List of Figures

2.1

Schematic illustration of storage method 1

2.2

Method 1 – Pit 3

2.3

Schematic illustration of storage method 2

2.4

Storage method 3: Acorns in basket

2.5

Storage method 3: Hazel twig lattice layer

2.6

Storage method 3: Leaf layer

2.7

Storage method 3: Soil capping

4.1

Deposits from Durrington Walls, Wiltshire (Permission J. Thomas)

4.2

Reconstructed instruments for on site tests (Copyright, The Author)

4.3

Reconstructed instruments for on site tests (Copyright, The Author)

6.1

Huib van der Stam demonstrated medieval brewing techniques and prehistoric mashing was demonstrated by Merryn Dineley

6.2

Mashing the medieval way

6.3

Hot stones are dropped into water in a rectangular wooden trough

6.4

Crushed malt barley is transformed into liquid malt sugars

6.5

Making ale is a messy business

6.6

Mashing in pottery vessels containing crushed malt and water

6.7

Bowl mash and barley cakes on hot stone

6.8

Scanning Electron Microscope image of a 6000-year-old carbonised grain from Balbridie, Grampian, Scotland

7.1

Vessel One – Section built, all over comb; 15.5 cm

7.2

Vessel Two – Section built, all over comb; 15.5 cm

7.3

Beaker from Bathgate, West Lothian; 19 cm

7.4

Vessel Three – Section built, all over cord; 11 cm

7.5

Beaker from Aberdeenshire; 12 cm

7.6

Vessel Five – Section built, comb and spatula; 20 cm

7.7

Beaker from Littleton Castle, Kelso; 17.5 cm to break

7.8

Vessel Six – Cord supported ring built; 13 cm

7.9

Vessel Eight – Cord supported ring built; 10 cm

7.10

Vessel Nine – Section built, all over cord; 13 cm

8.1

Maldon Moot Hall. This three storied town tower house is the oldest standing brick structure in Essex, dating to the first quarter of the 15th Century

8.2

Layer Marney Towers. The gatehouse was originally intended to be part of a large courtyard house complex which was never finished

8.3

Layout of the principal buildings at Layer Marney. With the exception of the barn, all the structures are built principally from brick (note that only the corner of the church is shown in the diagram) (source: RCHME, 1922, 159)