance really were linked by avenues of communication, and she could rush down them towards the impossible that she would make possible by creating it. The following day she received Honoré’s reply, and took it the bench where he had embraced her, and where she now read it, trembling.

Mademoiselle,

I have just received your letter, one hour before my ship’s departure. We had put into port for just a week, and I will return only in four years’ time. I humbly hope that you will keep in your memory
Your respectful and affectionate
Honoré

Then, gazing out on that terrace to which he would never return, where no one would ever come to satisfy her desire, and on the sea also that had stolen him from her and in exchange suffused him, in the young girl’s imagination, with some of its own great allure, mysterious and melancholy, the allure of things that do not belong to us, that reflect too many skies and wash around too many shores, Violante burst into tears.

“My poor Augustin,” she said that evening, “a great misfortune has befallen me.”

The initial need to share confidences sprang in her case from the first obstacles placed in the path of her sensuality, just as naturally as it usually springs from the first satisfactions of love. She had still not known love. Shortly afterwards, she suffered its pains – which is the only way we ever get to know it.

3

The Pains of Love

Violante had fallen in love: in other words, a young Englishman by the name of Laurence was for several months the object of her most trivial thoughts, and the goal of her most important actions. She had gone out hunting with him and could not understand why the desire to see him again now enslaved her mind, impelled her to go out to meet him and kept sleep far from her, destroying her happiness and peace of mind. Violante was in love: her love was scorned. Laurence loved the world: she loved him and longed to follow him. But Laurence would not spare a glance for this twenty-year-old country girl. She fell ill with resentment and jealousy, and went off to take the waters at — to try and forget him; but her self-esteem was wounded at seeing him prefer to her so many other women who were not her equal – and she was resolved on acquiring all their advantages for herself so that she could triumph over them.

“I’m leaving you, my dear Augustin,” she said, “and going to the Austrian Court.”

“Heaven forbid!” said Augustin. “The poor folks around here will no longer be consoled by your charity once you’re surrounded by so many wicked people. You won’t play with our children in the woods. Who will be our church organist? We won’t see you out painting in the countryside, and you won’t be here to compose songs for us.”

“Don’t worry, Augustin,” said Violante, “just make sure my chateau and my Styrian peasants remain handsome and faithful to me. Society is just a means to an end. It gives you commonplace but invincible weapons, and if I hope to be loved one day, I need to possess them. I am also impelled by a certain curiosity, almost a need, to lead a somewhat more material and less reflective life than the one I lead here. It’s both a rest and an education I’m after. As soon as my position is assured and my holiday over, I will leave society for the countryside, and come back to our good simple folk and what I prefer above all else: my songs. At a precise moment, not too far in the future, I will stop going down that particular path and return to this Styria of ours to live with you, my dear.”

“Will you be able to?” said Augustin.

“One can do whatever one wants,” said Violante.

“But maybe you won’t want the same things,” said Augustin.

“Why?” asked Violante.

“Because you will have changed,” said Augustin.

4

High Society

Society people are so dull that Violante merely had to condescend to mingle with them to eclipse almost all of them. The most remote and lofty lords and the most unruly artists all came of their own accord to pay her court. She alone had wit, taste and a demeanour which awoke the idea of every perfection. She inspired plays, perfumes and dresses. Dressmakers, writers and hairdressers came begging for her protection. The most famous modiste in Austria asked her permission to be called her personal hat-maker, and the most illustrious prince in Europe asked her permission to be called her lover. She felt it was her duty to refuse both of them this mark of esteem which would have definitively put the seal on their elegance. Among the young people who asked to be received in Violante’s home, Laurence drew attention to himself by his persistence. Having caused her so much sorrow, he now inspired in her a certain repugnance. And his fawning made her keep her distance even more than all the scorn for her that he had shown.

“I have no right to get angry,” she said to herself. “I hadn’t loved him out of consideration for his greatness of soul, and I sensed perfectly clearly, without admitting it to myself, that he was a base fellow. That didn’t stop me loving him, but it did stop me loving greatness of soul as much as I should have done. I thought it was possible to be both base and lovable at the same time. But once you’ve fallen out of love, you go back to preferring people with a bit of feeling. How strange it was, my passion for that wretch – it was entirely cerebral, and didn’t have the excuse of being led astray by the senses! Platonic love doesn’t amount to much.” We shall see that she would shortly come to the conclusion that sensual love amounted to even less.

Augustin came to see her, and tried to persuade her to go back to Styria with him.

“You have conquered a veritable kingdom,” he told her. “Isn’t that enough for you? Why don’t you turn back into the old Violante?”

“Yes, I have indeed just conquered a kingdom, Augustin,” replied Violante. “At least let me enjoy my conquest for a few months.”

An event that Augustin had not foreseen meant that Violante could dispense for a while with any thought of retirement. After having rejected twenty most serene highnesses, the same number of sovereign princes and a man of genius who had asked for her hand, she married the Duke of Bohemia, who had the most dazzling charm and five million ducats. The announcement of Honoré’s return almost caused the marriage to be broken off the day before it was due to be celebrated. But an illness to which he had succumbed had disfigured him and made his familiarities appear hateful to Violante. She wept over the vanity of her desires which had once winged their ardent way to the flesh that had then been in its first bloom and was now withered for ever. The Duchess of Bohemia continued to charm everyone just as Violante of Styria had done, and the Duke’s huge fortune merely served to set the work of art that she now was within a frame worthy of her. Having been a work of art she became a luxury item, by virtue of that tendency, natural to things here below, which makes them sink down to the lowest level unless some noble effort maintains, so to speak, their centre of gravity above themselves. Augustin was astonished at all the things he heard about her.

“Why,” he wrote to her, “does the Duchess spend her time talking about the same things that Violante so despised?”

“Because I would be less popular if I expressed preoccupations which, by their very superiority, are neither liked nor understood by people in high society,” replied Violante. “But I’m bored, my dear Augustin.”

He came to see her, and explained to her why she was bored.

“Your liking for music, for reflection, for charity, for solitude, for the countryside, can no longer find any outlet. You are obsessed by success and held in thrall by pleasure. But one can find happiness only by doing what one loves in the depths of one’s soul.”

“How do you know that? You’ve never lived,” said Violante.

“I’ve thought. That’s life enough,” said Augustin. “But I hope you will soon be seized by disgust at this insipid way of life.”

Violante felt more and more bored, and was now incapable of showing enjoyment. Then the immorality of society, which until now had left her indifferent, assailed her and wounded her cruelly, just as the harshness of the seasons overwhelms bodies deprived by illness of their capacity to fight back. One day that she was out walking by herself along an almost deserted avenue, from a carriage she had not at first noticed there stepped out a woman who came straight up to her. This woman stopped her, and asked her whether she was indeed Violante of Bohemia, whereupon she told her that she had been her mother’s friend and had felt a desire to see once more the little Violante she had once held on her knees. She kissed her with deep feeling, put her arm round her waist and started kissing her so repeatedly that Violante, without even saying goodbye, took to her heels in flight. On the evening of the next day, Violante went to a party given in honour of the Princess of Misenum, whom she did not know. On seeing the Princess, she recognized her as the abominable woman of the previous day. And a dowager, whom Violante had hitherto thought highly of, said to her:

“Would you like me to introduce you to the Princess of Misenum?”

“No!” said Violante.

“Don’t be shy,” said the dowager. “I’m sure she’ll take a liking to you. She’s very fond of pretty women.”

From that day onward, Violante had two deadly enemies, the Princess of Misenum and the dowager, who both depicted her to everyone as a monster of pride and perversity. Violante discovered this, and wept for herself and the wickedness of women. She had long since resigned herself to the wickedness of men. Soon she was telling her husband every evening:

“We’re setting out the day after tomorrow for my beloved Styria, and we will never leave it again.”

Then along came a party that, maybe, she would enjoy more than the others, and a prettier dress to show off. The deep need to imagine, to create, to live by herself in thought alone, and thus to dedicate herself to something, while it made her suffer at the fact that it was still unfulfilled, and while it prevented her from finding in society even a shadow of joy, had become too dulled, and was no longer imperious enough to make her change her way of life, or to force her to renounce the world and realize her true destiny. She continued to present the sumptuous and desolate spectacle of an existence made for the infinite and little by little restricted to next to nothing, filled only with the melancholy shadows of the noble destiny she might have fulfilled, but which she neglected ever more each day. The deep surge of charity that might have washed her heart like a great wave, levelling all the human inequalities that clog a worldly heart, was held back by the thousand dykes of egotism, coquetry and ambition. Even kindness seemed to her laudable only as an elegant gesture. She would perform many more charitable deeds, lavishing money and even time and effort, but a whole part of herself was held captive, and no longer belonged to her. She would still read or dream as she lay in bed in the mornings, but her mind was warped, and now came to a halt on the exterior of things; when it paid itself any attention at all, it was not in order to understand itself more profoundly, but to admire itself, voluptuously and coquettishly, as if in a mirror. And if anyone had come to announce visitors, she would not have had the will power to send them away so that she could continue dreaming or reading. She had reached such a state that she could no longer enjoy nature other than with perverted senses, and the charm of the seasons now existed for her only as an extra perfume for her elegant social appearances, for which it set the tone. The charms of winter became the pleasure of feeling the cold, and the enjoyment of hunting closed her heart to the melancholy of autumn. Sometimes she would go walking by herself through a forest, trying to rediscover the natural source of all true joys. But, even under the shady leaves, she insisted on wearing eye-catching dresses. And the pleasure of her elegance ruined for her the joy of being alone and able to dream.

“Are we setting off tomorrow?” the Duke would ask.

“The day after tomorrow,” Violante would reply.

Eventually the Duke stopped asking. When Augustin lamented her absence, Violante wrote, “I’ll come back when I am a little older.”

“Ah!” replied Augustin. “You are deliberately lavishing your youth on them; you will never return to your Styria.”

She never did return. In her youth, she had remained in society to reign over that kingdom of elegance which, while still almost a child, she had conquered. In her old age, she remained in society to defend that kingdom. In vain. She relinquished it. And when she died, she was still trying to reconquer it. Augustin had reckoned that weariness would wean her away. But he had not reckoned on a force which, if it is at first fed by vanity, vanquishes weariness, contempt and even boredom: the force of habit.

– August 1892