³² Leiptr is one of the rivers of the nether world (“Grímnismál,” St. 28). Hence an oath by its water corresponds to the Greeks’ swearing by Styx.

³³ “The Wave,” one of Ægir’s daughters. See “Guðrúnarkviða” III, St. 3, and “Atlakviða,” St. 33, for mention of the oaths such as those sworn by Dag.

³⁴ Supplied after Bugge’s and Grundtvig’s suggestion.

³⁵ Supplied by the Translator.

³⁶ See the like statement in “Hárbarzljóð,” St. 24.