Place of publication is London unless otherwise stated.
1 ‘To know fully’: Patrick Kavanagh, ‘The Parish and the Universe’, Collected Pruse, MacGibbon and Kee, 1964.
Marion Shoard, ‘Edgelands’, as it appears in Remaking the Landscape (ed. Jennifer Jenkins), Profile Books, 2002.
Marion Shoard, This Land is Our Land, Gaia Books, 1997.
Oliver Rackham, The History of the Countryside, J.M. Dent, 1986.
Jean Clottes, Chauvet Cave: The Art of Earliest Times, University of Utah Press, 2003, translated by Paul G. Bahn, from La Grotte Chauvet, l’art des origins, Éditions du Seuil, Paris 2001.
David Lewis-Williams, The Mind in the Cave, Thames & Hudson, 2002.
1 ‘Becoming-animal’: taken from Gilles Deleuze, ‘The Body, the Meat and the Spirit: Becoming Animal’ from Tracy Warr (ed.), The Artist’s Body, translated by Liz Heron, Phaidon Press, 2000.
Simon Schama, Landscape & Memory, HarperCollins, 1995.
Ely Hargove, History of the Castle, Town and Forest of Knaresborough: with Harrogate, and Its Medicinal Waters, York Edition, 1798.
Bernard Jennings, A History of Harrogate and Knaresborough, Advertiser Press, Huddersfield, 1970.
William Grainge, History and Topography of Harrogate and the Forest of Knaresborough, Smith & Co., 1871.
Bill Williams, Bilton Through the Ages, Bill Williams, Harrogate, 1985.
Walter J. Kaye, Records of Harrogate, F.J. Walker, Leeds, 1922.
Phyllis Hembry, The English Spa, 1560–1815, The Athlone Press, 1990.
G. Body, PSL Field Guides – Railways of the Eastern Region, Volume 2, Patrick Stephens Ltd, Wellingborough, 1988.
Walter Weaver Tomlinson, The North Eastern Railway, its Rise and Development, Longmans, Green and Co., 1914.
On the development of Harrogate’s railway lines, see: http://lostrail-wayswestyorkshire.co.uk/Leeds%20Harrogate.htm.
Malcolm Neesam, Harrogate Great Chronicle, 1332–1841, Carnegie Publishing, Lancaster, 2005.
H.G. Lloyd, The Red Fox, Batsford, 1980.
Martin Wallen, Fox, Reaktion Books, 2006.
Kenneth Varty, Reynard The Fox, Leicester University Press, Leicester, 1967.
Laura Spinney, ‘The Lost World’, Nature, 454, 2008.
Derek Yalden, The History of British Mammals, T. & A.D. Poyser, 1999.
Richard Jefferies, The Gamekeeper at Home and The Amateur Poacher, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1960.
Hope P. Werness, The Continuum Encyclopedia of Animal Symbolism in Art, Continuum, 2003.
C.G. Jung, The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious, Routledge (2nd edition), 1991.
C.G. Jung, Psychological Types, translated by R.F.C. Hull as in The Collected Works of C.G. Jung, Bollingen Ser 20, Volume 6, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1971.
Laurie Milner, Leeds Pals: History of the 15th (Service) Battalion (1st Leeds) the Prince of Wales’ Own (West Yorkshire Regiment), 1914–18, Wharncliffe Books, Barnsley, 1993.
Chris Mead, Robins, Whittet Books Ltd, 1989.
Bertel Brunn (with illustrations by Arthur Singer), Birds of Europe, McGraw-Hill, 1971.
John R. Mather, Birds of the Harrogate District, Harrogate and District Naturalists’ Society, Harrogate, 2001.
Chris Mead, Owls, Whittet Books Ltd, Stansted, 1994.
Leanne Thomas (with illustrations by Chris Shields), Guide to British Owls and Owl Pellets, Field Studies Council, 2008.
Colin Harrison, A Field Guide to Nests, Eggs, Nestlings of British and European Birds, Viking Press, 1982.
Mark Cocker and Richard Mabey, Birds Britannica, Chatto & Windus, 2005.
Mark Cocker, Birds and People, Jonathan Cape, 2013.
Paul Sterry, Collins Complete Guide to British Birds, Collins, 2008.
On tawny owl calls and mating, see: http://godsownclay.com/TawnyOwls/tawnyowlsentrypa.html.
Philip Stewart Robinson, Birds of the Wave and Woodland, Hard Press, 2013.
Krystyna Weinstein, The Owl in Art, Myth, and Legend, Grange Books, 1990.
Virginia C. Holmgren, Owls in Folklore and Natural History, Capra, Santa Barbara, 1989.
Gertrud Benker, While Man and Nature Sleep: Owls are Cultural Symbols of Dark Mystery and Good Fortune, The World & I Online (Kindle edition), 1993.
1 ‘She is a bird indeed … but conceals her shame in the darkness; and by all the birds she is expelled entirely from the sky’: Ovid, The Metamorphoses (FABLE IX), translated by Henry T. Riley, Digireads.com, 2009.
2 ‘He is the very monster of the night … if he be seen, it is not for good, but prognosticates some fearful misfortune’: Pliny (The Elder), Natural History: A Selection, translated by John F. Healey, Penguin, 1991.
3 ‘It was the owl that shrieked, the fatal bellman, which gives the stern’st goodnight’: William Shakespeare, Macbeth, 2.ii, 4–5.
D.W. Snow and C.M. Perrins, The Birds of the Western Palearctic (concise edition), Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1998.
Robert Burton, Bird Behaviour, Granada Publishing, 1985.
Karel H. Voous, Owls of the Northern Hemisphere, Collins, 1988.
4 ‘All of the night was quite barred out except …’: Edward Thomas, ‘The Owl’, as it appears in Annotated, Collected Poems, edited by Edna Longley, Bloodaxe Books, Hexham, 2008.
1 ‘A change in the weather’: Marcel Proust, In Search Of Lost Time, Volume 3: The Guermantes Way, translated by C.K. Scott Moncrieff, D.J. Enright and Terence Kilmartin, Vintage Classics, 1996.
George Ewart Evans, David Thomson, The Leaping Hare, Country Book Club (reprint edition), 1974.
2, 3, 4, 5 ‘The man who encounters the hare’: the sections of folk terms for the hare throughout this chapter are taken from the Middle English poem ‘The Names of the Hare in English’, which appears in many forms. This is the version transcribed by Ewart Evans and David Thomson in The Leaping Hare, Country Book Club (reprint edition), 1974.
John Layard, The Lady of the Hare, Shambhala, Boston, 1988.
Simon Carnell, Hare, Reaktion Books, 2010.
Christine Gregory, Brown Hares in Derbyshire: The Story of One of the Peak District’s Most Enigmatic Mammals, Vertebrate Publishing, Sheffield, 2012.
Heather McDougall, ‘The pagan roots of Easter’, Guardian, 3 April 2010.
Adrian Bott, ‘The modern myth of the Easter bunny’, Guardian, 23 April 2011.
6 ‘The hare springs up the hero in many flood myths’: this telling of the hare’s role in saving Noah’s Ark is explained by Alan Dundes and appears in his The Flood Myth, University of California Press, Oakland, 1988.
7 ‘For one month it becomes male, and the other female’: this example is taken from Ancient Laws and Institutes of Wales: laws supposed to be enacted by Howel the Good, an insightful and revealing repository printed in 1831.
Jeremy Rifkin, Biosphere Politics: A New Consciousness for a New Century, Crown Publications, New York, 1991.
The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, translated by George Norman Garmonsway, Everyman’s Library, 624, 1953.
Kevin Cahill, Who Owns Britain, Canongate, Edinburgh, 2001.
Simon Fairlie, ‘A Short History of Enclosure in Britain’ as it appeared in The Land, Issue 7, 2009.
Colin Ward, Cotters and Squatters: The Hidden History of Housing, Five Leaves Publication, 2002.
Claire Joy, ‘The roots of our rootlessness – a history of enclosures’, as it appears on http:/www.reclaimthefields.org.uk, accessed 2 April 2012.
George Monbiot, ‘The Tragedy of Enclosure’, in Scientific American, 1994.
Joan Thirsk, ‘The Common Fields’ as it appeared in Past and Present, 29, 1964.
Giselle Byrnes, Boundary Markers, Bridget Williams Books, New Zealand, 2002.
C.S. and C.S. Orwin, The Open Fields, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1938.
Thomas More, Utopia, Everyman, 1994.
‘The Harrogate Improvement Act being an act for improving certain parts of the townships of Bilton with Harrogate, and Pannal, called High and Low Harrogate, for protecting the Mineral Springs and for other purposes therein mentioned; (Verbatim from the Parliamentary Copy) Prepared by the Solicitors for Obtaining the Act’, Pickersgill Palliser, Harrogate, 1845.
James Manby Gully, Water Cure in Chronic Disease, Simpkin, Marshall & Co., 1884.
Gillian Thomas, ‘Lime and Coal in Bilton’ as it appeared in St John Bilton’s Parish Magazine, date unrecorded.
Bernard Jennings, A History of the Wells and Springs of Harrogate, Harrogate Corporation Department of Conference and Resort Services, Harrogate, 1974.
Adam Hunter, A Treatise on the Mineral Waters of Harrogate and its Vicinity, Longman and Co., 1830.
Neville Wood (ed.), Health resorts of the British Islands, University of London Press: Hodder & Stoughton, 1912.
Andrew Scott Myrtle and James Aitken Myrtle, The Harrogate Mineral Waters and Chronic Diseases, with Cases, R. Ackrill, Harrogate, 1867.
John B.L. McKendrick, ‘The Value of Sulphur Baths in Rheumatism’, a Thesis for Degree of M.D at Glasgow University, 1934.
Robert Mortimer Glover, On Mineral Waters: Their Physical and Medicinal Properties, Henry Renshaw, 1857.
Malcolm Neesam, Harrogate Great Chronicle, 1332–1841, Carnegie Publishing, Lancaster, 2005.
William Grainge, History and Topography of Harrogate and the Forest of Knaresborough, Smith & Co., 1871.
Bill Williams, Bilton Through the Ages, Bill Williams, Harrogate, 1985.
Walter J. Kaye, Records of Harrogate, F. J. Walker, Leeds, 1922.
Richard Muir, Shell Guide to Reading the Landscape, Michael Joseph Ltd, 1981.
8 ‘There are voices today that call for “re-wilding”’: I’m grateful to Tim Dee for our numerous conversations on modern forms of enclosure and the challenges of nature conservation and mediated experiences of landscape. He also touches on these subjects in his wonderful Four Fields, Jonathan Cape, 2013.
Richard Prior, The Roe Deer: Conservation of a Native Species, Swan Hill Press, Shrewsbury, 1995.
Henry Tegner, The Roe Deer – Their History, Habits and Pursuit, Tideline Publications, Rhyl, 1981
Emma Griffin, Blood Sports: Hunting in Britain since 1066, Yale University Press, Yale, 2008.
Ruth A. Johnston, All Things Medieval: An Encyclopedia of the Medieval World, Volume 1, ABC-CLIO LLC, 2011.
Richard Almond, Medieval Hunting, The History Press, 2011.
John Cummins, The Hound and the Hawk: Art of Medieval Hunting, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1988.
Edward of Norwich, edited by William A. and F.N. Baillie-Grohman, The Master of Game, The History Press (reprint edition), 2011.
Mike Brough, History & Hikes of the Ancient Royal Hunting Forest of Knaresborough, Colin Michael Brough, Harrogate, 2013.
Bernard Jennings (ed.), A History of Nidderdale, Pateley Bridge Tutorial Class; Advertiser Press Limited, Huddersfield, 1983.
Early Yorkshire Charters Volumes I and IX, based on manuscripts of the late William Farrer, Charles Travis Clay CB, FBA (ed.), Yorkshire Archaeological Society Record Series, 1952.
Arnold Kellett, Historic Knaresborough, Smith Settle Ltd, Otley, 1991.
Arnold Kellett, The Knaresborough Story, Lofthouse Publications, Pontefract, 1990.
Nicky Milner, Barry Taylor, Chantal Conneller and Tim Schadla-Hall, Star Carr: Life in Britain After the Ice Age, Council for British Archaeology, 2013.
J.G.D. Clark, Excavations at Star Carr, Cambridge University Prress, Cambridge, 1954.
T. Clare, ‘Before the first woodland clearings’, British Archaeology 8, http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba8/BA8FEAT.HTML, 1995.
R. Chatterton, ‘Star Carr reanalysed’, in J. Moore and L. Bevan (eds.) Peopling the Mesolithic in a Northern Environment, Archaeopress, Oxford, British Archaeological Reports International Series 1157, 2003.
C.J. Conneller, ‘Star Carr recontextualised’, in J. Moore and L. Bevan (eds), Peopling the Mesolithic in a Northern Environment, Archaeopress, Oxford, British Archaeological Reports International Series 955, 2003.
Brian G. Dias & Kerry J. Ressler, ‘Parental olfactory experience influences behavior and neural structure in subsequent generations’, Nature Neuroscience 17, 2013.
Nessa Carey, The Epigenetics Revolution: How Modern Biology is Rewriting Our Understanding of Genetics, Disease and Inheritance, Icon Books Ltd, 2012.
Benjamin Elliott, ‘Antlerworking practices in Mesolithic Britain’, PhD thesis, University of York, Department of Archaeology, 2012.
E. Percival and H. Whitehead, Observations on the Biology of the Mayfly, Ephemera Danica, Mull, reprint from the Leeds Philosophical Society, Leeds, 1926.
Malcolm Greenhalgh, The Mayfly and the Trout, The Medlar Press, Ellesmere, 2011.
Paul Giller and Bjorn Malmqvist, The Biology of Streams and Rivers, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1998.
Gary Lafontaine, The Challenge of the Trout, Mountain Press, Missoula, 1983.
Chris Kightley, Steve Madge and Dave Nurney, The Pocket Guide to the Birds of Britain and North-West Europe, Pica Press, 1998.
R.S.R. Fitter, Collins Pocket Guide to British Birds, Collins, 1966.
Mark Cocker and Richard Mabey, Birds Britannica, Chatto & Windus, 2005.
David Lack, Swifts in a Tower, Methuen, 1956.
Derek Bromhall, Devil Birds: The Life of the Swift, Hutchinson, 1980.
Andrew Lack and Roy Overall, The Museum Swifts, Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Oxford, 2002.
Graham Appleton, ‘Swifts start to share their secrets’, British Trust for Ornithology (BTO) News, May–June 2012.
Håkan Karlsson, Per Henningsson, Johan Bäckman, Anders Hedenström and Thomas Alerstam, ‘Compensation for wind drift by migrating swifts’, Animal Behaviour, Volume 80, Issue 3, September 2010.
Johan Bäckman and Thomas Alerstam, ‘Harmonic oscillatory orientation relative to the wind in nocturnal roosting flights of the swift Apus apus’, Journal of Experimental Biology, 11 December 2001.
Elizabeth Day, ‘Revealed: how the swift keeps to its course at 10,000ft – even as it sleeps’, Telegraph, 14 March 2004.
Robert Furness, J. D. D. Greenwood, Birds as Monitors of Environmental Change, Springer (soft-cover reprint of 1st edition, 1993), 2013.
Bob Hume, ‘Learning About Birds: Swift’, Birds Magazine (RSPB), as it appears on http://www.stocklinch.org.uk/Swift.htm, accessed 29 July 2012.
Peter Berthold, Hans-Günther Bauer and Valerie Westhead, Bird Migration: A General Survey, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2001.
S. Åkesson, R. Klaassen, J. Holmgren, J.W. Fox and A. Hedenström, ‘Migration routes and strategies in a highly aerial migrant, the common swift Apus apus, revealed by light-level geolocators’, PLoS One, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22815968, 2012.
1 ‘They’ve made it again’: Ted Hughes, ‘Swifts’, as featured in The Poetry of Birds, Viking, 2009, edited by Simon Armitage and Tim Dee.
2 ‘Naturalist Richard Mabey wrote of being struck by an unavoidable allegory’: the article in question is from 2009 and appears in his collection A Brush With Nature: 25 years of personal reflections on nature, BBC Books, 2010.
W. Wiltschko, U. Munro, H. Ford and R. Wiltschko, ‘Bird navigation: what type of information does the magnetite-based receptor provide?’, Proceedings of the Royal Society, B 273 (1603), www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1664630/, 22 November 2006.
Mark E. Deutschlander, John B. Phillips and S. Chris Borland, ‘The Case for Light-Dependent Magnetic Orientation in Animals’, Journal of Experimental Biology, 22 March 1999.
For more on the common swift, its diet, migrations, habits and habitats, see (and support) the fantastic: http://www.swift-conservation.org.
1 ‘Now I am ready to tell how bodies are changed’: Ted Hughes, Tales from Ovid: 24 Passages from the Metamorphoses, Faber & Faber, 2002.
R.H Deaton, Small Rodents of the Harrogate District, Harrogate and District Naturalists’ Society, Harrogate, 1988.
M. Barnham and G.T. Foggitt, Butterflies in the Harrogate District, Harrogate and District Naturalists’ Society, Harrogate, 1987.
Joseph Moucha, A familiar colour guide to familiar Butterflies, Caterpillars and Chrysalides, Octopus, 1978.
Ferris Jabr, ‘How Does a Caterpillar Turn into a Butterfly?’, in Scientific American, 10 August 2012.
Editorial, M. S. Warren et al., ‘Rapid responses of British butterflies to opposing forces of climate and habitat change’, Nature, 414, 65–9, 1 November 2001.
2 ‘A biting east wind brought the temperature down to -1°C’: Newsletter No. 17 of the Bilton Conservation Group, Winter 1985/6, ‘The Wildlife of the Nidd Gorge in Winter’ (Secretary: Keith Wilkinson).
Newsletter of the Bilton Conservation Group dated ‘Spring 2007’.
Study by Cobham Resource Consultants for the Council of the Borough of Harrogate, ‘Nidd Gorge and Bilton Fields: Proposals for the Management of the Countryside on the northern and eastern fringes of Harrogate’, March 1983.
Peter Barnes (ed.), ‘Bilton with Harrogate – Forest, Farms and Families’, Report of a Community Archaeological Project by Bilton Historical Society, 2008.
Christopher Brickell (ed.-in-chief), The Royal Horticultural Society Encyclopedia of Gardening, Dorling Kindersley Ltd, 1992.
Richard Mabey, Flora Britannica, Chatto & Windus/Sinclair Stevenson, 1996.
David D. Stuart, Buddlejas (Royal Horticultural Society Plant Collector Guide), Timber Press, 2006.
For more information on SUSTRANS, the sustainable transport charity, see: http://www.sustrans.org.uk.
For more information on butterflies as an indicator species, including reports, see the United Kingdom Butterfly Monitoring Scheme: http://www.ukbms.org/indicators.aspx.
Various local history sources and websites proved invaluable in the research of the fate of the ‘Leeds Pals’ during the First World War. Few records prove as evocative however, as the words of Private A.V. Pearson, speaking about his battalion after the war: ‘The name of Serre and the date of 1st July is engraved deep in our hearts, along with the faces of our Pals, a grand crowd of chaps. We were two years in the making and ten minutes in the destroying.’ An overview of the battalion’s formation can be found on the Wartime Memories Project website (archived by the British Library), which also sheds light on the ferocity faced by its soldiers on their first engagement in the war: ‘The 15th Battalion, West Yorkshire Regiment (1st Leeds Pals) was raised in Leeds in September 1914 by the Lord Mayor and City. After training locally, the Battalion joined the 93rd Brigade, 31st Division, in May 1915 and moved to South Camp, Ripon and later to Hurdcott Camp near Salisbury. In December that year they set sail for Alexandria in Egypt to defend the Suez Canal before, in March 1916, the entire 31st Division left Port Said aboard HMT Briton bound for Marseilles in France, a journey that lasted five days. They travelled by train to Pont Remy, a few miles south-east of Abbeville, and marched to Bertrancourt arriving on 29 March 1916. Their first taste of action was at Serre on the first day of the Somme where they suffered heavy casualties as the battle was launched.’ For more information see: http://www.wartimememoriesproject.com/greatwar/allied/westyorkshireregiment15.php and http://www.leeds-pals.com.
For a comprehensive breakdown of the battle of Serre on 1 July 1916, see: http://www.ww1battlefields.co.uk/somme/serre.html.
Recorded losses for the battalion, sustained in the few minutes after Zero, were 24 officers and 504 other ranks, of which 15 officers and 233 other ranks were killed. Despite the Commander-in-Chief, Douglas Haig, commenting negatively on the performance of VIII Corps on the 1 July 1916 in his diary – Gary Sheffield and John Bourne (ed.), Douglas Haig: War Diaries & Letters 1914–1918, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2005 – the Official British History recognises the efforts made by the men, many of who had never been in action before. In Brigadier-General Sir James E. Edmonds, Military Operations France and Belgium 1916, Sir Douglas Haig’s Command to the 1st July: Battle of the Somme: Volume I, 1932, it states: ‘There was no wavering or attempting to come back, the men fell in their ranks, mostly before the first hundred yards of No Mans Land had been crossed. The magnificent gallantry, discipline and determination displayed by all ranks of this North Country division were of no avail against the concentrated fire-effect of the enemy’s unshaken infantry and artillery.’
Laurie Milner, Leeds Pals: History of the 15th (Service) Battalion (1st Leeds) the Prince of Wales’ Own (West Yorkshire Regiment), 1914–18, Wharncliffe Books, Barnsley, 1993.
Major and Mrs Holt, Battlefield Guide to the Somme, Pen and Sword Books Ltd, Barnsley, 2008.
Chris McCarthy, The Somme: The Day-by-Day Account, Caxton Editions, 2000.
Martin Middlebrook, The First Day on the Somme, Penguin Books, 1984.
Martin and Mary Middlebrook, The Middlebrook Guide to the Somme Battlefields: A Comprehensive Coverage from Crecy to the World Wars, Pen and Sword Books Ltd, 2007.
Paul Reed, Walking the Somme, Pen and Sword Books Ltd, Barnsley, 1997.
Dylan Trigg, ‘The Memory of Place: a Phenomenology of the Uncanny’, as it appears on academia.edu: http://www.academia.edu/355785/The_Memory_of_Place_a_Phenomenology_of_the_Uncanny.
Prepared by order of W. Patrick, Esq., ‘The Particulars and Plan of Bilton Hall Estate, to be offered for sale by auction by Renton & Renton, Wednesday the 4th day of June, 1924’, accessed at Harrogate Library, 2012.
‘North Harrogate Residents Consultative Group’, pamphlet detailing proposals for housing and relief road to Skipton Road through Knox, Bachelor Gardens, Bilton, Starbeck, 1985. Under ‘Fact One’: ‘The six miles of road is projected as a three-lane highway. It is more than an idea, it is an imminent reality’; under ‘Fact Two’: ‘The intended road will facilitate a huge housing and industrial venture, expanding Harrogate beyond recognition’, accessed at Harrogate Library, 2012.
Tony Cheal, Bilton Residents 1882–1899, listing document produced for the Bilton Historical Society, Harrogate, May 1996.
Jack Kerouac, On the Road, Penguin Modern Classics, 2000.
Michael Clark, Badgers, Whittet Books Ltd, 1988.
Fiona Harvey, ‘Badger culling is ineffective, says architect of 10-year trial’, Guardian, 11 July 2011.
Patrick Barkham, ‘Slaughtering badgers is not the answer to bovine TB’, Guardian, 15 December 2011.
Damian Carrington and Jamie Doward, ‘Badger cull “mindless”, say scientists’, Observer, 13 October 2012.
Patrick Barkham, ‘Do we have to shoot the badgers?’, Guardian, 6 August 2011.
Richard Black, ‘Badger cull “may worsen problem”’, BBC News, Science/Environment, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-11303939, 15 September 2010.
Angela Cassidy, ‘Vermin, Victims and Disease: UK Framings of Badgers In and Beyond the Bovine TB Controversy’, Sociologia Ruralis, Volume 52, Issue 2, April 2012.
1 On Owen Paterson tabling 600 questions regarding badger control in opposition, see Hansard, Common Debates, Column 1062, http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmhansrd/cm121025/debtext/121025-0001.htm, 25 October 2012.
Damian Carrington, ‘Owen Paterson: true blue countryman putting wind up green campaigners’, Guardian, 11 October 2012.
Damian Carrington, ‘Owen Paterson’s climate change problem: cock-up or conspiracy?’, Guardian, 7 September 2012.
2 ‘In a body blow to the new environment minister, thirty eminent British scientists’: Professor Sir Patrick Bateson et al., ‘Culling badgers could increase the problem of TB in cattle’, open letter, Observer, 14 October 2012: http://www.theguardian.com/theob-server/2012/oct/14/letters-observer.
‘In for the cull: A government that asks for independent scientific advice had best be ready to take it’: Editorial, Nature, 450 (7166), 1–2, 1 November 2007.
Stephen P. Carter, Mark A. Chambers, Stephen P. Rushton, Mark D.F. Shirley, Pia Schuchert, Stéphane Pietravalle, Alistair Murray, Fiona Rogers, George Gettinby, Graham C. Smith, Richard J. Delahay, R. Glyn Hewinson and Robbie A. McDonald, ‘BCG Vaccination Reduces Risk of Tuberculosis Infection in Vaccinated Badgers and Unvaccinated Badger Cubs’, PLoS ONE, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3521029, 2012.
‘Bovine TB: The Scientific Evidence – A Science Base for a Sustainable Policy to Control TB in Cattle – An Epidemiological Investigation into Bovine Tuberculosis’, presented by Professor John Bourne (chairman of Independent Scientific Group on Cattle TB) to the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, The Rt Hon David Miliband, MP, June 2007. This full version of the report, including John Bourne’s covering letter, appears on the Team Badger website and may be read in full at https://www.teambadger.org/pdf/final_report.pdf.
W.J. Stokoe (compiled by), Maurice Burton, D.Sc. (revised by), The Observer’s Book of Wild Animals of the British Isles, Frederick Warne & Co., 1958.
Gareth Enticott, ‘The Spaces of Biosecurity: Prescribing and Negotiating Solutions to Bovine Tuberculosis’, Environment and Planning A, Volume 40, No. 7, 2008.
3 ‘I know I’m not alone in wondering’: the insight and research of the Guardian between 2011 and 2012 were important in my investigations into the efficacy of badger culling. I am particularly grateful to Patrick Barkham and Damian Carrington and recommend Patrick’s subsequent book Badgerlands, Granta, 2013, as a definitive work on the period.
Margaret Blount, Animal Land, Hutchinson, 1974.
Timothy Roper, Badger, HarperCollins, 2010.
Hannah Kuchler, ‘Coalition clashes on wind farm policy’, Financial Times, 31 October 2012.
Kiran Stacey, ‘Allies warn Cameron of move to right’, Financial Times, 5 September 2012.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), ‘Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report’, as it appears on https://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/spms2.html, 2007.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), ‘Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis: Summary for Policymakers’, as it appears on http://www.slvwd.com/agendas/Full/2007/06-07-07/Item%2010b.pdf, 2007.
For explanations of climate-change science and rebuttal of misinformation, see: http://www.skepticalscience.com
Camille Parmesan and Gary Yohe, ‘A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems’, Nature, 421, 37–42, 2 January 2003.
Cynthia Rosenzweig et al., ‘Attributing physical and biological impacts to anthropogenic climate change’, Nature, 453, 353–7, 15 May 2008.
George Monbiot, ‘Bonfire of Promises’, Guardian, 28 May 2012, and ‘Shale Fail’, published on the Guardian website, 31 August 2011, also featured on his website: www.monbiot.com.
Graham Readfearn, Leo Hickman and Rupert Neate, ‘Michael Hintze revealed as funder of Lord Lawson’s climate thinktank’, Guardian, 27 March 2012: http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2012/mar/27/tory-donor-climate-sceptic-thinktank.
Steve Connor, ‘How the “Kochtopus” stifled green debate: behind the climate “countermovement” are two billionaire brothers’, Independent, 24 January 2013.
Ian Johnstone, ‘Nigel Lawson’s climate-change denial charity “intimidated” environmental expert’, Independent, 11 May 2014.
Bob Ward, ‘When climate change denial is promoted in mainstream news’, New Statesman, 20 August 2014: http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2014/08/when-climate-change-denial-promoted-mainstream-news.
‘Global Warming’s Denier Elite’, Editorial, Rolling Stone, 12 September 2013.
‘Climate Denial Machine Fuelled by Big Oil…’, Editorial, as it appears on ecowatch.com, 29 July 2014.
For more information on the campaign against climate change, see: http://www.campaigncc.org
George Monbiot, Heat, Penguin, 2006.
‘You showed me’: Martin Simpson, ‘Never Any Good’, Prodigal Son, Topic Records, 2007.