I am most fortunate to work in a field where so many colleagues will take the time to respond unselfishly to requests for information, advice, and comments. I want to acknowledge the following individuals and institutions for their help.
Horace W. Davenport, professor emeritus of physiology at the University of Michigan, shared his experiences of working with Walter Cannon at Harvard and made a number of helpful comments on that chapter.
Edward Domino, professor emeritus of pharmacology at the University of Michigan, read an early version of the manuscript and made me aware of issues that needed to be explored.
Robert D. Myers, professor emeritus of pharmacology, East Carolina University, shared recollections of his experience working with Wilhelm Feldberg at the Mill Hill Laboratory.
Richard Hume, professor of molecular, cellular, and developmental biology at the University of Michigan, provided helpful information about the evolution of neurotransmitters.
Professor Solomon Snyder, distinguished professor of neuroscience, pharmacology, and psychiatry at Johns Hopkins University, commented most helpfully on my manuscript and shared over a pleasant lunch some of the history behind his major contributions to our understanding of neurotransmitters.
Professor Steven J. Cooper, head of psychology at the University of Liverpool, called to my attention several publications relevant to this history and shared his knowledge of the prevailing attitude of English physiologists toward the field of pharmacology during the first half of the twentieth century.
Jonathan Leo, professor of anatomy, Western University of Health Sciences in Pomona, California, and Dr. Tilli Tansey of the Wellcome Trust Center for the History of Medicine at University College London brought useful articles to my attention.
Professor Kent Berridge, my colleague in biopsychology at the University of Michigan, made many thought-provoking comments on several revisions of the entire manuscript.
Professor Michael Myslobodsky, of Tel Aviv and Howard University, drew the figure depicting the leech muscle preparation for detecting acetylcholine. Professor Myslobodsky, Paul Valenstein, and Max Valenstein provided assistance in reproducing the figures for publication.
I want also to acknowledge the Nobel Archives for providing me with copies of nominating letters and evaluations of candidates for the Nobel Prize. Maria Holter translated some of the Nobel archive documents from Swedish to English.
The Rockefeller Foundation provided information from their archives on the work of the foundation in helping scientists and intellectuals persecuted by the Nazis.
The University of Michigan research librarians helped me locate numerous old and obscure references.
I am also indebted to the staff at Columbia University Press for being enthusiastic about the book from the outset. My editor, Robin Smith, made many constructive suggestions that improved the book. Ron Harris and Ann Young coordinated the various stages of production of the book and kept everything running smoothly.
Elliot S. Valenstein
Professor Emeritus, University of Michigan