Notes for 1 Samuel
1 Samuel 1
1 1:1 See Septuagint and 1 Chron. 6:26–27, 33–35; or from Ramathaim Zuphim.
gver 21; Ex 23:14; 1Sa 2:19; 20:6, 29; Lk 2:41
sJob 3:20; 7:11; 10:1; 21:25; 23:2; 27:2; Isa 38:15; Jer 20:18
uS Ge 17:1; Ps 24:10; 46:7; Isa 1:9
bNu 6:26; 1Sa 20:42; 2Ki 5:19; S Ac 15:33
j1Sa 7:5; 12:23; 1Ch 6:27; Jer 15:1; Heb 11:32
2 1:20 Samuel sounds like the Hebrew for heard by God.
lS Ge 28:20; Nu 30:2; Dt 12:11
3 1:22 Masoretic Text; Dead Sea Scrolls always. I have dedicated him as a Nazirite—all the days of his life.”
4 1:23 Masoretic Text; Dead Sea Scrolls, Septuagint and Syriac your
5 1:24 Dead Sea Scrolls, Septuagint and Syriac; Masoretic Text with three bulls
6 1:24 That is, probably about 36 pounds or about 16 kilograms
1 Samuel 2
1 2:1 Horn here symbolizes strength; also in verse 10.
hS Ge 49:24; S Ex 33:22; Dt 32:37; 2Sa 22:2, 32; 23:3; Ps 31:3; 71:3
iPs 17:10; 31:18; 73:8; 75:4; 94:4
k1Sa 16:7; 1Ki 8:39; 1Ch 28:9; 2Ch 6:30; Pr 15:11; Jer 11:20; 17:10
m2Sa 1:27; Ps 37:15; 46:9; 76:3
nJob 17:9; Isa 40:31; 41:1; 52:1; 57:10
tJob 5:11; 40:12; Ps 75:7; Isa 2:12; 13:11; 22:19; Da 4:37
xPs 72:12; 107:41; 145:14; 146:8; S Mt 23:12
y2Sa 7:8; Job 36:7; Isa 22:23; Eze 21:26
zJob 15:7; 38:4; Ps 104:5; Pr 8:29; Isa 40:12; Jer 10:12
cJob 10:22; Isa 5:30; 8:22; 59:9; 60:2; Jer 13:16; Am 5:18, 20; Zep 1:14–15; Mt 8:12
d1Sa 17:47; Ps 33:16–17; Zec 4:6
fS Ex 19:16; 1Sa 7:10; 12:17; 2Sa 22:14; Job 37:4, 5; 38:1; Ps 18:13; 29:3; Isa 66:6
iS Dt 33:17; Ps 89:24; S Lk 1:69
pver 22, 29; S Nu 14:11; Jer 7:21; Eze 22:26; Mal 2:7–9
2 2:17 Dead Sea Scrolls and Septuagint; Masoretic Text people
rver 28; 1Sa 22:18; 23:9; 2Sa 6:14; 1Ch 15:27
3 2:20 Dead Sea Scrolls; Masoretic Text and asked from
zS Ex 32:10; S Nu 11:2; 1Sa 3:14; 1Ki 13:6; Job 9:33; Ps 106:30; Isa 1:18; 22:14; Jer 15:1; Heb 10:26
4 2:25 Or the judges
5 2:29 The Hebrew is plural.
o1Sa 4:3; 22:17–20; Jer 7:12, 14
u2Sa 8:17; 20:25; 1Ki 1:8, 32; 2:35; 4:4; 1Ch 16:39; 29:22; Eze 44:15–16
v1Sa 9:16; 10:1; 16:13; 2Sa 2:4; 12:7; 23:1; 1Ki 1:34; Ps 89:20
1 Samuel 3
n2Ki 21:12; Job 15:21; Jer 19:3
1 3:13 An ancient Hebrew scribal tradition (see also Septuagint); Masoretic Text sons made themselves contemptible
1 Samuel 4
bJos 12:18; 1Sa 29:1; 1Ki 20:26
1 4:7 Or “Gods have (see Septuagint)
2 4:18 Traditionally judged
yS Ex 24:16; Ps 106:20; Jer 2:11; Eze 1:28; 9:3; 10:18
3 4:21 Ichabod means no glory.
1 Samuel 5
cS Jdg 16:23; Isa 2:18; 19:1; 46:1
dIsa 40:20; 41:7; 46:7; Jer 10:4
1 5:6 Hebrew; Septuagint and Vulgate tumors. And rats appeared in their land, and there was death and destruction throughout the city
2 5:9 Or with tumors in the groin (see Septuagint)
3 5:11 Or he
1 Samuel 6
oS Ge 30:14; Ru 2:23; 1Sa 12:17
p1Sa 11:7; 2Sa 24:22; 1Ki 19:21
w2Sa 6:9; Ps 130:3; Mal 3:2; Rev 6:17
1 6:19 A few Hebrew manuscripts; most Hebrew manuscripts and Septuagint 50,070
1 Samuel 7
eDt 30:10; 2Ki 18:5; 23:25; Jer 24:7
gS Jdg 2:12–13; 1Sa 12:10; 31:10
kS 1Sa 1:20; Ps 99:6; Jer 15:1
lS Jos 11:3; Jdg 21:5; 1Sa 10:17
mS ver 8; S Ge 20:7; S Dt 9:19
1 7:6 Traditionally judge; also in verse 15
rver 5; S Ex 32:30; S Nu 21:7; 1Sa 12:19, 23; 1Ki 18:24; Isa 37:4; Jer 15:1; 27:18
wS Ge 28:22; S Dt 27:2; Jos 4:9
2 7:12 Ebenezer means stone of help.
fS Jos 10:43; S 1Sa 10:8; Am 5:5
1 Samuel 8
1 8:1 Traditionally judges
eNe 9:29; Job 34:27; Ps 14:3; 58:3; Isa 53:6
fEx 23:8; 1Sa 12:3; Job 8:22; Pr 17:23
jver 19; S Dt 17:14–20; 1Sa 10:19; 12:12, 13; Hos 13:11
2 8:5 Traditionally judge; also in verses 6 and 20
r1Sa 12:10; 2Ki 21:22; Jer 2:17
sver 11–18; S Dt 17:14–20; 1Sa 10:25
wS Dt 17:16; 2Sa 15:1; 1Ki 1:5; 2Ch 1:14; 9:25; SS 3:7
3 8:16 Septuagint; Hebrew young men
c1Sa 28:6; Job 27:9; 35:12, 13; Ps 18:41; 66:18; Pr 1:28; Isa 1:15; 58:4; 59:2; Jer 14:12; Eze 8:18; Mic 3:4
1 Samuel 9
c1Sa 14:51; 1Ch 8:33; 9:39; Est 2:5; Ac 13:21
oS Ge 32:20; 1Ki 13:7; 14:3; 2Ki 4:42; 5:5, 15; Jer 40:5
1 9:8 That is, about 1/10 ounce or about 3 grams
q2Sa 15:27; 24:11; 2Ki 17:13; 1Ch 9:22; 21:9; 26:28; 29:29; 2Ch 19:2; Isa 29:10; 30:10; Am 7:12
uS Mt 14:19; 1Co 10:16; 1Ti 4:3–5
vEx 30:25; S 1Sa 2:35; 12:3; 15:1; 26:9; 2Ki 11:12; Ps 2:2
c1Sa 12:13; Ezr 6:8; Isa 60:4–9; Da 2:44; Hag 2:7; Mal 3:1
1 Samuel 10
bS Ex 29:7; S 1Sa 9:16; S 1Ki 1:39
cS Ex 34:9; 2Sa 20:19; Ps 78:62, 71
1 10:1 Hebrew; Septuagint and Vulgate over his people Israel? You will reign over the LORD’s people and save them from the power of their enemies round about. And this will be a sign to you that the LORD has anointed you ruler over his inheritance:
kS Nu 11:29; 1Ki 20:35; 2Ki 2:3, 15; 4:1; 6:1; 9:1; Am 7:14
o1Sa 16:16; 18:10; 19:9; 2Ki 3:15; Ps 92:3
pver 10; 1Sa 19:20; 1Ch 25:1; 1Co 14:1
s2Sa 7:3; 1Ki 8:17; 1Ch 22:7; 28:2; 2Ch 6:7; Ecc 9:10
vJos 4:20; S 10:43; 1Sa 7:16; 11:14–15
w1Sa 13:8
dver 12; 1Sa 19:24; 2Ki 9:11; Jer 29:26; Hos 9:7
mPs 7:10; 18:48; 68:20; 145:19
xS Dt 17:14–20; S 1Sa 8:11–18; 2Ki 11:12
1 Samuel 11
aS Ge 19:38; 1Sa 12:12; 2Sa 10:2; 17:27; 1Ch 19:1
bJdg 21:8; 1Sa 31:11; 2Sa 2:4, 5; 21:12
1 11:1 Masoretic Text; Dead Sea Scrolls gifts. Now Nahash king of the Ammonites oppressed the Gadites and Reubenites severely. He gouged out all their right eyes and struck terror and dread in Israel. Not a man remained among the Israelites beyond the Jordan whose right eye was not gouged out by Nahash king of the Ammonites, except that seven thousand men fled from the Ammonites and entered Jabesh Gilead. About a month later, 1Nahash
1 Samuel 12
eS 1Sa 9:16; 24:6; 26:9, 11; 2Sa 1:14; 19:21; Ps 105:15
oIsa 1:18; 3:14; Jer 2:9; 25:31; Eze 17:20; 20:35; Mic 6:1–5
1 12:11 Also called Gideon
2 12:11 Some Septuagint manuscripts and Syriac; Hebrew Bedan
3 12:11 Hebrew; some Septuagint manuscripts and Syriac Samson
nLev 26:16; Jos 24:20; Isa 1:20; Jer 4:17; 26:4
tGe 7:12; Ex 9:18; Job 37:13; Pr 26:1
xS Ex 8:8; S 1Sa 7:8; S Jer 37:3; Jas 5:18; 1Jn 5:16
aIsa 40:20; 41:24, 29; 44:9; Jer 2:5, 11; 14:22; 16:19; Jnh 2:8; Hab 2:18; Ac 14:15
cPs 25:11; 106:8; Isa 48:9, 11; Jer 14:7; Da 9:19
dS Jos 7:9; 2Sa 7:23; Jn 17:12
gS Nu 11:2; S 1Sa 1:20; S 7:8; Ro 1:9–10
h1Ki 8:36; Ps 25:4; 34:11; 86:11; 94:12; Pr 4:11
1 Samuel 13
1 13:1 A few late manuscripts of the Septuagint; Hebrew does not have thirty.
2 13:1 Probable reading of the original Hebrew text (see Acts 13:21); Masoretic Text does not have forty-.
bver 5, 11, 23; Ne 11:31; Isa 10:28
3 13:5 Some Septuagint manuscripts and Syriac; Hebrew thirty thousand
p1Sa 10:8
qDt 12:5–14; 2Sa 24:25; 1Ki 3:4
vS Dt 4:29; Ps 119:58; Jer 26:19
xver 14; S Jos 22:16; 1Sa 15:23, 24; 2Sa 7:15; 1Ch 10:13
z1Sa 15:28; 18:8; 24:20; 1Ch 10:14
c1Sa 25:30; 2Sa 5:2; Ps 18:43; Isa 16:5; 55:4; Jer 30:9; Eze 34:23–24; 37:24; Da 9:25; Hos 3:5; Mic 5:2
d1Sa 15:26; 16:1; 2Sa 12:9; 1Ki 13:21; Hos 13:11
4 13:15 Hebrew; Septuagint Gilgal and went his way; the rest of the people went after Saul to meet the army, and they went out of Gilgal
5 13:16 Two Hebrew manuscripts; most Hebrew manuscripts Geba, a variant of Gibeah
6 13:20 Septuagint; Hebrew plow points
7 13:21 That is, about 1/4 ounce or about 8 grams
8 13:21 That is, about 1/8 ounce or about 4 grams
1 Samuel 14
kJdg 14:3; 1Sa 17:26, 36; 31:4; Jer 9:26; Eze 28:10
lS 1Sa 13:22; S 1Ki 19:12; S Mt 19:26; Heb 11:34
uS Ge 35:5; S Ex 14:24; S 19:16; 2Ki 7:5–7
w2Sa 18:24; 2Ki 9:17; Isa 52:8; Eze 33:2
1 14:15 Or a terrible panic
2 14:18 Hebrew; Septuagint “Bring the ephod.” (At that time he wore the ephod before the Israelites.)
aS Jdg 7:22; Eze 38:21; Zec 14:13
gver 43; Ps 19:10; Pr 16:24; 24:13
3 14:27 Or his strength was renewed; similarly in verse 29
q1Sa 28:6, 15; 2Sa 22:42; Ps 18:41
sS Nu 14:21; 2Sa 12:5; Job 19:25; Ps 18:46; 42:2
4 14:41 Septuagint; Hebrew does not have “Why . . . at fault.
gS Ge 36:12; Nu 13:29; Jdg 3:13; 1Sa 15:2, 7; 27:8; 28:18; 30:13; 2Sa 1:13; 1Ch 4:43
5 14:47 Masoretic Text; Dead Sea Scrolls and Septuagint king
6 14:47 Hebrew; Septuagint he was victorious
1 Samuel 15
bS Ge 14:7; S 1Sa 14:48; S 2Sa 1:8
cver 9, 19; S Ge 14:23; Jos 6:17; 1Sa 22:19; 27:9; 28:18; Est 3:13; 9:5
1 15:3 The Hebrew term refers to the irrevocable giving over of things or persons to the LORD, often by totally destroying them; also in verses 8, 9, 15, 18, 20 and 21.
dS Ge 15:19; Nu 24:22; Jdg 1:16; 1Sa 30:29
2 15:9 Or the grown bulls; the meaning of the Hebrew for this phrase is uncertain.
lJob 21:14; 34:27; Ps 28:5; Isa 5:12; 53:6; Jer 48:10; Eze 18:24
sPs 40:6–8; 51:16; Pr 21:3; Isa 1:11–15; Jer 7:22; Hos 6:6; Am 5:25; Mic 6:6–8; S Mk 12:33
vS Ex 9:27; S Nu 22:34; Ps 51:4
xPr 29:25; Isa 51:12–13; Jer 42:11
zS Nu 15:31; S 1Sa 13:14; S 1Ki 14:10
b1Ki 11:11, 31; 14:8; 2Ki 17:21
3 15:32 The meaning of the Hebrew for this phrase is uncertain.
1 Samuel 16
e2Sa 5:2; 7:8; 1Ki 8:16; 1Ch 12:23; Ps 78:70; Ac 13:22
nS 1Sa 2:3; 2Sa 7:20; S Ps 44:21; S 139:23; S Rev 2:23
yver 23; S Jdg 9:23; 1Sa 18:10
1 16:14 Or and a harmful; similarly in verses 15, 16 and 23
aver 23; S 1Sa 10:5, 6; 2Ch 29:26–27; Ps 49:4
1 Samuel 17
1 17:4 That is, about 9 feet 9 inches or about 3 meters
2 17:5 That is, about 125 pounds or about 58 kilograms
3 17:7 That is, about 15 pounds or about 6.9 kilograms
4 17:17 That is, probably about 36 pounds or about 16 kilograms
5 17:18 Or some token; or some pledge of spoils
eDt 5:26; S Jos 3:10; 2Ki 18:35
gS Dt 20:3; Ps 18:45; Isa 7:4; Jer 4:9; 38:4; Da 11:30
iJob 10:16; Isa 31:4; Jer 49:19; Hos 13:8; Am 3:12
s1Sa 24:14; 2Sa 3:8; 9:8; 2Ki 8:13
wDt 20:1; 2Ch 13:12; 14:11; 32:8; Ps 20:7–8; 124:8; Heb 11:32–34
b1Ki 18:36; 2Ki 5:8; 19:19; Isa 37:20
d1Sa 14:6; 2Ch 14:11; Jer 39:18
eS Ex 14:14; S Nu 21:14; S 1Sa 2:9; 2Ch 20:15; Ps 44:6–7
6 17:52 Some Septuagint manuscripts; Hebrew of a valley
1 Samuel 18
a1Sa 19:1; 20:16; 31:2; 2Sa 4:4
d1Sa 20:8, 16, 17, 42; 22:8; 23:18; 24:21; 2Sa 21:7
1 18:10 Or a harmful
xJos 1:5; 1Sa 17:37; 20:13; 1Ch 22:11
cS Ge 39:2; S Nu 14:43; 2Sa 7:9
2 18:19 Or However,
1 Samuel 19
1 Samuel 20
b1Sa 22:23; 23:15; 24:11; 25:29; Ps 40:14; 54:3; 63:9; 70:2
1 20:25 Septuagint; Hebrew wall. Jonathan arose
kS Ge 33:3; Ru 2:10; 1Sa 24:8; 25:23; 2Sa 1:2
mS Ge 40:14; 2Sa 1:26; Pr 18:24
2 20:42 In Hebrew texts this sentence (20:42b) is numbered 21:1.
1 Samuel 21
1 In Hebrew texts 21:1–15 is numbered 21:2–16.
a1Sa 22:9, 19; Ne 11:32; Isa 10:32
fDt 23:9–11; Jos 3:5; 2Sa 11:11
hS Ex 25:30; 1Sa 22:10; Mt 12:3–4; Mk 2:25–28; Lk 6:1–5
2 21:5 Or from us in the past few days since
1 Samuel 22
e2Sa 24:11; 1Ch 21:9; 29:29; 2Ch 29:25
c1Sa 23:6, 9; 30:7; 2Sa 15:24; 20:25; 1Ki 1:7; 2:22, 26, 27; 4:4; 1Ch 15:11; 27:34
1 Samuel 23
cver 4, 12; 1Sa 22:10; 30:8; 2Sa 2:1; 5:19, 23; Ps 50:15
1 23:15 Or he was afraid because
2 23:28 Sela Hammahlekoth means rock of parting.
hS Jos 15:62; 2Ch 20:2; SS 1:14
3 23:29 In Hebrew texts this verse (23:29) is numbered 24:1.
1 Samuel 24
1 In Hebrew texts 24:1–22 is numbered 24:2–23.
2 24:4 Or “Today the LORD is saying
tS Ge 16:5; S 1Sa 25:38; S Job 9:15
bPs 26:1; 35:24; 43:1; 50:4; 54:1; 135:14
lGe 21:23; S 47:31; S 1Sa 18:3; 2Sa 21:1–9
1 Samuel 25
1 25:1 Hebrew and some Septuagint manuscripts; other Septuagint manuscripts Maon
yS Ge 42:26; 2Sa 16:1; Isa 30:6
2 25:18 That is, probably about 60 pounds or about 27 kilograms
3 25:22 Some Septuagint manuscripts; Hebrew with David’s enemies
jPr 12:16; 14:16; 20:3; Isa 32:5
dPr 20:1; Ecc 10:17; Isa 5:11, 22; 22:13; 28:7; 56:12; Hos 4:11
gDt 32:35; 1Sa 24:12; 26:10; 2Sa 6:7; 12:15
4 25:44 Hebrew Palti, a variant of Paltiel
1 Samuel 26
h2Sa 2:18; 10:10; 16:9; 18:2; 19:21; 23:18; 1Ch 11:20; 19:11
jver 16; S Ge 26:11; S 1Sa 9:16; 2Sa 1:14; 19:21; La 4:20
lS Ge 16:5; S 1Sa 25:38; S Ro 12:19
tDt 20:16; 32:9; 2Sa 14:16; 20:19; 21:3
aS Ge 16:5; S Ru 2:12; Ps 62:12
1 Samuel 27
1 Samuel 28