This book is dedicated to two institutions and two people. To the City College of New York, for providing a returning World War II veteran with the opportunity to make a fresh start. At CCNY, I first learned what scholarship really meant. There professors encouraged even undergraduates to question everything and everyone, including themselves. My professional career ended up at The University of Michigan, where for more than 35 happy years I have been continually stimulated, challenged, and helped by my colleagues.

This book is also dedicated to the memory of Professors William C. Young and Walle J. H. Nauta. In graduate school, Bill Young taught me by his example how to select research problems worth pursuing and to appreciate that every manuscript can be improved with more thought and still another draft.

After completing my Ph.D., I went to work at The Walter Reed Institute of Research. Because of the crowded conditions at the Institute, I shared an office with Walle Nauta, at the time probably the leading neuroanatomist in the world. A constant stream of eminent neuroscientists came to consult with Walle, and he always insisted that I sit in on their discussions about brain and behavior. Even though it was often not true, he always made me feel like I had something to contribute. No one could have had a more stimulating environment to grow intellectually.