Select Bibliography

 

A NOTE ON PRIMARY SOURCES

The Columbia Center for Oral History, Columbia University owns the transcript of a lengthy interview that William Ingersoll conducted with Van Vechten in 1960. In this Van Vechten gives a meandering account of his life and his experiences in New York during the first half of the twentieth century.

The bulk of archival material relating to Van Vechten’s family life, including his letters to and from Fania Marinoff and his diaries, are in the Carl Van Vechten Papers, at the Manuscripts and Archives Division of the New York Public Library. The Berg Collection of English and American Literature at the New York Public Library houses numerous other Van Vechten documents, including his correspondence with the English authors Ronald Firbank, Hugh Walpole, and Somerset Maugham. The theatrical scrapbooks that Van Vechten compiled as a boy are at the Billy Rose Theater Division of the New York Public Library.

Van Vechten’s relationships with fellow artists are best documented in the letters and photographs that form the Carl Van Vechten Papers at the Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Yale University. This collection also contains the scrapbooks in which he documented his sexual interest in men and his male nude photographs. Other collections within the Yale Collection of American Literature contain hundreds of letters from Van Vechten to many of his closest friends, including Mabel Dodge, Gertrude Stein, and Langston Hughes.

The breadth and depth of his connection to African-American culture are extensively documented in the letters, photographs, phonograph records, and various other materials in the James Weldon Johnson Collection at the Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library.

Numerous other institutions in New York and elsewhere in the United States own prints of Van Vechten’s photographs; most notably the Library Congress has a collection of 1,395 Van Vechten prints, all in the public domain. The Museum of the City of New York has a smaller collection of Van Vechten’s photographs of the city, its celebrities, and other inhabitants. The Metropolitan Museum of Art holds prints too, as well as a large collection of his multicolored neckties and other pieces of clothing that help bring the force of this remarkable man’s personality to life.

PUBLISHED WORKS BY CARL VAN VECHTEN

BOOKS OF ESSAYS

Excavations: A Book of Advocacies. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1926.

Fragments from an Unwritten Autobiography. Vols. 1 and 2. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1955.

In the Garret. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1920.

Interpreters and Interpretations. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1917.

The Merry-Go-Round. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1918.

Music After the Great War. New York: G. Schirmer, 1915.

Music and Bad Manners. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1916.

Red: Papers and Musical Subjects. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1925.

Sacred and Profane Memories. London: Cassell & Company, 1932.

NOVELS

The Blind Bow-Boy. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1923.

Firecrackers: A Realistic Novel. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1925.

Nigger Heaven. Introduction by Kathleen Pfeiffer. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2000. First published 1926 by Alfred A. Knopf.

Parties. Los Angeles: Sun & Moon Press, 1993. First published 1930 by Alfred A. Knopf.

Peter Whiffle: His Life and Works. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1922.

Spider Boy. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1928.

The Tattooed Countess: A Romantic Novel with a Happy Ending. Introduction by Bruce Kellner. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 1987. First published 1924 by Alfred A. Knopf.

ARTICLES, INTRODUCTIONS, AND PREFACES

“A Few Notes About Four Saints in Three Acts.” In Gertrude Stein, Four Saints in Three Acts. An Opera to Be Sung, etc. New York: Random House, 1934, 5–10.

“A Few Notes à Propos of a ‘Little’ Novel of Thank You.” In Gertrude Stein, A Novel of Thank You. Vol. 8 of The Yale Edition of the Unpublished Writings of Gertrude Stein. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1958, vii–xiv.

“Away Go the Critics and On Come the Plays.” Trend 8, no. 2 (November 1914): 233–39.

“The Black Blues.” Vanity Fair (August 1925): 57, 86, 92.

“Fabulous Hollywood.” Vanity Fair (May 1927): 54, 108.

“George Gershwin.” Vanity Fair (March 1925): 40, 78.

“Hollywood Parties.” Vanity Fair (June 1927): 47, 86.

“Hollywood Royalty.” Vanity Fair (July 1927): 38, 86.

“How to Read Gertrude Stein.” Trend 7, no. 5 (August 1914): 553–57. Reprinted in Linda Simon, ed., Gertrude Stein Remembered. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1994, 41–48.

“Introducing Langston Hughes to the Reader.” In Langston Hughes, The Weary Blues. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1929, 9–13.

“Introduction.” In Edward Jablonski and Lawrence D. Stewart. The Gershwin Years. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1958, 21–26.

“Memories of Bessie Smith.” Jazz Record (September 1947): 6–7, 29.

“Moanin’ wid a Sword in Ma Han’.” Vanity Fair (February 1926): 61, 100, 102.

“Negro ‘Blues’ Singers.” Vanity Fair (March 1926): 67, 106, 108.

“Portraits of the Artists.” Esquire 18 (December 1962): 170–74, 256–58.

“Prescription for the Negro Theatre.” Vanity Fair (October 1925): 46, 92, 98.

“Rogue Elephant in Porcelain.” Yale University Library Gazette 38, no. 2 (October 1963): 41–50.

“Salome: The Most Sensational Opera of the Age.” Broadway Magazine 17 (January 1907): 381–91.

“The Editor’s Workbench.” Trend 8, no. 1 (October 1914): 100–01.

“The Folksongs of the American Negro.” Vanity Fair (July 1925): 52, 92.

“The J. W. Johnson Collection at Yale.” Crisis (July 1942): 222, 223, 226.

“The Negro in Art: How Shall He Be Portrayed?” Crisis (March 1926): 219.

“Understanding Hollywood.” Vanity Fair (August 1927): 45, 78.

“War Is Not Hell.” Trend 8, no. 2 (November 1914): 146–52.

SECONDARY SOURCES

Abbott, Karen. Sin in the Second City: Madams, Ministers, Playboys and the Battle for America’s Soul. New York: Random House, 2008.

Addams, Jane. The Spirit of Youth and the City Streets. New York: Macmillan Company, 1909.

Albertson, Chris. Bessie. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2005.

Argyle, Ray. Scott Joplin and the Age of Ragtime. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2009.

Baskin, Alex. John Reed: Early Years in Greenwich Village. New York: Archives of Social History, 1990.

Beard, Rich, and Leslie Cohen Berlowitz, eds. Greenwich Village: Culture and Counterculture. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1993.

Bennett, Gwendolyn. “The Ebony Flute.” Opportunity 4, no. 26 (October 1926): 322–23.

______. “The Ebony Flute.” Opportunity 4, no. 27 (November 1926): 356–58.

Bentley, Toni. Sisters of Salome. New Haven, CT, and London: Yale University Press, 2002.

Bernard, Emily. Carl Van Vechten and the Harlem Renaissance: A Portrait in Black and White. New Haven, CT, and London: Yale University Press, 2012.

______, ed. Remember Me to Harlem: The Letters of Langston Hughes and Carl Van Vechten. New York: Vintage Books, 2002.

Biel, Steven. American Gothic: A Life of America’s Most Famous Painting. New York and London: W. W. Norton & Company, 2006.

Blake, Jody. Le Tumulte Noir: Modernist Art and Popular Entertainment in Jazz Age Paris, 1900–1930. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1999.

Boehm, Lisa Krissoff. Popular Culture and the Enduring Myth of Chicago, 1871–1968. New York and London: Routledge, 2004.

Boyer, Paul S. Purity in Print: Book Censorship in America from the Gilded Age to the Computer Age. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2002.

Boyle, Sheila Tully, and Andrew Bunie. Paul Robeson: The Years of Promise and Achievement. Boston: University of Massachusetts Press, 2001.

Bradley, Patricia. Making American Culture: A Social History, 1900–1920. New York: Palgrave Mcmillan, 2009.

Brooks, Van Wyck. America’s Coming of Age. New York: B. W. Huebsch, 1915.

______. The Wine of the Puritans: A Study of Present Day America. London: Sisley’s, 1909.

Burke, Carolyn. Becoming Modern: The Life of Mina Loy. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1997.

Burke, Flannery. From Greenwich Village to Taos: Primitivism and Place at Mabel Dodge Luhan’s. Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 2008.

Burns, Edward, ed. The Letters of Gertrude Stein and Carl Van Vechten, 1913–1946. New York: Columbia University Press, 1986.

Caffin, Charles. “Henri Matisse and Isadora Duncan.” Camera Work, no. 25 (January 1909): 17–30.

Canby, Henry Seidel. The Age of Confidence. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1934.

Carbone, Gerald M. Nathanael Greene: A Biography of the American Revolution. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.

Chambers, John Whiteclay. The Tyranny of Change: America in the Progressive Era, 1890–1920. New Brunswick, NJ, and London: Rutgers University Press, 2000.

Chauncey, George. Gay New York: The Making of the Gay Male World, 1890–1940. London: Flamingo, 1995.

Clark, Emily. Innocence Abroad. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1975. First published 1931 by Alfred A. Knopf.

Coleman, Leon. Carl Van Vechten and the Harlem Renaissance: A Critical Perspective. New York and London: Garland Publishing, 1998.

Commager, Henry Steele. The American Mind: An Interpretation of American Thought and Character Since the 1890s. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1959.

Cooper, Wayne F. Claude McKay: Rebel Sojourner in the Harlem Renaissance. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1996.

Corn, Wanda M., and Tirza True Latimer: Seeing Gertrude Stein: Five Stories. Berkeley and London: University of California Press, 2011.

Cowley, Malcolm. Exile’s Return: A Literary Odyssey of the 1920s. London: Penguin Books, 1994.

Crunden, Robert M. American Salons: Encounters with European Modernism, 1885–1917. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993.

Crunden, Robert M. Body & Soul: The Making of American Modernism. New York: Basic Books, 2000.

Darwent, Charles. “Arrows of Desire.” Independent (February 10, 2008).

Dell, Floyd. Homecoming: An Autobiography. New York: Farrar & Rinehart, 1933.

______. Love in Greenwich Village. Leipzig: Tauchnitz, 1926.

DiMeglio, John E. Vaudeville U.S.A. Bowling Green, OH: Bowling Green University Popular Press, 1973.

Dizikes, John. Opera in America: A Cultural History. New Haven, CT, and London: Yale University Press, 1993.

Dodge Luhan, Mabel. Edge of Taos Desert. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1937.

______. European Experiences. Vol. 2 of Intimate Memories. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1935.

______. Lorenzo in Taos. London: Martin Secker, 1933.

______. Movers and Shakers. Vol. 3 of Intimate Memories. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1936.

Douglas, Ann. Terrible Honesty: Mongrel Manhattan in the 1920s. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1995.

Dowling, Robert M. Slumming in New York: From the Waterfront to Mythic Harlem. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2007.

Draper, Muriel. Music at Midnight. New York and London: Harper & Brothers, 1929.

Dreiser, Theodore. Sister Carrie. New York: Bantam Books, 1958.

Duberman, Martin Bauml. Paul Robeson: A Biography. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1989.

DuBois, W.E.B.”Books.” Crisis (December 1926): 81–82.

Edwards, Justin D. Exotic Journeys: Exploring the Erotics of U.S. Travel Literature, 1840–1930. Hanover, NH: University Press of New England, 2001.

Eksteins, Modris. Rites of Spring: The Great War and the Birth of the Modern Age. Boston and New York: Mariner Books, 2000.

Erenberg, Lewis A. Steppin’ Out: New York Nightlife and the Transformation of American Culture, 1890–1930. Westport, CT, and London: Greenwood Press, 1981.

Eskridge, William N. Gaylaw: Challenging the Apartheid of the Closet. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2002.

Fitzgerald, F. Scott. My Lost City: Personal Essays, 1920–1940. Edited by James L. W. West III. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2005.

Flagler, J. M. “The Talk of the Town.” New Yorker (January 12, 1963): 21–22.

Gabauer, Peter A., et al. Annals of Psi Upsilon, 1833–1941. New York: Psi Upsilon Fraternity, 1941.

Gates, Henry Louis, Jr. “The Black Man’s Burden.” In Michael Warner, ed., Fear of a Queer Planet: Queer Politics and Social Theory. Minneapolis: University of Minneapolis Press, 1993.

Glaspell, Susan. The Road to the Temple. London: Ernest Benn, 1926.

Gordon, Mel. Voluptuous Panic: The Erotic World of Weimar Berlin. Port Townsend, WA: Feral House, 2000.

Hapgood, Hutchins. A Victorian in the Modern World. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1939.

Harrison, Hubert. “Homo Africanus Harlemi.” Amsterdam News, September 1, 1926. Reprinted in Jeffrey B. Perry, ed. A Hubert Harrison Reader. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 2001, 341–44.

Heap, Chad. Slumming: Sexual and Racial Encounters in American Nightlife, 1885–1940. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2008.

Hemenway, Robert E. Zora Neale Hurston: A Literary Biography. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1980.

Herring, Phillip. Djuna: The Life and Works of Djuna Barnes. New York: Viking, 1995.

Hoffman, Michael J., ed. Critical Essays on Gertrude Stein. Boston: G. K. Hall and Company, 1986.

Huggins, Nathan Irving. Harlem Renaissance. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2007.

______, ed. Voices of the Harlem Renaissance. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.

Hughes, Langston. The Big Sea. New York: Hill and Wang, 1963.

______, and Susan Duffy. The Political Plays of Langston Hughes. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 2000.

______. The Weary Blues. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1929.

Hussey, L. M. “Homo Africanus.” American Mercury (January 1925): 83–89.

Hutchinson, George. In Search of Nella Larsen: A Biography of the Color Line. Cambridge, MA, and London: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2006.

Imbs, Bravig. Confessions of Another Young Man. New York: Henkle-Yewdale House, 1936.

Jablonski, Edward, and Lawrence D. Stewart. The Gershwin Years. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1958.

Johnson, James Weldon. Black Manhattan. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1930.

______. “Romance and Tragedy in Harlem—A Review.” Opportunity 4, no. 26 (October 1926): 316–17, 330.

Joiner, Thekla Ellen. Sin in the City: Chicago and Revivalism, 1880–1920. Columbia and London: University of Missouri Press, 2007.

Kazin, Alfred. Bright Book of Life: American Novelists and Storytellers from Hemingway to Mailer. New York and Toronto: Little, Brown, 1973.

______. On Native Grounds: An Interpretation of Modern American Literature. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1942.

Kellner, Bruce. “Baby Woojums in Iowa.” Books at Iowa 26 (1977): 3–18.

______. Carl Van Vechten and the Irreverent Decades. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1968.

______, ed. Keep A-Inchin’ Along: Selected Writings of Carl Van Vechten About Black Art and Letters. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1979.

______. Kiss Me Again: An Invitation to a Group of Noble Dames. New York: Turtle Point Press, 2002.

______. The Last Dandy, Ralph Barton: American Artist, 1891–1931. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1991.

______, ed. Letters of Carl Van Vechten. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1987.

______, ed. The Splendid Drunken Twenties: Selections from the Daybooks, 1922–1930. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2003.

Kendall, Elizabeth. Where She Danced. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1979.

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Lewis, David Levering. When Harlem Was in Vogue. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989.

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______. Carl Van Vechten and the Twenties. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1955.

Mayfield, Sara. The Constant Circle: H. L. Mencken and His Friends. New York: Delacorte Press, 1968.

______. Exiles from Paradise: Zelda and Scott Fitzgerald. New York: Delacorte Press, 1971.

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______. Home to Harlem. Lebanon, NH: University Press of New England, 2012.

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Padgette, Paul, ed. The Dance Writings of Carl Van Vechten. New York: Dance Horizons, 1980.

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______. Four Saints in Three Acts. An Opera to Be Sung, etc. New York: Random House, 1934.

______. A Novel of Thank You. Vol. 8 of The Yale Edition of the Unpublished Writings of Getrude Stein. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1958.

______. Portrait of Mabel Dodge at the Villa Curonia. Ann Arbor, MI: University Microfilms International, 1994.

______, and Carl Van Vechten. Selected Writings of Gertrude Stein. New York: Vintage Books, 1990.

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______. “The Story of My Operatic Career by Luisa Tetrazzini.” Cosmopolitan (June 1908): 49–51.

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______. Prepare for Saints: Gertrude Stein, Virgil Thomson, and the Mainstreaming of American Modernism. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000.

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