I am grateful to Pollinger Limited, acting on behalf of the Estate of Frieda Lawrence Ravagli, for permission to quote from the letters and works of D. H. Lawrence. The following kindly provided assistance with acquiring illustrations for the book and granted permission to reproduce them: Harry Ransom Center, The University of Texas at Austin; Manuscripts and Special Collections, University of Nottingham; McFarlin Library, University of Tulsa; National Portrait Gallery, London; Steffen Lange; Deborah and Neil Matthews. I would like to thank the School of English at the University of Nottingham for awarding me research leave to work on the book, and the Faculty of Arts for granting me Dean’s Fund money to support my research.
My greatest debt of gratitude is to my family, and especially to my mother, who has offered much love and guidance to me during my work on this book.
D. H. Lawrence biography has been extremely well served by scholars and critics, and I am happy to record here the extent of my indebtedness to them. Firstly, I must acknowledge the extraordinary work of the authors of the three-volume Cambridge biography of Lawrence: John Worthen, the late Mark Kinkead-Weekes and David Ellis. John Worthen in particular has afforded me a great deal of support, and has been extremely kind and considerate in encouraging my work on Lawrence over the years – I would like to take this opportunity to thank him and his wife, Conni, for their greatly valued friendship. Michael Squires and Lynn K. Talbot have been very generous in sharing their research findings on Lawrence and Frieda. I have benefited enormously from consulting the research papers of the late Émile Delavenay, James T. Boulton and Keith Sagar in Manuscripts and Special Collections at the University of Nottingham. One volume which has remained constantly open on my desk throughout my work on this biography is A D. H. Lawrence Chronology by the late Peter Preston; I feel fortunate in having had the opportunity to discuss Lawrence with Peter, and his understanding and insight remain an example to me. I would like to thank John Worthen, Keith Cushman and Claude Rawson for their very helpful and detailed comments on an early draft of the biography. I take sole responsibility for aspects of the book which do not meet the scrupulous standards of these scholars.
Special thanks to: Steffen Lange, Pia Gøtzsche, Ida Lange, Hanne Reumert and all the Gøtzsche family for their great kindness in inviting me to Denmark to look at and discuss family material relating to Kai Gøtzsche and his friendship with Lawrence; Emma Bennett, Deirdre Ilkson, Bridget Jennings, Roshna Mohan, Divya Narayanan and Ben Thatcher at Wiley-Blackwell for their guidance and support; Katherine Carr for her exemplary copy-editing; Mark Dorrington, Dorothy Johnston, Corinne Fawcett, Linda Shaw, Caroline Kelly, Jayne Amat, Amy Bowler, Mark Bentley, Eleonora Nicchiarelli and all the staff in Manuscripts and Special Collections, University of Nottingham, for their invaluable help and assistance; Claire Bates, Jackie Greaves, Emma Herrity, Carolyn Melbourne, Liz Moran and their many colleagues at D. H. Lawrence Heritage in Eastwood for their co-operation and friendship; Malcolm Gray and the council members of the D. H. Lawrence Society for their encouragement of my work; Annalise Grice for her invaluable contributions to the book; and my students in Darmstadt and at the University of Nottingham for engaging so energetically and enthusiastically in discussions of Lawrence’s life and works.
I am also grateful to the following individuals for their particular help, support and camaraderie: Keith and Janet Alldritt, Martin Ballund, Helen Baron, Michael Bell, Howard J. Booth, Robert Caserio, Nick Ceramella, Cath Collison, Elena Danielson, Sarah Davison, Jenn Donner, Ed Downey, Paul Eggert, Annika Eisenberg, Anne Fernihough, David and Jenny Game, Ron Granofsky, Eleanor Green, Julika Griem, Josephine Guy, Kevin Harvey, Dominic Head, Alan and Joanne Hedges, Hilary Hillier, G. M. Hyde, Bethan Jones, Malcolm Jones, Roger Jones, Mara Kalnins, Richard Kaye, Gerri Kimber, Leena Kore-Schröder, Eric Leese, Katy Loffman, Jonathan Long, Stephen Lowe, Kerry Mason and the pupils at Hall Park Academy, Deborah and Neil Matthews, Sean Matthews, Stephen McKibbin, Stefania Michelucci, James Moran, Stephen Mumford, Linda Briscoe Myers, Richard Owen, Nancy Paxton, Jim Phelps, Lesley Pollinger, Christopher Pollnitz, Paul Poplawski, Lynda Pratt, Barbara Preston, N. H. Reeve, Sue Reid, Neil Roberts, Jo Robinson, Adam Rounce, Ginette Roy, Judith Ruderman, Julie Sanders, Anke Schulz, Steve Thuell, John Turner, Jeff Wallace, Jason Ward, Jan Wilm, Vivienne Wood.