Index

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‘A celle qui est restée en France’ (Hugo) 202–3

A l’ombre des jeunes filles en fleurs 208; antisemitism in 141–45; aristocracy in 158; astral imagery in 320–22; cross-referenced 301; Dreyfus affair in 138–39; Elstir’s paintings 45–52, 60, 76–78; ‘glorious lie’ in 23; jealousy in 252; literary references in 99; plenitude in 187; political comedy in 135–6; retroaction in 55–56; sexuality in 45, 47–49, 52, 184, 219–21, 240–41, 254; time in 45–49

‘A Villequier’ (Hugo) 202

Adorno, Theodor 32–33, 35, 340

Aeneid (Virgil) 122–23

aesthetics 68, 70, 92, 105, 116, 173, 200

‘After a Journey’ (Hardy) 259

Albertine disparue 175; artistic references in 102; death in 291–94; desire in 229; despair in 265–66; homosexuality in 8–10, 54–55; maternal theme of 95–96, 102; paedophilia in 233–34; sexuality in 263; time in 53

altruism 21, 199–200, 204–5

Amores (Ovid) 232, 261

‘Un Amour de Swann’ 299; fashion in 74–75; pain in 208; prefiguration in 57; self in 20–21; sexuality in 215–17, 252; statuary imagery in 299

anatomical deficiency 246–49

anticipation 34, 58–59

antisemitism 130–31, 139, 141–47, 174, 325, 332n

appeasement 257, 261

architecture 90, 91, 96

aristocracy 127–30, 133–34, 150–51, 157–65, 168–69, 174

Aristotle 22

art 68–125, 189, 318–19; angels in 88–89; art market 69–73, 106; of artisan 87–88; artistic qualities 166–68; and communication 203–4; construction work of 109, 285–86; and death 273, 286–87, 304–5, 314–16; and history 270–72; imaginary works 76–78, 116; immortality through 317; self in 3, 110–12; and sex 218; Whole Truth artists 106–8; see also painting

Artaud, Antonin 267, 272, 309

artisans 87–88, 90, 109, 124–25

astral imagery v, xi, 1, 2, 18–19, 27–28, 30, 126, 175, 198, 209, 267, 271, 320–24, 328

Auden, W.H. 336n

Auerbach, Erich 324

Austen, Jane 1, 21

Axel’s Castle (Wilson) 205, 340

Bacon, Francis (writer) 271

Bacon, Francis (painter) 272

Bagatelles pour un massacre (Céline) 144

Le Balcon (Genet) 152, 309

Balzac, Honoré de 159, 236

Barbey d’Aurevilly, Jules 91

Barthes, Roland 84

Bartók, Béla 208, 302

Beckett, Samuel xviii, 340

Beethoven, Ludwig van 34, 186, 204

Belle de jour (Buñuel) 152

Berg, Alban 33

Bertolucci, Bernardo 34

Bible 97, 267

Bildungsroman 265, 287–88

Bluebeard’s Castle (Bartók) 208, 302

Boccaccio, Giovanni 268, 271, 315

Les Bonnes (Genet) 309

Borges, Jorge Luis 93

bourgeoisie 149–50, 168, 171

Browne, Sir Thomas 309

Buñuel, Luis 152

Bunyan, John 250

Busoni, Ferruccio 26

Cabourg xii-xiv, xix, 326

calumny 147

Calvinism 21–22

Camus, Albert 267, 267n.

caricature: of aristocracy 158; of artistic response 70–73, 105–6; of morality 180

Carpaccio, Vittore 91, 252

Céline 144

Cervantes, Miguel de 324

characterisation 176, 197–98, 263–64

charity 175, 200, 206

Chopin, Frédéric 70–72

‘Le Cimetière marin’ (Valéry) 271

class 127–29, 149–55, 168–72; aristocracy 127–30, 133–34, 157–65, 168–69, 174; bourgeoisie 149–50, 168; and sex 151–53, 155; working class 148–51, 153–54, 157, 169, 174

coincidence 293, 295

‘Combray’ 299; literary references in 94, 96, 98; narrator’s novel in 288; sado-masochism in 24; self-analysis via literature in 110–11; vision in 14

comedy xvii, xviii, 92, 324–25; caricature 70–73, 105–6, 158, 180; of death 280, 310–14; frivolity 112; and morality 178, 179; political 133–36; sarcasm 97, 112, 325; science of behaviour 12; sexual 239, 266

commerce 8, 69–73, 106, 108, 156–57

computational scholarship 2

‘Les Conquérants’ (Heredia) 323

Les Contemplations (Hugo) 201–3, 204

Corneille, Pierre 97, 180

Le Côté de Guermantes 327–28; antisemitism in 130–31, 144–46; aristocracy in 127–28, 158–59; coincidence in 293; death in 273, 277–78, 280, 312; Dreyfus affair in 137, 145, 158–59; literary references in 97–98, 99; ‘Miss Sacripant’ portrait in 60–61; morality in 190; narrator in 6–8, 11; self in 3–4; sexuality in 241–42; syntax and sexuality in 228–9; syntax and time in 41–43

Cousin, Victor 176

cross-reference 299, 301–2

cruelty 308–9, 326

Dante 37, 97, 105, 155, 276

Darwin, Charles 194, 248

David, Jacques-Louis 106

David Copperfield (Dickens) 176

death xviii, 187, 267–319, 326

Decameron (Boccaccio) 268, 271, 315

‘The Definition of Love’ (Marvell) 265

Defoe, Daniel 267

Delacroix, Eugène 106

‘De l’amitié’ (Montaigne) 276

‘Des cannibales’ (Montaigne) 181

desire xvii, xviii, 177, 209–10, 217, 226, 229–31; darkness of 250–52; desirousness 229, 262; as driving force in novel 326–28; and sexual act 255; and verbal texture 263–64

despair 265

Dickens, Charles 176, 250

Dickinson, Emily 57

Disraeli, Benjamin 173

dissection 285–86, 304

Divine Comedy (Dante) 37, 97

Dombey and Son (Dickens) 250, 251

Don Quixote (Cervantes) 324

Dostoevsky, Feodor 91, 93

dramatic irony 58

Dreyfus affair 129–31, 134, 137–40, 141, 147, 158–59, 173

Drumont, Edouard 144

Du Bellay, Joachim 101

Du côté de chez Swann 175; literary self-consciousness in 121–22; reduplication of 254; sentence structure in 227–28; sexuality in 218; time-effects in 36–37; see also ‘Combray’ and ‘Un Amour de Swann’

egalitarianism xiii, 151–52

Eluard, Paul 156

Enlightenment 141

epic 99–101, 105, 123, 324

Epicureanism 305

epistemology 22–23

Erasmus, Desiderius 147

‘Erlkönig’ (Goethe) 237

eroticism 212–15, 263, 264, 326

Eugénie Grandet (Balzac) 236

eyes 13–15

fantasy xv, 1, 38, 129, 131, 146

fashion 74–75

Fielding, Henry 9, 44

Flaubert, Gustave 90, 159

Forster, E.M. 189

France, Anatole 90, 173

La France Juive (Drumont) 144

François le Champi (Sand) 94–96

Freud, Sigmund 44, 90–91, 239

Garros, Roland 89, 323

generalisation 210–12, 217, 230, 305

Genet, Jean 152, 309

Géricault, Théodore 285–86

Getz, Stan 34

Giotto 88–89, 175–76, 206, 333n

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von 237

The Golden Bowl (James) 250, 251

Goncourts, Frères 159, 332n

Grace Abounding (Bunyan) 250, 251

Great War, see World War I

Grévy, Jules 126

grief 273, 277, 280

Hardy, Thomas 91–92, 259

Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 33

Heidegger, Martin 310

Henry IV, Part II (Shakespeare) 167

Heredia, José-Maria de 323

heterosexuality 8, 183, 194

High Windows (Larkin) 280

history 140, 160–65, 270–72

Hofmannsthal, Hugo von 271

Homer 90, 97–105, 107, 123

homophobia 326

homosexuality xiii-xiv; desire in 230–31; and retrospective meaning 8, 54, 197; syntax of 224–26; as vice 146, 183, 185–86, 194, 230–31

Hugo, Victor 105, 201–3, 204–5, 334n

Huxley, Aldous 106–7

identity, see self

L’Ile des pingouins (France) 173

Iliad (Homer) 97, 101, 160

imaginist 1

immortality 316–17

Inferno (Dante) 37, 155

Ingres, Jean-Auguste-Dominique 106

irony 139, 140–41, 147, 170

James, Henry 176, 250

jealousy 6–8, 53, 252, 262, 294–95

Journal of the Plague Year (Defoe) 267

‘Judaism and Music’ (Wagner) 146, 332n

La Juive (Halévy-Scribe) 8, 28

Keats, John 21

Kierkegaard, Søren 181

knowledge 22–23, 115, 120, 140, 218–19, 221

La Bruyère, Jean de 176

language xvi-xvii, 123, 321; of calumny 147; and class 148, 158–60, 164–6; of creativity 109–10; malapropism 320; and morality 177, 193, 199; sculptural imagery 297–301; seductive powers of 222–4; simple 274–7; sociolinguistics 191–6; switch-words 113–14; vicious 194–5

Larkin, Philip 280

La Rochefoucauld, François, duc de 172, 176, 199

Last Exit to Brooklyn (Selby) 309

Lavignac, Albert 73

laws 198–9, 321

Leconte de Lisle, Charles-Marie 100

Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 186–8, 206

leitmotifs 109

liberalism 141

literature 90–105, 116, 123–4; Charlus’s aspirations 166–9; epic style 99–101, 105, 123; literary pilgrimage xi-xii; literary references 236; as mausoleum 299–302; narrator’s novel 116, 118, 285, 287–8, 299, 314–15; pastiche 159; quotations 97–8

‘La Littérature et la Peste’ (Artaud) 267

Lolita (Nabokov) 232, 236

The Lord Chandos Letter (Hofmannsthal) 271

Loti, Pierre 90, 222

Love’s Knowledge (Nussbaum) 200

Lucretius 305, 307

lying 23, 138, 181–83

Macbeth (Shakespeare) 308–9

McCarthy, Mary 68

Macneice, Louis 338n

Madame Chrysanthème (Loti) 222

Mahler, Gustav 107

Mallarmé, Stéphane 209, 330n

‘The Man on the Dump’ (Stevens) 120–21

The Man Without Qualities (Musil) 133–34

Manzoni, Alessandro 268

Marat/Sade (Weiss) 309

Marvell, Andrew 265

melodrama 205, 295

memory xv, 189: and death 272, 273, 287, 288, 291; involuntary 6, 64–65, 218; reminiscence 57

Mimesis (Auerbach) 324

modernity 89, 123, 148–49, 172, 198, 309, 317, 324

Molière 176

Monadology (Leibniz) 187

monarchy 134–36

Montaigne, Michel de 181, 276, 305–8, 333n

morality 21–26, 175–208

mortality 269, 273–74, 280, 285, 288, 305, 307, 309, 318

mourning 273, 277, 290

Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus 185

multiplicity xiv-xvi, 18, 26; of self 5, 11, 18, 20–21, 26, 28–29, 131–32, 325

music 19, 26; and astronomy 28; caricature of response 70–73; imaginary works 76; Judaism and (Wagner) 146, 332n; sexuality of 215–17; time-effects in 34; Vinteuil septet motif 76, 78–86; Whole Truth in 107–8

Music at Night (Huxley) 106

Musil, Robert 133–34

myth 196–98, 290, 293

Nabokov, Vladimir 232, 236

narrative: time in 44, 46, 52–53, 65; simultaneous 45

narrator xvi-xviii; anticipation by 58–59; and art 86, 116–19; as character 308; as cohesive force 11, 296; cruelty of 308; and death 285; delinquent 147; as imaginist 1–2; as moralist 21–22, 176–77, 185, 188, 198, 200, 205, 308;as novelist 116, 118, 285, 287–88, 299, 314–15; plural self of 5, 11, 325; politics of 170; power of 169; and retroaction 55; sexuality of 212, 215, 223–24, 230, 236–38, 263; social commentary of 140–41; and suffering 310; ‘time voice’ of 30

nature 2, 39, 306–8, 315–16

Nicholas II, Tsar 134

Nietzsche, Friedrich 171

nostalgia 148–49

Nussbaum, Martha 200

Odyssey (Homer) 97, 98, 101–2, 104, 123

old age 268, 280–86, 288, 318

‘The Old Fools’ (Larkin) 280

optics 13–15, 19

‘An Ordinary Evening in New Haven’ (Stevens) 109

Ordinary Vices (Shklar) 181

Ovid 232, 241, 262

paedophilia 231–8, 326

pain xviii, 310–11; and death 277–79; and love 257–59, 261, 263; rhythms of 296

painting 88, 102, 106, 116–18; angels in 88–89; ‘Le port de Carquethuit’ 76–78; ‘Miss Sacripant’ portrait 45–52, 58, 60–62, 64, 184

paragraph, time in 52–53

Pater, Walter 68, 82, 227

Peary, Robert Edwin 198, 324

La Peste (Camus) 267

Petrarch 255–56

physiognomy 180

pity 200–1

plague 267–68, 314

Plato 316–17

plenitude xv, 19, 26, 186–88, 206

plot: architectonic 9, 32, 295–96; chronology 295–96; coincidence 293, 295; long-range plotting 243; as moral drama 188–89; reduplication in 253–54; sexual 212, 263; temporality in 31, 62; transversal threads 59

plurality, see multiplicity

politics 126–74; aestheticising of 173; antisemitism 130–31, 139, 141–47; class 127–29, 149–53; as comedy 133–6; and contradiction 157; Dreyfus affair 129–31, 137–40, 147; instability of vision in 148; irony in 139, 140–41; rage against 133; of sexual intimacy 131

Pope, Alexander 99, 175

Praise of Folly (Erasmus) 147

prefiguration 57–58, 78

La Prisonnière: appeasement in 257; aristocracy in 128; art and self-analysis in 112–13; death in 279, 293–94; desire in 229; despair in 265; eroticism in 212–15; jealousy in 53; literary references in 91–3; ‘Miss Sacripant’ motif in 61–2; multiplicity in xiv-xv, 18; musical references in 76, 78–86, 107–8; pain of love in 259; retroaction in 56; sexuality in 212, 243, 248, 263; statuary imagery in 299; vacant self in 20; vice and virtue in 181–82, 189–90

I Promessi Sposi (Manzoni) 268

prostitution 24–45, 152–57, 167, 174, 232, 254

Proust, Adrien 336n

Psychopathia sexualis (Krafft-Ebing) 238

‘Que philosopher, c’est apprendre à mourir’ (Montaigne) 306–7

Racine, Jean 95, 97

recapitulation 52–53, 64

Redon, Odilon 146

remembrance, see memory

The Renaissance (Pater) 68

Renan, Ernest 302

repetition 123, 243

retroaction 5, 53–57, 59, 295

retrospection xvii, 34, 53, 261

Retz, Cardinal de 172

rhythm xiv-xvi, xix, 296–97

Rime sparse (Petrarch) 255

risk 22, 141

Robert, Paul 89

Romanticism 132

Ronsard, Pierre de 101

Rostand, Edmond 90

Rothko, Mark 272

Ryle, Gilbert 21–22

sado-masochism 23–25

Sand, George 94, 96

science 11–13, 16–18, 186, 198–99, 221, 284, 308, 318

sculpture, language of 297–301

self xvi, 1–29, 204, 270; and death 287, 304; enduring 3–5; impermanent 304, 337n; multiple 5, 11, 18, 20–21, 26, 28–29, 131–32, 325; perfecting of 147; society and 132; vacant 10, 19–20

self-analysis 110–12, 127

sentence: characteristic 35; as retroactive play 56–57; sexual nature of 224–29; syntax of 49; time-effects in 32–33, 36–43, 65

Sévigné, Mme de 90, 91, 93

sexuality xviii, 209–66, 326: adolescent 240–41; ambiguous 52, 60–61, 183–85; as appeasement 257, 261; child 231–38; and class relationships 151–52, 155; comedy of 239; demotion of sex act 255; developmental view of 212, 263; generalisation of 210–12, 217, 230; heterosexuality 8, 183, 194; homosexuality xiii, 8–10, 54, 61, 146, 183, 185–86, 194, 197, 224–26, 230–31; and ideology 131; and knowledge 218–19, 221; and language 222–24; misadventures 245–52; and morality 178, 183–86, 188, 194; and pain 257–59, 261, 263; pansexualism 221, 238m 263; periodicity of 262; perversion 230–31, 234–35, 238, 249; and plot 212; as political cause 154; and retroaction 54; sadomasochism 23–25; in sentence structure 224–29; sexual enquiry 44–45; variety in 230, 238; violence in 250–51

Seznec, Jean 197

Shakespeare, William xvii, 88, 276, 308–9

Shklar, Judith 181

‘Short Commentaries on Proust’ (Adorno) 32–33

Sketch of a New Esthetic of Music (Busoni) 26

society 101; as interpersonal exchange 132; irony and social change 139–40; kaleidoscopic view of 138–39, 149; linguistics of 191–92; narrator and 140–41; and politics 127; role of literature in 90–91, 124; social comedy of dying 311–14; social death 313; social virtues 191; syntax of social observation 39–40; see also class

Sodome et Gomorrhe: artist in 119; artistic response in 70–72; class in 149–50, 162, 170–1; death in 273–76, 279, 282, 288, 312; Dreyfus affair in 137–38; literary references in 100; malapropisms in 320; pain in 296; quest for knowledge in 114–15; quixotic behaviour in 325; sexuality in 178, 194, 212, 223, 239–40; time and syntax in 39–40; vacant self in 20

Souvenirs d’enfance et de jeunesse (Renan) 302

The Spider’s Stratagem (Bertolucci) 34

Spitzer, Leo 16

stars, see astral imagery

Stendhal 173

Sterne, Laurence 9, 44

Stevens, Wallace 109, 120–21, 123

Strauss, Richard 185

‘Style’ (Pater) 228

sublimation 255–6

supererogation 22–23, 207

La Survivance des dieux antiques (Seznec) 197

Swift, Jonathan 148

Symposium (Plato) 316–17

synchronicity 64

syntax xvi, 49; of nature description 39; sexual 224–29; of social observation 39–40; time-effects in 32–33, 36–43, 67, 78

A Tale of a Tub (Swift) 148

Talleyrand, Charles-Maurice de 164, 172, 326

Le Temps retrouvé: apotheosis of self in 20; aristocracy in 164–65; astral imagery in 323; class in 152, 154; connection in xv; death in 282, 285, 287–88, 303, 312; Dreyfus affair in 139–40; epic style in 101; integrating of self in 4–5; literary pastiche in 332n; literary references in 94, 102–4; materialism in 76; morality in 178, 189, 199, 207; narrative closure in 296–97; narrator in 316; paedophilia in 235; pain of love in 259; repetition in 123; sadomasochism in 24; sculptural imagery in 300; self-awareness in 147; sex in 212, 326; social subjectivity in 132; time in 30; virtue redefined in 189

Tennyson, Alfred Lord 10

Thousand and One Nights 315

time 30–67; linear 63; in narrative segments 44, 46, 52–53; outer and inner 46–47; in overall plot 62, 189, 296; redeemed 67; embodied 67; and syntax 32–33, 36–43, 78

Tom Jones (Fielding) 9, 44

tragedy xviii

Tristan (Wagner) 107–8

Tristram Shandy (Sterne) 9, 44

Valéry, Paul 271

Van der Weyden, Rogier 88

Vermeer, Jan 91, 116–18

vice 26, 181–83, 185–86, 194–95, 206, 230

violence, sexual 250–51

Virgil 37, 97, 105, 122–23, 333n

virtue 26, 178–81, 183, 190, 194, 196, 205–6 redefined 189, 199

vocabulary, see language

Voyage artistique à Bayreuth (Lavignac) 73–74

voyeurism 23–24

Wagner, Richard 107–8, 109, 146, 332n

ar 126, 131, 156, 160–61, 165, 303

Wilson, Edmund 205, 340

working class 148–51, 153–54, 157, 169, 174

World War I 25, 126, 131, 152, 155–56, 268

writers 90

xenophobia 144

Yeats, William Butler 271

Zola, Emile 100, 103, 104–5, 141

zoophytes 186–87, 206