HOW TO USE THIS ENCYCLOPEDIA

ALPHABETICAL ORDER

Each entry name in the World Encyclopedia of 20th Century Murder is bold-faced and listed alphabetically. Biographical entries are alphabetized by the subject’s last name. Everything preceding the comma is treated as a unit when alphabetizing. Hyphens, diacritical marks, periods following initials, and spaces do not influence its alphabetization. Names with prefixes such as de, von, or le are listed under the most common form of the name. Names beginning in Mc or M’ are treated as if spelled Mac. Asian names, in which the family name comes first, are alphabetized by the family name, omitting the comma. Identical names are alphabetized chronologically. When the names of two or more people head an entry, it is usually alphabetized according to the most prominent person’s last name.

ENTRY HEADINGS

Entries appear in boldface and are categorized alphabetically under the name of the offender. Parenthetical remarks immediately following an entry name indicate an alternate spelling, that person’s original or maiden name, or the entry’s alias if preceded by AKA:. These names also appear in boldface.

Following the name are date(s) relevant to that entry. The letter b. preceding the date signifies that only the person’s date of birth is known, while the letter d. signifies that only the person’s date of death is known. The letter c. (circa) signifies that the date which immediately follows is approximate. In some cases prom. (prominent) is used to denote the year(s) in which that entry was noteworthy.

The country designation in each entry heading refers to the country in which the crime was committed or the country in which persons in the field of crime are known professionally. Entries where crimes are committed in more than three countries or committed on the high seas are designated as Int’l. (International).

A number of entries may include more than one person if the criminals or professionals worked together. When the relevant dates of a multiple name entry coincide, one date will follow the last person named in the entry heading.

REFERENCES

Cross references immediately following an entry refer the reader to entries containing additional information relevant to the case, person, place, or event being consulted. Direct references are also used frequently throughout to lead the readers from a well known name (alias, victim, event) to the name under which that entry appears (Hooded Man, The, See: McKay, George).

KEY TO ABBREVIATIONS

Afg.

= Afghanistan

Ala.

= Alabama

Alb.

= Albania

Alg.

= Algeria

Arg.

= Argentina

Ariz.

= Arizona

Ark.

= Arkansas

Aus.

= Australia

Aust.

= Austria

Bav.

= Bavaria

Belg.

= Belgium

Ber.

= Bermuda

Bol.

= Bolivia

Braz.

= Brazil

Brit.

= Britain/England including Wales

Bul.

= Bulgaria

Calif.

= California

Can.

= Canada

Col.

= Colombia

Colo.

= Colorado

Conn.

= Connecticut

Cos.

= Costa Rica

Czech.

= Czechoslovakia

Del.

= Delaware

Den.

= Denmark

Dom.

= Dominican Republic

Ecu.

= Ecuador

EI Sal.

= EI Salvador

Eth.

= Ethiopia

Fin.

= Finland

Fla.

= Florida

Fr.

= France

Ga.

= Georgia

Ger.

= Germany

Gr.

= Greece

Guat.

= Guatemala

Hond.

= Honduras

Hung.

= Hungary

Ice.

= Iceland

Ill.

= Illinois

Ind.

= Indiana

Indo.

= Indonesia

Int’l.

= International

Ire.

= Ireland

Isr.

= Israel

Jam.

= Jamaica

Jor.

= Jordan

Kan.

= Kansas

Kor.

= Korea

Ky.

= Kentucky

La.

= Louisiana

Leb.

= Lebanon

Lux.

= Luxembourg

Mac.

= Macedonia

Mass.

= Massachusetts

Md.

= Maryland

Mex.

= Mexico

Mich.

= Michigan

Mid. East

= Middle East

Minn.

= Minnesota

Miss.

= Mississippi

Mo.

= Missouri

Mont.

= Montana

Mor.

= Morocco

N. Zea.

= New Zealand

N.C.

= North Carolina

N.D.

= North Dakota

N.H.

= New Hampshire

N.J.

= New Jersey

N.M.

= New Mexico

N.Y.

= New York

Neb.

= Nebraska

Neth.

= Netherlands

Nev.

= Nevada

Nic.

= Nicaragua

Nig.

= Nigeria

Nor.

= Norway

Okla.

= Oklahoma

Ore.

= Oregon

P.R.

= Puerto Rico

Pa.

= Pennsylvania

Pak.

= Pakistan

Pan.

= Panama

Para.

= Paraguay

Per.

= Persia

Phil.

= Philippines

Pol.

= Poland

Port.

= Portugal

R.I.

= Rhode Island

Rom.

= Romania

Roman.

= Roman Empire

Rus.

= Russia (prior to 1918)

S. Afri.

= South Africa

S.C.

= South Carolina

S.D.

= South Dakota

Saud.

= Saudi Arabia

Scot.

= Scotland

Sen.

= Senegal

Si.

= Sicily

Sing.

= Singapore

Sri.

= Sri Lanka

Sudan

= Sudan

Swed.

= Sweden

Switz.

= Switzerland

Tai.

= Taiwan

Tan.

= Tanzania

Tenn.

= Tennessee

Thai.

= Thailand

trans.

= translator

Tun.

= Tunisia

Turk.

= Turkey

U.A.E.

= United Arab Emirates

U.K.

= United Kingdom

U.S.

= United States of America

U.S.S.R.

= Union of Soviet Socialist Republics(after 1918)

Urug.

= Uruguay

Va.

= Virginia

Vcnez.

= Venezuela

Viet.

= Vietnam

Vt.

= Vermont

W.Va.

= West Virginia

Wash.

= Washington

Wis.

= Wisconsin

Wyo.

= Wyoming

Yug.

= Yugoslavia