1.1. | James and David Billington at the 1939 New York World’s Fair 2 |
1.2. | The Futurama ride at the 1939 General Motors pavilion 3 |
1.3. | The Corliss engine at the 1876 Philadelphia Centennial Fair 5 |
1.4. | Baldwin locomotive at the Centennial Fair 7 |
1.5. | Keystone Bridge Company exhibit at the Centennial Fair 9 |
2.1. | Thomas Alva Edison in 1881 18 |
2.2. | Menlo Park laboratory, 1880 18 |
2.3. | Replica of 1879 Edison light bulb 23 |
2.4. | Pearl Street station dynamo room 26 |
2.5. | George Westinghouse 27 |
2.6a. | Nikola Tesla 32 |
2.6b. | Charles Steinmetz 32 |
3.1a. | Alexander Melville Bell 36 |
3.1b. | Title page of Bell’s book on visible speech 36 |
3.2. | Alexander Graham Bell, circa 1875 38 |
3.3a. | Gardiner Hubbard 42 |
3.3b. | Mabel Hubbard 42 |
3.4. | Bell’s 1877 lecture in Salem, Massachusetts 46 |
3.5. | Elisha Gray 47 |
3.6. | Telephone operators, circa 1895 51 |
3.7. | George Campbell 52 |
3.8. | King Harris (age three) and his brother Lawrence (age five) in San Francisco speaking with their parents in Washington, D.C., in 1916 55 |
4.1. | Edwin Drake (in top hat) at his oil well 59 |
4.2. | John D. Rockefeller, circa 1884 62 |
4.3. | Standard Oil companies after the 1911 breakup 64 |
4.4. | William M. Burton 66 |
4.5. | Robert Humphreys in the Whiting laboratory, circa 1908 67 |
4.6. | Burton stills in operation 73 |
4.7. | Trend in output of crude oil, 1899–1920 74 |
4.8. | Eugene J. Houdry 76 |
5.1. | Otto engine at the 1876 Philadelphia Centennial Fair 80 |
5.2. | Jane Newkirk (grandmother of senior author) in an early car 82 |
5.3. | Henry Ford, circa 1904 85 |
5.4. | Henry Ford and Barney Oldfield next to Ford’s 999 racer 86 |
5.5. | A 1908 Ford Model T 87 |
5.6. | Model T chassis 89 |
5.7a. | Ford production: static assembly 96 |
5.7b. | Ford production: moving assembly line 97 |
5.8. | One day’s production of Model T cars, 1913 98 |
5.9a. | William C. Durant 99 |
5.9b. | Alfred P. Sloan Jr. 99 |
6.1. | Otto Lilienthal (gliding) 104 |
6.2. | Samuel P. Langley 106 |
6.3. | Langley model aerodrome in 1896 107 |
6.4. | Wilbur and Orville Wright in 1909 109 |
6.5. | The Wright 1900 glider flying as a kite 111 |
6.6. | The Wright 1901 glider upended 112 |
6.7. | Wilbur Wright flying the 1901 glider 113 |
6.8. | Wilbur Wright banking the 1902 glider 117 |
6.9. | Orville Wright making the first powered flight, December 17, 1903 123 |
6.10. | Wilbur Wright circling the Statue of Liberty, 1909 125 |
7.1. | Guglielmo Marconi 134 |
7.2. | Reginald Fessenden 136 |
7.3. | Lee de Forest 140 |
7.4. | Edwin Howard Armstrong 145 |
7.5. | David Sarnoff as a radio telegrapher in 1908 148 |
7.6. | John and Kenneth Coolbaugh (uncles of senior author) with radio set 149 |
7.7. | David Sarnoff in later life 151 |
7.8. | Edwin Howard Armstrong in later life 152 |
8.1. | Othmar Ammann in 1930 161 |
8.2. | Artist’s conception of the George Washington Bridge, with masonry 170 |
8.3. | Artist’s conception of the George Washington Bridge, with a single deck 171 |
8.4. | Collapse of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge, November 7, 1940 172 |
8.5. | The George Washington Bridge today 174 |
9.1. | John Eastwood 179 |
9.2. | Hume Lake Dam, near Fresno, California 182 |
9.3. | The Big Bear Dam 184 |
9.4. | Anton Tedesko in 1936 188 |
9.5. | The Hayden Planetarium 189 |
9.6. | Hershey chocolate workers casting concrete 193 |
9.7. | Hershey Arena arch, half cross section 194 |
9.8. | Completed Hershey Arena in use 195 |
10.1. | Walter P. Chrysler 202 |
10.2. | The Chrysler Airflow 205 |
10.3. | The Ford Lincoln Zephyr and the Douglas DC-3 206 |
10.4. | Donald W. Douglas 207 |
10.5. | Douglas World Cruisers 209 |
10.6. | The Boeing Monomail airplane 211 |
10.7a. | The Douglas DC-1: front view 212 |
10.7b. | The Douglas DC-1: rear view 213 |
10.8. | A DC-3 over Chicago 216 |
10.9. | The Chrysler Building in New York City 217 |
10.10. | The Trylon and Perisphere at the 1939–40 New York World’s Fair 218 |