Notes

PROLOGUE

PART ONE: HEALING WITH ANIMALS

ONE: WHAT IS HOME?

p. 26Research has repeatedly shown that family-violence victims: F. Ascione, “Battered women’s reports of their partners and their children’s cruelty to animals,” Journal of Emotional Abuse 1 (1997): 119–33; C. Marcus, “Victims of Domestic Violence; Women Suffer for Sake of Their Pets,” Sun Herald, March 9, 2008; A. Volant, J. Johnson, E. Gullone, et al., “The relationship between domestic violence and animal abuse,” Journal of Interpersonal Violence 23, no. 9 (2008): 1277–95; G. Goodman, “The relationship between intimate partner violence and other forms of family and social violence,” Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America 24, no. 4 (2006): 889–903; S. Agrell, “Pets Help Abused Women—But May Make Them Vulnerable,” Globe and Mail (Toronto), June 12, 2008; B. Gallagher, M. Allen, and B. Jones, “Animal abuse and intimate partner violence: Researching the link and its significance in Ireland—A veterinary perspective,” Irish Veterinary Journal 61 (2008): 658–67: S. Ross, “Abuse victims who refuse to leave for fear of their pets being harmed,” The Scotsman, October 20, 2008; P. Owen, “Abuse Victims Often Fear for Pets,” Worcester Telegram & Gazette, October 17, 2015, http://dev.telegram.com/article/20151017/NEWS/151019223; A. Gray, A. Fitzgerald, and B. Barrett, “Fear for pets can put abused women at further risk,” The Conversation, June 26, 2017; Ascione, “Battered women’s reports of their partners and their children’s cruelty to animals,” Journal of Emotional Abuse 1 (1997): 119–33; J. Quinlisk, “Animal Abuse and Family Violence,” in Frank Ascione and Phil Arkow (eds.), Child Abuse, Domestic Violence, and Animal Abuse: Linking the Circles of Compassion for Prevention and Intervention (West Lafayette, IN.: Purdue University Press, 1999), 168–75.

TWO: FINDING OUR VOICES

p. 52Studies have since indicated that contact with animals can reduce our risk: G. Levine, K. Allen, L. Braun, et al., “Pet ownership and cardiovascular risk. A scientific statement from the American Heart Association,” Circulation 127 (2013): 2353–63; E. Friedmann, S. Thomas, P. Stein, et al., “Relation between pet ownership and heart rate variability in patients with healed myocardial infarcts,” American Journal of Cardiology 91 (2003): 718–21; E. Friedmann, S. Thomas, “Pet ownership, social support, and one-year survival after acute myocardial infarction in the Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial (CAST),” American Journal of Cardiology 76 (1995): 1213–17; L. Jennings, “Potential benefits of pet ownership in health promotion,” Journal of Holistic Nursing 15 (1997): 358–72; E. Friedmann and H. Son, “The human-companion animal bond: How humans benefit,” Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice 39 (2009): 293–326; A. Beetz, K. Uvnas-Moberg, H. Julius, et al., “Psychosocial and psychophysiological effects of human-animal interactions: The possible role of oxytocin,” Frontiers in Psychology 3, Article 234 (2012).

THREE: HUMANIZING OURSELVES

p. 87They detailed accounts of widespread brutality at the institution: Edward P. Whelan and Richard C. Widman, “Medication Was Denied Diabetic, Says Lima Aide,” Plain Dealer (Cleveland), May 25, 1971; “50 Exclusive Stories Showed Lima Horror,” Plain Dealer (Cleveland), August 7, 1971; Edward P. Whelan and Richard C. Widman, “Aide Forced Homosexual Acts, Lima Patients’ Statements Say,” Plain Dealer (Cleveland), May 20, 1971; Edward P. Whelan and Richard C. Widman, “State Patrol Sifts Files on Deaths at Lima State,” Plain Dealer (Cleveland), May 29, 1971; Edward P. Whelan and Richard C. Widman, “Beatings Led to Lima Patient’s Suicide, Says Fired Attendant,” Plain Dealer (Cleveland), May 21, 1971; Edward P. Whelan and Richard C. Widman, “Lima’s Inmates Exist Amid Fear, Brutality,” Plain Dealer (Cleveland), May 14, 1971; Edward P. Whelan and Richard C. Widman, “Lima Inmate Tells of Two Beatings,” Plain Dealer (Cleveland), May 19, 1971; Edward P. Whelan and Richard C. Widman, “Abuse Killed 2 Patients, Lima Aide Says,” Plain Dealer (Cleveland), May 27, 1971.

PART TWO: BREAKING WITH ANIMALS

FOUR: THE MAKING OF A MURDERER

p. 113Parents tend to significantly underestimate their children’s involvement in cruelty toward animals: D. Offord, M. Boyle, and Y. Racine, “The epidemiology of antisocial behavior in childhood and adolescence,” in K. Rubin and D. Pepler (eds.), The Development and Treatment of Childhood Aggression (Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1991), 31–54; F. Ascione, “The abuse of animals and human interpersonal violence: Making the connection,” in F. Ascione and P. Arkows (eds.), Child Abuse, Domestic Violence, and Animal Abuse: Linking the Circles of Compassion for Prevention and Intervention (West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press, 1999), 50–61; B. Boat, “The relationship between violence to children and violence to animals. An ignored link?” Journal of Interpersonal Violence 10 (1995): 229–35.

FIVE: IT’S JUST AN ANIMAL

p. 152Animal cruelty . . . occurs disproportionately in households with interhuman violence: S. Degue and D. Dilillo, “Is animal cruelty a “red flag” for family violence? Investigating co-occurring violence toward children, partners, and pets,” Journal of Interpersonal Violence 24 (2009): 1035–56; J. Quinlisk, “Animal Abuse and Family Violence,” in F. Ascione and P. Arkow (eds.), Child Abuse, Domestic Violence, and Animal Abuse: Linking the Circles of Compassion for Prevention and Intervention (West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press, 1999), 168–75; M. Volant, J. Johnson, E. Gullone, et al., “The relationship between domestic violence and animal abuse: An Australian study,” Journal of Interpersonal Violence 23, no. 9 (2008): 1277–95; C. Simmons and P. Lehmann, “Exploring the link between pet abuse and controlling behaviors in violent relationships,” Journal of Interpersonal Violence 22 (2007): 1211–22.

SIX: DO WE HURT WITH ANIMALS?

PART THREE: JOINING WITH ANIMALS

SEVEN: STANDING WITH ANIMALS

EIGHT: FRIENDS

p. 260We tell ourselves animals don’t laugh . . . don’t use language: J. Panksepp and J. Burgdorf, “‘Laughing’” Rats and the Evolutionary Antecedents of Human Joy?” Physiology and Behavior 79 (2003): 533–47; L. Asher, M. Friel, K. Griffin, et al., “Mood and personality interact to determine cognitive biases in pigs,” Biology Letters 12 (2016) 20160402; DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0402; Ed Yong, “Scientists Have Found Another Crow That Uses Tools,” The Atlantic, September 14, 2016; N. Clayton, T. Bussey, and A. Dickinson, “Can animals recall the past and plan for the future?” Nature Reviews Neuroscience 4 (2003): 685–91; R. Rugani, L. Fontanari, E. Simoni, et al., “Arithmetic in newborn chicks,” Proceedings of the Royal Society B 276 (2009): 2451–60; Natalie Angier, “Nut? What Nut? The Squirrel Outwits to Survive,” The New York Times, July 5, 2010; D. Langford, S. Crager, Z. Shehzad, et al., “Social modulation of pain as evidence for empathy in mice,” Science 312 (2006): 1967–70; Charles C. Choi, “Chimps Pass on Culture Like Humans Do,” Live Science, June 7, 2007; Shaoni Bhattacharya, “Elephants May Pay Homage to Dead Relatives,” New Scientist, October 26, 2005; “Voles console stressed friends,” Nature 529 (2016): 441; Ferris Jabr, “Can Prairie Dogs Talk?” The New York Times, May 12, 2017.