1. This became a standard biographer’s sentiment: compare, for instance, Plutarch, Life of Alexander, 1.

2. On this claim, see pp. 21, 58.

3. The Panathenaea was an annual festival in honour of Athena. Every fourth year it was held on a grander scale and was called the Great Panathenaea.

4. See p. 150, n. 2; Autolycus had presumably just won the boys’ competition. Homosexuality was an accepted fact of life, especially among upper-class Athenians.

5. See p. 128, n. 1.