Chapter Two
1. Alan Berger, Second Generation Voices: Reflections by Children of Holocaust Survivors & Perpetrators (Syracuse University Press, 2001), 3.
Chapter Four
1. Yitzhak Arad, The Holocaust in the Soviet Union (University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln; Yad Vashem, Jerusalem, 2009), 51–52.
Chapter Five
1. George Friedman, “Does Ukraine Really Want to be Sovereign Nation?”, Kyiv Post (December 3, 2010), 5.
2. Arad, The Holocaust in the Soviet Union, 109–110.
3. Anatoly Podolsky, “A Reluctant Look Back: Jews and the Holocaust in Ukraine,” Osteuropa (2008).
Chapter Six
1. Raul Hilberg, The Destruction of the European Jews (Quadrangle Books/Chicago, 1961), 3–4.
2. Hilberg, The Destruction of the European Jews, 17.
3. Emily Paras, “The Darker Side of Martin Luther,” Digital-Commons@IWU (2008), 1.
Chapter Seven
1. Richard Rhodes, Masters of Death: The SS Einsatzgruppen and the Invention of the Holocaust (Vintage Books, New York, 2002), xii.
2. Interview, “An Insidious Evil,” The Atlantic Monthly (February 11, 2004).
3. Hilary Earl, The Nuremberg SS-Einsatzgruppen Trial, 1945–1958 (Cambridge University Press, 2009), 134.
4. Hilberg, The Destruction of the European Jews, 187, 192.
Chapter Eight
1. Hilberg, The Destruction of the European Jews, 257.
2. Ilya Ehrenburg and Vasily Grossman, eds., The Black Book (Yad Vashem, 1980).
3. Ernst Klee, Willi Dressen, and Volker Riess, The Good Old Days: The Holocaust as Seen by its Perpetrators and Bystanders (The Free Press/Macmillan, 1991).
4. Klee, Dressen, Riess, The Good Old Days, 154.
5. Klee, Dressen, Riess, The Good Old Days, 28.
Chapter Nine
1. Karel Berkhoff, “Hitler’s Clean Slate: Everyday Life in the Reichcommissariat Ukraine, 1941–1944” (PhD diss., University of Toronto, 1998).
2. Arad, The Holocaust in the Soviet Union, 413.
1. Nora Levin, The Holocaust: The Destruction of European Jewry 1933–1945 (Thomas Y. Crowell Company, New York, 1986), 261.
2. Levin, The Holocaust, 261.
3. Rhodes, Masters of Death, 282.
4. Levin, The Holocaust, 261.
Chapter Eleven
1. Hannah Arendt, Eichmann in Jerusalem: A Report on the Banality of Evil (Viking Press, New York, 1963), 76–77.
2. Arendt, Eichmann in Jerusalem, 77.
3. Wendy Lower, “The Holocaust and Colonialism in Ukraine: A Case Study of the General Bezirk Zhytomyr, 1941–1944” (paper presented at a symposium on the Holocaust in the Soviet Union at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, D.C., September 2005).
Chapter Thirteen
1. Earl, The Nuremberg SS-Einsatzgruppen Trial, 1945–1958, 164.
2. Arad, The Holocaust in the Soviet Union, 349.
3. Earl, The Nuremberg SS-Einsatzgruppen Trial, 1945–1958, 290.
Chapter Fourteen
1. Christopher Browning, Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland (HarperCollins Publishers, New York, 1992), 2.
2. Meredith Meehan, “Auxiliary Police Units in the Occupied Soviet Union, 1941–43: A Case Study of the Holocaust in Gomel, Belarus” (Honors thesis, United States Naval Academy, 2010).
3. Klee, et al., The Good Old Days, xiii.
4. Konrad Kwiet, “Rehearsing for Murder: The Beginning of the Final Solution in Lithuania in June 1941,” Holocaust and Genocide Studies (Spring 1998), 11.
5. Jürgen Matthaüs, “Controlled Escalation: Himmler’s Men in the Summer of 1941 and the Holocaust in the Occupied Soviet Territories,” Holocaust and Genocide Studies (Fall 2007), 229–230.
Chapter Nineteen
1. Anatoly Podolsky, “A Reluctant Look Back: Jews and the Holocaust in Ukraine,” Osteuropa (2008), 4–5.
2. Elena Ivanova, “Ukrainian High School Students’ Understanding of the Holocaust,” Holocaust and Genocide Studies (Winter 2004), 406–407.
3. Ivanova, Holocaust and Genocide Studies (Winter 2004), 417.
4. Ivanova, Holocaust and Genocide Studies (Winter 2004), 418.
Chapter Twenty-One
1. Arad, The Holocaust in the Soviet Union, 407.
2. Ignatik Federovich Kladov, The People’s Verdict: A Full Report of the Proceedings of the Krasnodar and Kharkov German Atrocity Trials (Hutchinson & Co., London 1944).
3. The People’s Verdict.
4. The People’s Verdict.
5. Arad, The Holocaust in the Soviet Union, 443.
6. The Unknown Black Book (Indiana University Press, Bloomington, 2008), 104–105.
1. I.A. Lediakh, “The Application of the Nuremberg Principles by Other Military Tribunals and National Courts,” in The Nuremberg Trial and International Law, ed. George Ginsburgs and V.N. Kudriavtsev (Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1990), 263–264.
2. George Ginsburgs, Moscow’s Road to Nuremberg: The Soviet Background to the Trial (Kluwer Law International, The Netherlands, 1996), 31–32.
3. Ginsburgs, Moscow’s Road to Nuremberg, 34.
4. Arad, The Holocaust in the Soviet Union, 540.
5. J.T. Dykman, “The Soviet Experience in World War Two” (paper presented at The Eisenhower Institute, 2002).
6. Arieh Kochavi, “The Moscow Declaration, the Kharkov Trial, and the Question of a Policy on Major War Criminals in the Second World War,” History (October 1991).
7. John Quigley, “Soviet Influences on International Criminal Law in the Nuremberg Era,” review of Moscow’s Road to Nuremberg by George Ginsburgs, Criminal Law Forum (1996), 447–448.
8. Michael Bazyler, “The Role of the Soviet Union in the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg and Impact on Its Legacy,” Titel des Artikels, 2.
9. Bazyler, “The Role of the Soviet Union in the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg and Impact on Its Legacy,” Titel des Artikels, 7–8.
10. Francine Hirsch, “The Soviets at Nuremberg: International Law, Propaganda, and the Making of the Postwar Order,” American Historical Review (June 2008), 707.
11. Hirsch, “The Soviets at Nuremberg,” 703.
12. Hirsch, “The Soviets at Nuremberg,” 710.
13. Arieh Kochavi, Prelude to Nuremberg: Allied War Crimes Policy and the Question of Punishment (University of North Carolina Press, 1998), 231, 247.
14. Bazyler, “The Role of the Soviet Union in the International Military Tribunal,” Titel des Artikels, 4.
Chapter Twenty-Three
1. Alexander Prusin, “Fascist Criminals to the Gallows!: The Holocaust and Soviet War Crimes Trials, December 1945–February 1946,” Holocaust and Genocide Studies (Spring 2003), 6.
2. Arad, The Holocaust in the Soviet Union, 537.
3. Prusin, “Fascist Criminals to the Gallows!”, Holocaust and Genocide Studies (2003), 21.
4. Prusin, “Fascist Criminals to the Gallows!”, Holocaust and Genocide Studies (2003), 6.
Chapter Twenty-Five
1. Prusin, “Fascists Criminals to the Gallows!”, Holocaust and Genocide Studies (2003), 21.
2. Hannah Arendt, Eichmann in Jerusalem: A Report on the Banality of Evil (Viking Press, New York, 1963), 279.
Epilogue
1. Laurel Leff, “When the Facts Didn’t Speak for Themselves: The Holocaust in the New York Times, 1939–1945,” in Why Didn’t the Press Shout?, ed. Robert Moses Shapiro (KTAV Publishing House, 2003), 70.