| Country | Colonial Heritage Status Score Colonized according to our operational definition? (0 = No, 1 = Yes) | Colonial History |
|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | 1 | Britain, independence in 1919; USSR, independence in 1989 |
| Albania | 1 | Ottoman Empire; Italy; Germany, independence in 1943 |
| Algeria | 1 | France, independence in 1962 |
| Angola | 1 | Portugal, independence in 1975 |
| Argentina | 1 | Spain, independence in 1816 |
| Armenia | 1 | Iran; Imperial Russia; Ottoman Empire, brief independence in 1918; USSR, independence in 1991 |
| Australia | 1 | Britain, independence in 1901 |
| Austria | 0 | Not colonized |
| Azerbaijan | 1 | Russia, independence in 1918; USSR, independence in 1991 |
| Bahamas | 1 | Britain, independence in 1973 |
| Bahrain | 1 | Britain, independence in 1971 |
| Bangladesh | 1 | Britain, independence in 1971 |
| Barbados | 1 | Britain, independence in 1966 |
| Belarus | 1 | USSR, independence in 1991 |
| Belgium | 1 | Austria; then France, independence in 1830 |
| Belize | 1 | Britain and Guatemala, independence in 1981 |
| Benin | 1 | France, independence in 1960 |
| Bhutan | 1 | Britain, independence in 1947 |
| Bolivia | 1 | Spain, independence in 1825 |
| Bosnia-Herzegovina | 1 | Ottoman Empire, Austro-Hungarian Empire, independence from Yugoslavia in 1992 |
| Botswana | 1 | Britain, independence in 1966 |
| Brazil | 1 | Portugal, independence in 1822 |
| Brunei | 1 | Britain, independence in 1984 |
| Bulgaria | 1 | Ottoman Empire, independence in 1908; USSR, independence in 1990 |
| Burkina Faso | 1 | France, independence in 1960 |
| Burma/Myanmar | 1 | Britain, independence in 1948 |
| Burundi | 1 | Belgium, independence in 1962 |
| Cambodia | 1 | France, independence in 1953 |
| Cameroon | 1 | France, independence in 1960; Britain, independence in 1972 |
| Canada | 1 | Britain, independence in 1867 |
| Cape Verde | 1 | Portugal, independence in 1975 |
| Central African Republic | 1 | France, independence in 1960 |
| Chad | 1 | France, independence in 1960; Libya, independence in 1990 |
| Chile | 1 | Spain, independence in 1818 |
| China | 1 | Several colonial powers; republic in 1912 |
| Colombia | 1 | Spain, independence in 1810 |
| Comoros | 1 | France, independence in 1975 |
| Congo | 1 | France, independence in 1960 |
| Costa Rica | 1 | Spain, independence in 1821 |
| Cote D’Ivoire | 1 | France, independence in 1960 |
| Croatia | 1 | Austro-Hungarian Empire, independence in 1918; then part of Yugoslavia until 1991 |
| Cuba | 1 | Spain, independence in 1898 |
| Cyprus | 1 | Britain, independence in 1960 |
| Czech Republic | 1 | Austro-Hungarian Empire, independence in 1918; Soviet occupation as Czechoslovakia |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 1 | Belgium, independence in 1960 |
| Denmark | 0 | Not colonized |
| Djibouti | 1 | France, independence in 1977 |
| Dominican Republic | 1 | Spain; independence in 1865 |
| East Timor | 1 | Portugal, independence in 1974; Indonesia, independence in 2002 |
| Ecuador | 1 | Spain, independence in 1822 |
| Egypt | 1 | Ottoman Empire; Britain, independence in 1952 |
| El Salvador | 1 | Spain, independence in 1821; Central American Federation, independence in 1839 |
| Equatorial Guinea | 1 | Spain, independence in 1968 |
| Eritrea | 1 | Italy; Britain; Ethiopia, independence in 1993 |
| Estonia | 1 | Denmark; Sweden; Germany; Russia, independence in 1918; USSR, independence in 1991 |
| Ethiopia | 0 | Not colonized |
| Fiji | 1 | Britain, independence in 1970 |
| Finland | 1 | Sweden; Russia, independence in 1917 |
| France | 0 | Not colonized |
| Gabon | 1 | France, independence in 1960 |
| Gambia, The | 1 | Britain, independence in 1965 |
| Georgia | 1 | USSR, independence in 1991 |
| Germany | 0 | Not colonized; short-term Allied occupation after World War II |
| Ghana | 1 | Britain, independence in 1957 |
| Greece | 1 | Ottoman Empire, independence in 1830 |
| Guatemala | 1 | Spain, independence in 1821 |
| Guinea | 1 | France, independence in 1958 |
| Guinea-Bissau | 1 | Portugal, independence in 1974 |
| Guyana | 1 | Netherlands; Britain, independence in 1966 |
| Haiti | 1 | France, independence in 1804 |
| Honduras | 1 | Spain, independence in 1821 |
| Hungary | 1 | USSR, independence in 1989 |
| Iceland | 1 | Denmark, independence in 1918 |
| India | 1 | Britain, independence in 1947 |
| Indonesia | 1 | The Netherlands, independence in 1949 |
| Iran | 0 | Not colonized |
| Iraq | 1 | League of Nations mandate nation under Britain, independence in 1932 |
| Ireland | 1 | Britain, independence in 1921 |
| Israel | 0 | Not colonized |
| Italy | 0 | Not colonized |
| Jamaica | 1 | Britain, independence in 1962 |
| Japan | 0 | Not colonized; short-term Allied occupation after World War II |
| Jordan | 1 | Mandate nation under Britain, independence in 1946 |
| Kazakhstan | 1 | Russian Empire; USSR, independence in 1990 |
| Kenya | 1 | Britain, independence in 1963 |
| Kosovo | 1 | Serbia, independence in 2008 |
| Kuwait | 1 | Britain, independence in 1961 |
| Kyrgyzstan | 1 | USSR, independence in 1991 |
| Laos | 1 | Thailand; France, independence in 1953 |
| Latvia | 1 | USSR, independence in 1991 |
| Lebanon | 1 | Mandate nation under France, independence in 1943 |
| Lesotho | 1 | Britain, independence in 1966 |
| Liberia | 0 | Not colonized |
| Libya | 1 | Italy, independence in 1951 |
| Lithuania | 1 | USSR, independence in 1990 |
| Luxembourg | 1 | The Netherlands, independence in 1839 |
| Macedonia | 1 | Yugoslavia, independence in 1991 |
| Madagascar | 1 | France, independence in 1960 |
| Malawi | 1 | Britain, independence in 1964 |
| Malaysia | 1 | Britain, independence in 1957 |
| Maldives | 1 | Britain, independence in 1965 |
| Mali | 1 | France, independence in 1960 |
| Malta | 1 | Britain, independence in 1964 |
| Mauritania | 1 | France, independence in 1960 |
| Mauritius | 1 | France; Britain, independence in 1960 |
| Mexico | 1 | Spain, independence in 1821 |
| Moldova | 1 | USSR, independence in 1990 |
| Mongolia | 1 | USSR; China, independence in 1911 |
| Montenegro | 1 | Turkey; then a kingdom; then part of Yugoslavia, independence in 2006 |
| Morocco | 1 | France, independence in 1956 |
| Mozambique | 1 | Portugal, independence in 1975 |
| Namibia | 1 | Germany; South Africa, independence in 1990 |
| Nepal | 0 | Not colonized |
| Netherlands | 0 | France, independence in 1830 |
| New Zealand | 1 | Britain, independence in 1907 |
| Nicaragua | 1 | Spain, independence in 1821 |
| Niger | 1 | France, independence in 1960 |
| Nigeria | 1 | Britain, independence in 1960 |
| North Korea | 1 | Japan, independence in 1945 |
| Norway | 1 | Denmark, independence in 1814 |
| Oman | 1 | De facto British colonization; independence came gradually in mid-20th century |
| Pakistan | 1 | Britain, independence in 1947 |
| Palestine | 1 | Britain; Israel, independence in 1988 |
| Panama | 1 | Spain, independence in 1821; Colombia, independence in 1903 |
| Papua New Guinea | 1 | Germany; Britain; Australia, independence in 1975 |
| Paraguay | 1 | Spain, independence in 1811 |
| Peru | 1 | Spain, independence in 1821 |
| Philippines | 1 | Spain; United States, independence in 1946 |
| Poland | 1 | Russia; Prussia; Austria; USSR, independence in 1990 |
| Portugal | 0 | Not colonized |
| Qatar | 1 | Britain, independence in 1971 |
| Romania | 1 | Ottoman Empire, independence in 1877; USSR, independence in 1989 |
| Russia | 0 | Not colonized |
| Rwanda | 1 | Belgium, independence in 1962 |
| Saudi Arabia | 0 | Not colonized |
| Senegal | 1 | France, independence in 1960 |
| Serbia | 1 | Ottoman Empire; former Yugoslavia, independence in 1992 |
| Sierra Leone | 1 | Britain, independence in 1961 |
| Singapore | 1 | Britain, independence in 1965 |
| Slovakia | 1 | Hungary; Czechoslovakia; USSR, independence in 1989 |
| Slovenia | 1 | Hungary; Austria; Yugoslavia, independence in 1991 |
| Solomon Islands | 1 | Britain, independence in 1978 |
| Somalia | 1 | Britain, independence in 1960 |
| South Africa | 1 | Netherlands; Britain, independence in 1910 |
| South Korea | 1 | Japan, independence in 1945 |
| South Sudan | 1 | Egypt, Britain; Sudan, independence in 2011 |
| Spain | 0 | Not colonized |
| Sri Lanka | 1 | Netherlands; Britain, independence in 1948 |
| Sudan | 1 | Britain; Egypt, independence in 1956 |
| Suriname | 1 | Netherlands, independence in 1975 |
| Swaziland | 1 | Britain, independence in 1968 |
| Sweden | 0 | Not colonized |
| Switzerland | 0 | Not colonized |
| Syria | 1 | Turkey; France, independence in 1946 |
| Taiwan | 1 | China; Japan, de facto independence in 1945 |
| Tajikistan | 1 | Russia; USSR, independence in 1991 |
| Tanzania | 1 | Britain, independence in 1964 |
| Thailand | 0 | Not colonized |
| Togo | 1 | France, independence in 1960 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 1 | Spain; Britain, independence in 1962 |
| Tunisia | 1 | France, independence in 1956 |
| Turkey | 0 | Not colonized |
| Turkmenistan | 1 | Russia; USSR, independence in 1991 |
| Uganda | 1 | Britain, independence in 1962 |
| Ukraine | 1 | Russia; USSR, independence in 1991 |
| United Arab Emirates | 1 | Britain, independence in 1971 |
| United Kingdom | 0 | Not colonized |
| United States | 1 | Britain, independence in 1783 |
| Uruguay | 1 | Spain; Brazil, independence in 1828 |
| Uzbekistan | 1 | Russia; USSR, independence in 1991 |
| Vanuatu | 1 | Britain; France, independence in 1980 |
| Venezuela | 1 | Spain; Colombia, independence in 1845 |
| Vietnam | 1 | France, independence in 1954 |
| Yemen | 0 | North Yemen’s highlands; Ottoman Turks, independence in 1918; South Yemen: Britain, independence in 1967 (0 because only partially colonized) |
| Zambia | 1 | Britain, independence in 1964 |
| Zimbabwe | 1 | Britain, independence in 1965 |