ALCORAN: Anonymous. The Alcoran of the Franciscans, or a Sink of Lyes and Blasphemies. London: 1679. Copy in the Sabatier Collection, Rare Books & Manuscripts, Boston Public Library.
ARMSTRONG: Armstrong, Regis J., J. A. Wayne Hellmann, and William J. Short, eds. Francis of Assisi: Early Documents. Vol. 1, The Saint. New York: New City Press, 1999.
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BPL: Haraszti, Zoltan. “A Library about St. Francis.” In More Books: The Bulletin of the Boston Public Library, Vol. VI, no. 7 (1931).
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BROWN: Brown, Raphael, trans. The Little Flowers of St. Francis: A Modern English Translation from the Latin and the Italian with Introduction, Notes, and Biographical Sketches. New York: Image Books, 1958.
BURCKHARDT: Burckhardt, Jacob. The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy. Trans. Middlemore. London: Phaidon Press, 1945.
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CAMILLE: Camille, Michael. Image on the Edge: The Margins of Medieval Art. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1992.
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COULTON: Coulton, G. G. Medieval Panorama: The English Scene from Conquest to Reformation. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1938.
COULTON 2: Coulton, G. G. From St. Francis to Dante: Translations from the Chronicle of the Franciscan Salimbene, 1221–1288. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1972.
COWAN: Cowan, James. Francis: A Saint’s Way. Liguori, MO: Liguori/Triumph, 2001.
CUNNINGHAM 1: Cunningham, Lawrence, ed. “The Vitality of the Franciscan Spirit: Reflections on the 750th Anniversary of the Death of St. Francis,” Christian Century, October 13, 1976.
CUNNINGHAM 2: Cunningham, Lawrence, ed. Brother Francis: An Anthology of Writings by and About St. Francis of Assisi. New York: Harper & Row, 1972.
CUTHBERT: Cuthbert, Father, OSFC. Life of St. Francis of Assisi. New York: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1927.
DALARUN: Dalarun, Jacques. The Misadventure of Francis of Assisi: Toward a Historical Use of the Franciscan Legends, trans. Edward Hagman, OFM Cap. St. Bonaventure, NY: Franciscan Institute Publications, 2002.
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DAVIES: Davies, Norman. Europe: A History. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
DEAN: Dean, Judith. Every Pilgrim’s Guide to Assisi and Other Franciscan Pilgrim Places. Norwich, UK: Canterbury Press, 2002.
ECO: Eco, Umberto. Art and Beauty in the Middle Ages. Trans. Hugh Bredin. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2002.
ECO 2: Eco, Umberto. The Name of the Rose. Trans. William Weaver. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1983.
ELKINS: Elkins, James. Pictures and Tears: A History of People Who Have Cried in Front of Paintings. New York: Routledge, 2001.
FOLIGNO: Steegmann, Mary G., Trans. The Book of Divine Consolation of the Blessed Angela of Foligno. New York: Cooper Square Publishers, 1966.
FRANCIS: Sweeney, Jon M., trans. Francis of Assisi in His Own Words: The Essential Writings. Brewster, MA: Paraclete Press, 2013.
GALLI: Galli, Mark. Francis and His World. Oxford: Lion Publishing, 2002, and Downer’s Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2002.
GEBHART: Gebhart, Emile. Mystics and Heretics in Italy at the End of the Middle Ages. Trans. Edward Maslin Hulme. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1922.
GOAD: Goad, Harold E. “The Dilemma of St. Francis and the Two Traditions.” In St. Francis of Assisi: 1226–1926: Essays in Commemoration with a Preface by Professor Paul Sabatier. Ed. Walter Seton. London: University of London Press, 1926; pp. 129–162.
GORDON: Gordon, Lina Duff. The Story of Assisi. Illustrated by Nelly Erichsen and M. Helen James. London: J. M. Dent & Co., 1901.
GREEN: Green, Julien. God’s Fool: The Life and Times of Francis of Assisi. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1985.
HOLMES: Holmes, George. The Oxford Illustrated History of Italy. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.
HOUSE: House, Adrian. Francis of Assisi: A Revolutionary Life. Mahwah, NJ: HiddenSpring/Paulist Press, 2001.
HUIZINGA: Huizinga, Johan. Men and Ideas. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1960.
KAZANTZAKIS: Kazantzakis, Nikos. Saint Francis. Trans. P. A. Bien. New York: Ballantine Books, 1966.
KELLY: Kelly, J. N. D. The Oxford Dictionary of Popes. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.
KOSSAK: Kossak, Zofia. Blessed are the Meek: A Novel about St. Francis of Assisi. Trans. Rulka Langer. New York: Roy Publishers, 1944.
MARTIN: Martin, Valerie. Salvation: Scenes from the Life of St. Francis. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2001
MOORMAN: Moorman, John. A History of the Franciscan Order: From its Origins to the Year 1517. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1968.
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RUNCIMAN: Runciman, Steven. A History of the Crusades. Vol. 3, The Kingdom of Acre and the Later Crusades. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
SABATIER: Sabatier, Paul. Life of St. Francis of Assisi. Trans. Louise Seymour Houghton. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1906, 1938.
SEDGWICK: Sedgwick, Henry Dwight. Italy in the Thirteenth Century, Vols. 1–2. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1912.
SETON: Seton, Walter, ed. St. Francis of Assisi: 1226–1926: Essays in Commemoration with a Preface by Professor Paul Sabatier. London: University of London Press, 1926.
SOURCEBOOK: Chaucer, Geoffrey. Canterbury Tales. Public domain modern translation, Internet Medieval Sourcebook; http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/CT-prolog-para.html.
SWEENEY: Francis and Clare: A True Story. Brewster, MA: Paraclete Press, 2014.
THOMPSON: Thompson, Augustine, OP. Francis of Assisi: A New Biography. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2012.
THREE: “The Legend of the Three Companions.” In Francis of Assisi: Early Documents. Vol. 2, The Founder. Ed. Regis J. Armstrong, J. A. Hellmann, and William J. Short. New York: New City Press, 2000.
UGOLINO: Ugolino, Brother. The Little Flowers of Saint Francis, introduced and arranged by Jon M. Sweeney. Brewster, MA: Paraclete Press, 2011.
VAUCHEZ: Vauchez, Andre. Francis of Assisi: The Life and Afterlife of a Medieval Saint, trans. Michael F. Cusato. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2012.
VORAGINE: de Voragine, Jacobus. The Golden Legend: Readings on the Saints, Vol. II. Trans. William Granger Ryan. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995.
WHICHER: Whicher, George F. The Goliard Poets: Medieval Latin Songs and Satires. New York: New Directions, 1949.