Mutual Funds For Dummies®, 6th Edition

Table of Contents

Introduction

What’s New in This Edition

How This Book Is Different

Foolish Assumptions

How This Book Is Organized

Part I: Mutual Funds: Sharing Risks and Rewards

Part II: Evaluating Alternatives to Funds

Part III: Separating the Best from the Rest

Part IV: Crafting Your Fund Portfolio

Part V: Keeping Current and Informed

Part VI: The Part of Tens

Icons Used in This Book

Where to Go from Here

Part I: Mutual Funds: Sharing Risks and Rewards

Chapter 1: Making More Money, Taking Less Risk

Introducing Mutual Funds

Making Sense of Investments

Lending investments: Interest on your money

Ownership investments: More potential profit (and risk)

Surveying the Major Investment Options

Savings and money market accounts

Bonds

Stocks

Overseas investments

Real estate

Gold, silver, and the like

Annuities

Life insurance

Limited partnerships

Reviewing Important Investing Concepts

Getting a return: Why you invest

Measuring risks: Investment volatility

Diversifying: A smart way to reduce risk

Chapter 2: Mutual Funds: Pros and Cons

Getting a Grip on Mutual Funds

Financial intermediaries

Open-end versus closed-end funds

Opting for Mutual Funds

Fund managers’ expertise

Funds save you money and time

Fund diversification minimizes your risk

Funds undergo regulatory scrutiny

You choose your risk level

Fund risk of bankruptcy is nil

Funds save you from sales sharks

You have convenient access to your money

Addressing the Drawbacks

Don’t worry about these . . .

Worry about these (but not too much) . . .

Chapter 3: Funding Your Financial Plans

The Story of Justine and Max

Lining Up Your Ducks Before You Invest

Pay off your consumer debts

Review your insurance coverage

Figure out your financial goals

Determine how much you’re saving

Examine your spending and income

Maximize tax-deferred retirement account savings

Determine your tax bracket

Assess the risk you’re comfortable with

Review current investment holdings

Consider other “investment” possibilities

Reaching Your Goals with Funds

The financial pillow — an emergency reserve

The golden egg — investing for retirement

The white picket fence — saving for a home

The ivory tower — saving for college

Part II: Evaluating Alternatives to Funds

Chapter 4: Selecting Your Own Stocks and Bonds

Choosing Your Own Stocks and Bonds

Beware the claims of stock-picking gurus

Know the drawbacks of investing in individual securities

Understand the psychology of selecting stocks

How to Pick Your Own Stocks and Bonds

Chapter 5: Exchange-Traded Funds and Other Fund Lookalikes

Understanding Exchange-Traded Funds

Understanding ETF advantages

Eyeing ETF drawbacks

Seeing the pros and cons of trading ETFs

Identifying the best ETFs

Mimicking Closed-End Funds: Unit Investment Trusts

Customizing Your Own Funds Online

Chapter 6: Hedge Funds and Other Managed Alternatives

Hedge Funds: Extremes of Costs and Risks

Getting the truth about hedge funds

Investigating hedge funds

Wrap (Or Managed) Accounts: Hefty Fees

Private Money Managers: One-on-One

Part III: Separating the Best from the Rest

Chapter 7: Finding the Best Funds

Evaluating Gain-Eating Costs

Losing the load: Say no to commissions

Considering a fund’s operating expenses

Weighing Performance and Risk

Star today, also-ran tomorrow

Apples to apples: Comparing performance numbers

Recognizing Manager Expertise

Chapter 8: Using Fund Publications

Reading Prospectuses — the Important Stuff, Anyway

Cover page

Fund profile

Other fund information

Investment objectives and risks

Investment adviser

Financial highlights

Reviewing Annual Reports

Chairman’s letter and performance discussion

Investment adviser’s thoughts

Performance and its components

Investment holdings

Investigating the Statement of Additional Information (SAI)

Chapter 9: Buying Funds from the Best Firms

Finding the Best Buys

The Vanguard Group

Fidelity Investments

Dodge & Cox

Oakmark

T. Rowe Price

TIAA-CREF

Other fund companies

Discount Brokers: Mutual Fund Supermarkets

Buying direct versus discount brokers

Debunking “No Transaction Fee” funds

Using the best discount brokers

Places to Pass By

Hiring an Adviser: The Good, Bad, and Ugly

The wrong reason to hire an adviser

The right reasons to hire an adviser

Beware of conflicts of interest

Your best options for help

If you seek a salesperson

Part IV: Crafting Your Fund Portfolio

Chapter 10: Perfecting a Fund Portfolio

Asset Allocation: An Investment Recipe

Allocating to reduce your risks

Looking toward your time horizon

Taxes: It’s What You Keep That Matters

Fitting funds to your tax bracket

Minimizing your taxes on funds

Fund Investing Strategies

Timing versus buy-and-hold investing

Active versus index fund managers

Putting Your Plans into Action

Determining how many funds and families to use

Matching fund allocation to your asset allocation

Allocating when you don’t have much to allocate

Investing large amounts: To lump or to average?

Sorting through your existing investments

Chapter 11: Money Market Funds: Beating the Bank

Money Market Funds 101

Comparing money funds with bank accounts

Finding uses for money funds

Refuting common concerns

Grasping what money funds invest in

Choosing a Great Money Market Fund

Why yield and expenses go hand in hand

Looking at your tax situation

Deciding where you want your home base

Keeping your investments close to home

Considering other issues

Finding the Recommended Funds

Taxable money market funds

U.S. Treasury money market funds

Municipal tax-free money market funds

Chapter 12: Bond Funds: When Boring Is Best

Understanding Bonds

Sizing Up a Bond Fund’s Personality

Maturity: Counting the years until you get your principal back

Duration: Measuring interest rate risk

Credit quality: Determining whether bonds will pay you back

Issuer: Knowing who you’re lending to

Management: Considering the passive or active type

Inflation-indexed Treasury bonds

Investing in Bond Funds

Why you might (and might not) want to invest in bond funds

How to pick a bond fund with an outcome you can enjoy

How to obtain tax-free income

Eyeing Recommended Bond Funds

Short-term bond funds

Intermediate-term bond funds

Long-term bond funds

Exploring Alternatives to Bond Funds

Certificates of deposit

Individual bonds

Guaranteed-investment contracts

Mortgages

Exchange-traded bond funds

Chapter 13: Stock Funds: Meeting Your Longer Term Needs

The Stock Market Grows Your Money

Be patient

Add regularly to your stock investments

Using Mutual Funds to Invest in Stocks

Reducing risk and increasing returns

Making money: How funds do it

Seeing your stock fund choices

The Best Stock Funds

Mixing it up: Recommended hybrid funds

Letting computers do the heavy lifting: Recommended index funds

Keeping it local: Recommended U.S.-focused stock funds

Being worldly: Recommended international funds

Expanding your horizon: Recommended global stock funds

Chapter 14: Specialty Funds: One of a Kind

Sector Funds: Should You or Shouldn’t You Invest in Them?

Landlording Made Easy: Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) Funds

Profiting from What Everyone Needs: Utility Funds

Arming for Armageddon: Precious Metals Funds

Commodity Funds

Hedging: Market Neutral (Long-Short) Funds

Matching Morals to Investments: Socially Responsible Funds

Evil is in the eye of the beholder

Ways to express your social concerns

Chapter 15: Working It Out: Sample Portfolios

Getting Started

Starting from square one: Melinda

Silencing student loans: Stacey the student

Living month to month with debt: Mobile Mark

Competing goals: Gina and George

Wanting lots and lotsa money: Pat and Chris

Changing Goals and Starting Over

Funding education: The Waltons

Rolling over (but not playing dead): Cathy

Wishing for higher interest rates: Nell, the near retiree

Lovin’ retirement: Noel and Patricia

Dealing with a Mountain of Moola

He’s in the money: Cash-rich Chuck

Inheritances: Loaded Liz

Getting Unstuck . . .

Chapter 16: Applications, Transfers, and Other Useful Forms

Taking the Nonretirement Account Route

Filling in the blanks: Application basics

Buying in to discount brokerage accounts

Preparing for Leisure: Retirement Accounts

Retirement account applications

What to do before transferring accounts

Filling out transfer forms

Investing on Autopilot

Finding Help for a Overwhelmed Brain

Part V: Keeping Current and Informed

Chapter 17: Evaluating Your Funds and Adjusting Your Portfolio

Deciphering Your Fund Statement

Trade date or date of transaction

Transaction description

Dollar amount

Share price or price per share

Share amount or shares transacted

Shares owned or share balance

Account value

Interpreting Discount Brokerage Firm Statements

Portfolio overview

Account transaction details

Assessing Your Funds’ Returns

Getting a panoramic view: Total return

Focusing on the misleading share price

Figuring total return

Assessing your funds’ performance

Deciding Whether to Sell, Hold, or Buy More

Handling bear markets

Dealing with fund company consolidations

Tweaking and Rebalancing Your Portfolio

Chapter 18: The Taxing Side of Mutual Funds

Mutual Fund Distributions Form: 1099-DIV

Box 1a: Total ordinary dividends

Box 1b: Qualified dividends

Box 2a: Total capital gains distributions

Box 3: Nondividend distributions

Box 4: Federal income tax withheld

Box 6: Foreign tax paid

When You Sell Your Mutual Fund Shares

Introducing the “basis” basics

Accounting for your basis

Deciding when to take your tax lumps or deductions

Looking at fund sales reports: Form 1099-B

Getting help: When you don’t know how much you paid for a fund

Retirement Fund Withdrawals and Form 1099-R

Minimizing taxes and avoiding penalties

Making sense of Form 1099-R for IRAs

Withdrawing from non-IRA accounts

Understanding form 1099-R for non-IRAs

Chapter 19: Common Fund Problems and How to Fix Them

Playing the Telephone Game

Trouble-Shooting Bungled Transactions

Specifying Funds to Buy at Discount Brokers

Making Deposits in a Flash

Verifying Receipt of Deposits

Transferring Money Quickly

Losing Checks in the Mail

Changing Options after Opening Your Account

Making Sense of Your Statements and Profits

Changing Addresses

Finding Funds You Forgot to Move

Untangling Account Transfer Snags

Eliminating Marketing Solicitations

Digging Out from under the Statements

Getting Older Account Statements

Chapter 20: Fund Ratings and Forecasters

Avoiding the Bad Stuff

Looking into market timing and crystal balls

Keeping them honest and providing new fodder: The Hulbert Financial Digest

Using bogus rankings, token awards, and mystery testimonials

Pitching a product: Filler and ads in newsletter form

Investing newsletter Hall of Shame

Getting In on the Good Stuff

Morningstar Mutual Funds

No-Load Fund Analyst

The Independent Adviser for Vanguard Investors

EricTyson.com

Chapter 21: Harnessing Your Computer’s Power

Using Computer Software

Getting-and-staying-organized software

Accessing investment research software

Entering Cyberspace: Internet Sites

Investment Company Institute

Morningstar.com

T. Rowe Price

Securities and Exchange Commission

Vanguard.com

Part VI: The Part of Tens

Chapter 22: Ten Common Fund-Investing Mistakes and How to Avoid Them

Lacking an Overall Plan

Failing to Examine Sales Charges and Expenses

Chasing Past Performance

Ignoring Tax Issues

Getting Duped by “Advisers”

Falling Prey to the Collection Syndrome

Trying to Time the Market’s Movements

Following Prognosticators’ Predictions

Being Swayed by Major News Events

Comparing Your Funds Unfairly

Chapter 23: Ten Fund-Investing Fears to Conquer

Investing with Little Money

Investing in Uninsured Funds

Rising Interest Rates

Missing High Returns from Stocks

Waiting to Get a Handle on the Economy

Buying the Best-Performing Funds

Waiting for an Ideal Buying Opportunity

Obsessing Over Your Funds

Thinking You’ve Made a Bad Decision

Lacking in Performance

Chapter 24: Ten Tips for Hiring a Financial Adviser

Communicator or Obfuscator?

Financial Planner or Money Manager?

Market Timing and Active Management?

Who’s in Control?

Fees: What’s Your Advice Going to Cost?

How Do You Make Investing Decisions?

What’s Your Track Record?

What Are Your Qualifications and Training?

What Are Your References?

Do You Carry Liability Insurance?

Appendix: Recommended Fund Companies and Discount Brokers