List of illustrations

1   Lucas Cranach’s portrait of Martin Luther, 1520

The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, gift of Felix M. Warburg, 1920 (20.64.21). Image © The Metropolitan Museum of Art

2   Portrait of Calvin at age 53, 1562

© Roger-Viollet/TopFoto.co.uk

3   Engraving of the Council of Trent in session, 16th century

Private Collection © The Bridgeman Art Library

4   Allegory of the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, 1686

The Huguenot Society

5   Opening of St John’s Gospel from Tyndale’s bible of 1526

© The British Library/HIP/ TopFoto.co.uk

6   Adrien Ysenbrandt’s The Mass of St Gregory, 1532

© The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles

7   English woodcut showing Protestant men and women at communion, 1570s

© The Bodleian Library, University of Oxford (Tanner 285, fol. 41v)

8   Albrecht Dürer’s woodcuts on the Apocalypse, ‘The Battle of the Angels’

9   Map showing the religious complexion of Europe c. 1600

© From Euan Cameron, The European Reformation (OUP, 1990). By permission of Oxford University Press

10   François Brunel, Procession of the French Catholic League, 1590

© Musée des Beaux-Arts, Valenciennes, France/Lauros/ Giraudon/The Bridgeman Art Library

11   Anthonius Claessins’s A Family Saying Grace before a Meal, c. 1585

Shakespeare Birthplace Trust

12   Egbert van Heemskerk, engraving showing a woman preaching at an English Quaker meeting, 17th century

© 2004 Fotomas/TopFoto.co.uk

13   Hans Sebald Beham, The Dance of the Noses, 1520

Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford

14   Franciscan friars burning pagan ‘idols’ in 16th-century Mexico

By permission of Glasgow University Library, Special Collections Department

15   Interior of the church of the Gesú, Rome

© Fondo Edifici di Culto, Min. dell’Interno. Photo: © Scala, Florence

16   Rembrandt, Belshazar’s Feast, c. 1636–8

© The National Gallery, London/ 2006 TopFoto.co.uk

17   Woodcut from Foxe’s Book of Martyrs of Protestants burned at Smithfield in 1556

The Bodleian Library, University of Oxford (Douce F.subt 2. p. 1451)

18   Italian Jesuit Matteo Ricci, missionary to China, in Oriental dress

© The Granger Collection/TopFoto. co.uk

19   Woodcut of a diabolic baptism, from Francesco Maria Guazzo’s Compendium maleficarum (1626)

© Art Media/HIP/TopFoto.co.uk