Index

• Aestheticism, 227
• Aesthetic movement, Gothic as an, 47–51
• Aesthetic pleasure, 42, 80–81
• Aesthetics, 54–57, 72, 102. See also Gothic, historical
  • Freud and, 46, 109
  • religion and, 39
  • and the sublime, 42, 44 (see also Sublimity and the sublime)
• “Age of wonder,” 101, 204
• Age of Wonder: How the Romantic Generation Discovered the Beauty and Terror of Science, The (Holmes), 98–101. See also Holmes, Richard
• Akerlof, George A., 207
• Aldini, Giovanni, 47, 100
• Aldini, Jean, 48f
• Alice in Wonderland (Carroll), 150–152, 156
• Alienation, 23, 24, 29, 143, 263, 266
  • locomotive as symbol of, 85
  • Marcuse on, 125
  • Marx on, 36–37, 52, 56
  • romanticism and, 167, 168, 238
  • social media and, 162
  • technological warfare and, 80–81
  • from our technologies, 277
  • technology and, 161, 261, 284n5
• Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other (Turkle), 162–163, 176, 284n5
• Alternative modernities, 105
• Altruism, 104
• Ampère, André-Marie, 103
• Androids dreaming: from sublime game worlds to the magic of algorithmic art, 172–174
• Angus, Ian H., 72
• Animal spirits, 206, 207
  • in economics, 206–207
• Animal Spirits (Akerlof and Shiller), 207
• Animism, 136, 257, 268
  • Freud and, 110–111, 113
• Antimoderns, 265
• Antiromanticism, 32, 234–235
  • Babbitt’s humanism and, 222, 226 (see also Babbitt, Irving)
  • information society and, 149
  • Marcuse and, 240
  • technology and, 78, 83, 84, 213
• Antiromantic thinking, 212–213
• Apollo 11, 283n7
• Apple Macintosh, 127, 130, 132, 133. See also Jobs, Steve
• Arcadia, 85, 141, 256
• Arcadia, the Platonic-romantic dream of, 212, 216, 223, 228
• “Arcadian sentimentalizing
• Art, 35
  • in the age of mechanical reproduction, 78–81
  • fractal, 173
  • romanticism in 20th-century, 61–64
• Artificial intelligence (AI), 120–121, 177, 195
• Artist(s), 36, 44, 56, 66, 133, 138, 173
  • autonomous, 2, 31, 66
  • everyone is an, 36, 58, 63, 84, 237
  • Gothic, 50–51
  • Nietzsche on, 40
  • Novalis on, 31, 36
  • romantic, 1–2, 26, 27, 36, 40, 42, 61, 63, 66, 84, 138, 173
  • William Morris and, 56, 58, 60, 61
• Arts and crafts movement, 55–57, 138, 146. See also Craftsmanship
• Asceticism, 74
• Ashton, Kevin, 197
• Astronomy, 204–206
• Augmented reality (AR), 199
  • reenchanting the world by merging real and virtual, 199–202
• Augustine of Hippo, St., 25
• Aura, 79–81
• Authenticity
  • art and, 79, 237
  • desire for, 4, 238
  • digital age and, 245, 258
  • Enlightenment and, 147
  • illusion and, 212, 234 (see also Illusion)
  • vs. inauthenticity, 211, 254
  • Internet and, 139, 140, 233
  • machines and, 232–235, 237
  • Marcuse and, 237, 238, 240
  • problems with the concept of, 212, 245
  • romanticism and, 5, 26, 79, 139, 147, 211, 212, 233, 237, 238, 245
  • Romanticism and, 1–2, 235
  • Rousseau and, 1, 12, 22, 24–26, 233, 245
  • technology and, 211, 233, 245
• Authentic self, 126, 139, 211, 245, 266
• Automata, 90–91
  • in the stories of Hoffmann, 109, 110, 116–119, 153, 177
• “Automata” (Hoffmann), 116–118
• Autonomous artist, 2, 31, 66
• Autonomous self, disappearance of an, 186, 189
• Autonomy, 18
• Azuma, Ronald, 199

• Babbitt, Irving, 221, 225
  • boundaries and, 216, 222–224, 226
  • classicism and, 225
  • epistemology, 223–224
  • on ethics, 215–218, 221–224, 226, 287n1
  • on gender issues, 218, 219, 224
  • on genius, 216–217
  • Goethe and, 222, 226
  • humanism, 215, 218–222, 225–226, 257
  • on illusion, 215, 221–223
  • on imagination, 216
  • on individualism, 216
  • on narcissism, 231, 232
  • nature and, 222, 223
  • philosophical positions, 215–216
  • political conservatism, 219
  • pragmatism and, 224–225
  • religion and, 215–217, 221, 223, 225, 287n1
  • reverie and, 24, 220, 223
  • on romanticism, 215–223, 228
  • on Rousseau, 24, 215–226, 228
• Balance, life out of, 91–92
• Banks, Joseph, 100
• Beauty. See Aesthetics
• Being and Time (Heidegger), 77, 78
• Being-with (Mitsein), 243
• Being-with technology, 8, 82
• Benesch, Klaus, 7, 90, 91, 282n3
• Benjamin, Walter, 13, 71, 78–81, 284n8
• Bentham, Jeremy, 169
• Berlin, Isaiah, 21, 22, 26, 226–228
• Beuys, Joseph, 63–64
• Binaries, 17–18, 105, 136, 226, 254–255, 257. See also Dialectic(s); Dualism and dualistic thinking
• Black, John David, 149, 171, 282n8
  • on art, 35
  • and the body, 194
  • dualism, nondualism, and, 194
  • Haraway and, 184–185
  • Marx and, 37
  • on nihilism, 62
  • on postmodernism, 61
  • on Romantic epistemology, 61–63
  • on romanticism, 7, 9, 27, 35, 55, 62–63, 88, 147
  • on surveillance society, 171
• Black holes, 205–206
• Blake, William, 32, 42
• Bohemianism, 65–67
• Bono, 129–130
• Borg (Star Trek), 185–187, 189
• Borgmann, Albert, 260
• Bostrom, Nick, 190–193
• Botting, Fred, 121
• Boundaries, 63, 117, 118, 120, 149, 152–153
  • Babbitt and, 216, 222–224, 226
  • blurring and erosion of, 151–152
  • Kurzweil and, 195, 196
  • Turkle and, 151, 153–154
• Boundary-crossing posthumanisms, 196
• Boundary crossings/transgressions, 118, 120, 152–153, 189, 196–197
• Brain, 193
• Breton, André, 63
• British Romanticism and beyond, 42–61
• Brown, James, 141
• Brun, Jean, 183
• Brynjolfsson, Erik, 251, 257
• Buddhists, 217. See also Zen of Gaming, toward the
• Burke, Edmund, 42–44, 46
• Byron, Lord, 47–48

• Campbell, Colin, 66–68
• Capital (Marx), 36, 52–54
• Capitalism, 52–54, 73–74, 129
• Carr, Nicholas, 197
• Carroll, Lewis, 150. See also Alice in Wonderland
• Carson, Rachel, 91
• Castle. See also Gothic castles
  • romantic, 15, 68, 74
• Catholicism, 39, 44
• Cell phones, 157, 160, 161, 269, 272. See also Smartphones
• Christianity, 30, 39, 44, 142, 164, 273
• Clarke, Arthur C., 198
• Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 42
• Commodity fetishism, 104
• Computer(s). See also under Turkle, Sherry
  • hippie computing, 124–133
  • and liberation, 126, 128, 131, 141
  • as a “romantic machine
  • and wonder, 128, 155–156
• Comte, Auguste, 104–105
• Conrad, Joseph, 100
• Consumerism
  • Campbell on, 66–68
  • counterculture in 1960s/1970s, rock ’n’ roll romanticism, and (anti-)consumerism, 64–66
  • romanticism and, 21, 52–54, 65–68, 84, 213, 220, 237, 239
• Coyne, Richard, Technoromanticism, 7, 9, 138–140, 144, 145–147, 164, 179, 241–244, 246–247
• Craft-centered view of the history of science, 103
• Craftsmanship, 131, 260. See also Arts and crafts movement; Digital cowboys: and the craft of hacking
  • industrial revolution and, 55
  • Morris and, 57, 60
  • romanticism and, 55–56, 261, 276, 277
  • skilled engagement and, 259–261
  • technology and, 260, 261, 276–277
• Heidegger on, 75–76
• Pirsig and, 259–260
• Critical theory, 83, 147, 232, 235–236, 240, 247, 254
• Crowe, Catherine, 110
• Culture
  • gap between technology and, 3
  • romanticism in 20th-century, 61–64
• Cunningham, Andrew, 97–98
• Cybercarnival, 145
• Cybercowboy, 137–138, 201
• Cybernarcissism, 16, 220
• Cyber-Narcissus, 230, 232
• Cybernauts, 140, 141
• Cybernetic loop, 166
• Cybernetic organisms, 175, 180, 186, 187
• Cybernetics, 126, 140, 141
• Cyberpunk, 51, 120, 141, 188, 281n6
• Cyberromanticism, 135, 137, 139, 144, 147, 148, 185, 220, 242
• Cyberspace, 137
• Cyberutopianism, 234
• “Cyborg Manifesto: Science, Technology, and Socialist-Feminism in the Late Twentieth Century, A” (Haraway), 9, 180–184. See also Haraway, Donna
• Cyborg romanticism, 185, 233, 250. See also Romantic cyborgs
• Cyborgs. See also Romantic cyborgs
  • cultural cyborg of the 1990s
  • defined, 180
  • fleshy-material cyborgs of early 21st century, 185–189

• Darkness, 35, 144, 184, 205, 246. See also Cyberpunk; Gothic
  • first explorations of the incomprehensible, 42–54
  • Heidegger on, 77
  • psychoanalysis and, 108, 109, 112
  • romantic, 83
  • Romantics and, 218
• Dark night, 29, 46–47
• Dark side of the Force (Star Wars), 122
• Deception, 230–231. See also Illusion
• De Chardin, Teilhard, 193, 194, 196
• Deleuze, Gilles, 169
• Derrida, Jacques, 52, 61, 244–246
• Dery, Mark, 140–141
• Descartes, René, 192–193
• Dewey, John, 225
• Dialectic(s). See also Binaries; Dualism and dualistic thinking
  • of historical Romanticism, 229–240, 254
  • romantic, 3, 6, 13 (see also Romanticism, historical: dialectic of; Romanticism-Enlightenment dialectic)
  • Romanticism-Enlightenment, 236, 250, 257, 259, 260, 266, 273
• Dick, Philip K., 120, 173
• Digital cowboys. See also Cybercowboy
  • and the craft of hacking, 137–148
• Digital narratives, 138, 147
• Dionysianism, 183
• Disenchantment, 73
  • in modern society, Weber on, 72–75
• Disenchantment myth, beyond the, 264–274
• Doctorow, Cory, 123
• Double, nightmare of the destructive. See Robots
• Dreyfus, Hubert L., 260, 261
• Drugs, 284n3. See also Intoxication
• Dualism and dualistic thinking, 105, 254. See also Binaries; Dialectic(s)
  • Haraway on machine technology and, 136, 170, 171
  • overcoming, 164, 240–250, 254, 258–260
• gaming and, 167, 168
• as goal of 19th-century romantics, 261
  • technoromanticism and, 164, 165

• Economics, animal spirits in, 206–207
• Ecopsychology, 270–271
• Education, Rousseau on, 22–23
• Egoism, romanticism and, 217
• Electronic consciousness, shared, 145
• Ellul, Jacques, 83, 92
• Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 82, 87
• Enchanted objects, 178, 197, 198, 229, 235
  • robots as, 175
• Enchanted Objects (Rose), 197–199
• Enchantment, 28, 72, 135–136, 178. See also Disenchantment; Reenchantment; Virtual worlds
  • nature and, 38
  • robots and, 175–176, 178
• End of the machine, 4, 261–262. See also specific topics
  • new material romanticism and, 15
  • new technologies in 21st century and, 136
  • robots and the, 178–179
  • romantic cyborgs and, 158
  • romantic machine and (almost) the, 156–157
  • skilled engagement, narrative technologies, and, 257–262
• End-of-the-machine thesis, 5–6
• End-of-the-machine vision, 6, 11, 229–240, 258, 262
• Enframing of modern technology, 76, 172, 278
• Engels, Friedrich, 37, 58, 61
• “Engineering” type of philosophy of technology, 3, 82–83
• Engineers, 3, 126, 133, 182
• Enhancement, human. See Human enhancement
• Enlightenment, Age of
  • dialectic between Romanticism and, 236, 250, 257, 259, 260, 266
  • liberation and, 150, 232, 240, 250
  • religion and, 29
  • Rousseau and, 21–22
• Enlightenment rationalism, 1, 15, 34, 98, 147, 164, 168, 181, 224, 225, 274
• Environmentalism, 65, 266
• Environmental philosophy, romantic, 106, 220, 255, 272
• Environmental skill, 176
• Epistemology, 101, 103, 182, 249. See also Dualism and dualistic thinking
  • antiromantic, 149
  • Babbitt’s, 223, 224
  • Comte’s, 104–105
  • nonrepresentational, 62
  • organicist, 104
  • relational, 104, 241
  • romantic, 10, 103, 108, 149, 170–171, 207, 223, 226–229, 241
• Freud’s, 108–111
• Heidegger’s, 75–77, 276, 278
• scientific experimentation and, 203, 206
• skilled engagement and, 258–259, 261
• technology and, 106, 273–274
  • Romantic, 61–63
• Black on, 61–63
• overview of, 62
• postmodernism and, 61
  • romantic-gothic, 79 (see also Romantic-Gothic epistemology)
  • technology and, 150, 206, 231–232
  • toward an alternative, less dualistic, 240–248 (see also Dualism and dualistic thinking: overcoming)
• Escapist aspect of romantic technologies, 229–231
• Ethics, 73–74. See also Environmental philosophy, romantic
  • Babbitt on, 215–218, 221–224, 226, 287n1
• Eureka moment, 99
• Evocative objects, 159, 160
• Existential vulnerability, 160

• False needs, 236–238
• Feminism, 180, 181, 184. See also “Cyborg Manifesto”
• Ferber, Michael, 32
• Fichte, Johann Gottlieb, 31, 36
• Fleshy-material cyborgs of early 21st century, 185–189
• Floridi, Luciano, 161–162, 242, 284n7
• Foucault, Michel, 61, 168–169
• Fractal art, 173
• Fractal Flesh (Stelarc), 188, 189
• Frankenstein, Dr. Victor, 139
  • compared with real-life scientists, 100–101, 153
  • monster of, 51, 145, 175, 178, 185
• Frankenstein (Shelley), 32, 47, 48, 69, 82. See also Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft
• Frankenstein films, 98, 113
• Frankenstein problem, 135, 178
• Frankfurt School, 235, 236
• Freedom. See Liberation
• Freud, Sigmund, 26, 61–63, 85, 153
  • animism and, 110–111, 113
  • romantic epistemology and, 46, 108–111
  • romantic science and, 107–113, 116
  • The Uncanny, 46, 118
  • on the unconscious and uncanny, 46, 107–113
• Friedrich, Caspar David, 42, 172
• Friendship, 29, 166, 176, 285n11
• From the Earth to the Moon (Verne), 115

• Galvani, Luigi, 32, 47
• Gaming, 123, 200–202
  • liberation, identity, and intimacy in early video games, 143–144, 155
  • and the loss of the distinction between real and virtual, 165–168
  • from sublime game worlds to the magic of algorithmic art
  • transforming daily life in early 21st century, 162, 165–168
• Gender, 218, 219, 224. See also Feminism
• Genius, 27, 216–217
• German Romanticism, 1–2, 21, 54–57, 79, 103
  • Novalis and the depths of the spirit, 27–41
• German Romantics, 27, 32, 35, 38, 75, 227
• “Ghost in the machine,” 181, 194
• Ghosts, 109–111, 193–194. See also Darkness: first explorations of the incomprehensible; Science fiction: 20th-century
  • gothic, in contemporary surveillance, 168–172
  • use of the term, 172
• Gibson, William, 120, 121. See also Neuromancer
• Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 35, 97, 222, 226
• Gothic, defined, 281n4
• Gothic, historical, 281n4
  • as an aesthetic movement, 47–51
  • definition and terminology, 281n4
  • social and political dimension, 51–54
• Gothic castles, 45, 50, 77, 78, 170, 278. See also Castle
• Gothic epistemology, 75. See also Romantic-Gothic epistemology
• Gothic horror, 1, 42, 44–46, 49, 51, 52, 77–78, 119, 143
• Gothic monsters, 46–48, 51, 53, 54, 103–104, 153, 180
• Gothic Romanticism, 45. See also Romantic-Gothic epistemology
• Gothic-Romantic themes, 45–54
• Goths and the sublime, 44–46
• Greek culture, 225
• Groom, Nick, 50–51
• Gunkel, David, 137, 148, 185–186, 284n3

• Haraway, Donna, 9, 174
  • cyborg myth, 223
  • on machine technology and dualistic/binary thinking, 136, 170, 171
  • on marriage of technology and romanticism, 183
  • monsters and, 180, 182
  • posthumanism, 196
  • posthumanist romanticism, 179–187
  • postmodernism, poststructuralism, and, 180–184
• Hardy, Lucien, 204
• Hasbach, Patricia H., 270–271
• Haughton, Hugh, 46
• Hedonism, 66–67
• Heidegger, Martin
  • on agency, 247, 248
  • on art, 76–77
  • concealing, revealing, and, 40, 75–76
  • on ending and death, 253
  • enframing, 172
  • existententialism and, 77–78
  • Goths and, 77
  • information and, 284n7
  • language and, 34, 245, 274–276
  • Lewin and, 248, 276, 278
  • on National Socialism, 38
  • on nature, 266
  • poetry and, 276
  • on “present-at-hand
  • romantic epistemology, 75, 78, 276, 278
  • Romantic-Gothic epistemology
  • romanticism and, 13, 38, 61–62, 72, 75, 77, 78, 81, 84, 238, 247, 249, 251, 276, 278
  • on the self, 5, 17, 245
  • on “standing-reserve,” 5, 17, 76, 86, 129, 266
  • technology and, 13, 38, 75–78, 81–84, 86, 92, 101, 162, 247, 251, 278
• enframing of modern technology, 76, 172, 278
  • on “they,” 220, 233, 238
  • thinking and, 274, 278
  • writings
• Being and Time, 77, 78, 253
• “The Question Concerning Technology,” 75–76
• “The Turning,” 77
• Heim, Michael, 141–142, 152, 200, 283n1
• Herder, Johann Gottfried, 35, 36
• Hermeneutics, 243, 246, 262, 265
  • narrative approach and, 246, 262
  • phenomenology and, 75, 243, 247
  • Ricouer’s, 262
  • romantic, 204
  • romanticism as precursor of, 62
  • technology and, 10, 75
• Hermeneutic science, physics and
• Hindle, Maurice, 49
• Hippie computing, 124–133
• Hippies, 64–67, 141
• Hitler, Adolf, 38
• Hobbes, Thomas, 23
• Hoffmann, E. T. A.
  • stories of, 116–117
• “Automata,” 116–118
• automata in the, 109, 110, 116–119, 153, 177
• Freud and, 109, 110, 118
• mesmerism in the, 116
• “The Sandman,” 110, 118
• use of uncanny effects in the, 109
• Hölderlin, Friedrich, 39–40, 75
• Holmes, Richard, 106, 204
  • The Age of Wonder: How the Romantic Generation Discovered the Beauty and Terror of Science, 98–101
  • Tresch and, 102, 105, 106
• Home-based lifestyle, 269
• Horror, 1, 121. See also Monsters; Sublimity and the sublime
  • gothic, 1, 42, 44–46, 49, 51, 52, 77–78, 119, 143
  • Heidegger on, 77–78
  • on the Internet, 151, 157, 172
  • Marx and, 52–53
  • romanticism and, 45, 52, 77–78, 119, 143
  • and the sublime, 42–45 (see also Sublimity and the sublime)
  • technology and, 119
  • of the uncanny, 109, 110
  • of war, 80, 91
• Horror films, 51, 113
• Horst, Heather A., 245
• Hughes, James J., 192, 195, 196
• “Human 2.0
• Human enhancement
  • forms of, 190–191
  • transhumanism and, 190–197
• Humanities, science, and technology, 3, 82–83, 133
• Hyperromanticism, 246. See also specific topics

• “I,” 1, 26, 27, 35–36, 38, 108, 159, 231. See also Individuality; Self
• “i” (romantic self), 159
• I, Cyborg (Warwick), 186–187
• Idealism, 34, 35, 67, 68, 108
• Identity in cyberspace, virtual reality, MUDs, and early video games, 137–157
• “iDevices
• Illich, Ivan, 92
• Illusion
  • authenticity and, 212, 234
  • Babbitt on, 215, 221–223
  • consumerism, pleasure, and, 66–67
  • machines and, 230, 232, 236
  • vs. reality, 212, 222–223, 230, 231, 233, 234, 241, 245, 254
  • robots and, 230
  • romance, intimacy, and, 176–177
  • romanticism and, 147, 212, 215, 232, 236, 238, 245, 254
  • Romanticism and, 66, 67, 222–223
  • technology, 147, 231, 233, 241
• Imagination, 27–28, 30, 34, 167, 216
  • vs. Reason, 238–239
• Individualism, 55, 216
  • contemporary romantic, 27
• Individuality, 26, 189. See also “I”
• Industrial revolution, 42, 55–56, 58, 101
• Informational romanticism, 123–124, 179, 185
• Information and communication technologies (ICTs), 2. See also specific topics
  • romanticism as one of the parents of contemporary, 124–133
• Information technology, 129. See also specific topics
• Infosphere, 161
• Ingold, Tim, 266, 267
• Internet. See also Cyberromanticism
  • authenticity and the, 139, 140, 233
  • dark sides of the, 137, 141, 144
  • experience of, 242
  • future of, 157
  • horror on the, 151, 157, 172
  • the 1990s Internet and its romantic spaces, 137–157
  • as a Platonic transcendence machine, 140
  • religion and the, 143, 250
  • romantic science and the, 189
  • as simulation machine, 152
  • as sublime, 144–145, 149, 157 (see also Sublimity and the sublime)
  • and the Web, 146, 158
  • wonder and the, 139, 151, 242
• Internet of Things (IoT), 197, 229
  • reenchanting the world, creating a new enchanted garden
• Intimacy
  • of computers, 155, 156, 161
  • in cyberspace, virtual reality, MUDs, and early video games, 137–157
  • of machines, 156, 174, 176, 178
  • of phones, 160–161
• Intimate partners, robots as, 175–178
• Intoxication, 167–168, 215
  • Dionysian, 30, 40–41, 189
  • Nietzsche on, 40–41
  • unity through, 167–168, 215
• Irrationalism, romantic, 73
• Isaacson, Walter, 129–133

• Jardine, Nicholas, 97–98
• Jaspers, Karl, 83
• Jentsch, Ernst, 109
• Jobs, Steve
  • Gates, Bill, compared with, 132
  • Isaacson on, 129–133
  • as magician, 130–133
  • personality of, 129–133
• hippie side, 129–130
  • as romantic hero, 132
  • romanticism and, 131, 182
• technological, 129
  • romantic technologies and, 131, 132, 277

• Kahn, Peter H., 270–271
• Kant, Immanuel, 43
  • epistemology, 33
  • metaphysics, 33, 62
  • moral judgment and, 33
  • mysticism, spirituality, and, 33
  • romanticism and, 32, 33, 62
  • and the sublime, 43, 149
  • Swedenborg and, 32–33
• Kelly, Sean D., 260, 261
• Keynes, John Maynard, 206–207
• Knowledge, 62
• Koyaanisqatsi—Life Out of Balance (film), 72, 91–92
• Kropotkin, Peter, 58
• Kurzweil, Ray, 194–196

• Labor. See Marx, Karl
• Lacan, Jacques, 61, 112
• Latour, Bruno, 83, 264–266
• Levy, David N. L., 177
• Lewin, David, 231, 232, 248, 273
  • Heidegger and, 248, 276, 278
• Liberalism. See also New Left
  • romanticism and, 226–229
• Liberation, 138
  • art and, 41, 65
  • computers and, 126, 128, 131, 141
  • counterculture in 1960s and 1970s and, 64, 65
  • in cyberspace, virtual reality, MUDs, and early video games, 137–157
  • Dionysian forms of, 141
  • Enlightenment and, 150, 232, 240, 250
  • imagination and, 30
  • Internet and, 139–142, 150
  • Marx on, 37
  • Platonic, 140–142
  • Romanticism and, 1, 2, 30, 65, 150
  • Rousseau on, 1, 12
  • social media and, 164
  • technoromanticism and, 232
  • through technology, rhetoric of, 142
  • types of, 141–143, 145, 146, 212, 232
• Life out of balance, 91–92
• Lyon, David, 169
• Lyotard, Jean-François, 61, 62

• “Machine-in-the-garden” metaphor, 91, 282n2
• Machines, 2, 3. See also specific topics
• Machine(s), romantic, 4, 101–102, 105, 154, 238, 250, 262
  • and (almost) the end of the machine, 156–157
  • information, Alice in Wonderland, and the new, 148–156
  • moving beyond, 195
  • romancing the machine, 163, 195
  • The Romantic Machine (Tresch), 7, 101–102
  • social media as, 237
• Macintosh. See Apple Macintosh; Jobs, Steve
• Magic, 71, 79, 86, 256
  • cell phones and smartphones as, 160, 162
  • Dionysiac, 41
  • gaming, augmented reality (AR), and, 200–202
  • Internet and, 143–144
  • Jobs, Steve, and, 130–133
  • loss of, 72, 74
  • newness and, 160
  • particle physics and, 203
  • rationalism and, 119
  • robots and, 175, 177
  • romanticism and, 71, 81, 102, 203, 270, 272–274
  • science and, 49, 86, 103, 116, 239, 268, 270, 273
  • science fiction and, 115–119
  • technology and, 198, 199, 267–269, 273
  • world of, 52–54
• Magical idealism, 34
• Magicians, 80, 87, 175, 177
  • Jobs, Steve, as magician, 130–133
• Marcuse, Herbert
  • on art, 237
  • authenticity and, 237, 238, 240
  • Enlightenment and, 236, 240
  • on false needs, 236–238
  • machines and, 236, 239, 247
  • One-Dimensional Man, 125–126, 236
  • reason, imagination, and, 239
  • romanticism and, 236, 238–240
  • technology and, 237–239
• Marx, Karl
  • on alienation, 36–37, 52, 56
  • on commonality fetishism, 104
  • on finding pleasure in work, 58
  • Gothic socialism, Gothic romanticism, and, 51–55
  • on labor and capitalism, 52–54, 56
  • on liberation, 37
  • Morris and, 58, 59, 104
  • romanticism and, 36, 37, 52, 54, 59, 104
  • romantic technologies and, 105
  • socialism of, 51, 52, 54
  • on the sublime, 37, 86
  • vampire metaphor in, 51–54, 129
  • writings
• Capital, 36, 52–54
• The Communist Manifesto, 52
• Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, 37, 52
• The German Ideology, 37
• Marx, Leo
  • alienation and, 36
  • The Machine in the Garden: Technology and the Pastoral Ideal in America, 72, 84–91, 251, 282n2
• Materialism, 184
• Material romanticism, 37, 57
• “Material” turn in the philosophy of technology, 8
• McAfee, Andrew, 251, 257
• McCurdy, Howard E., 115
• McGonigal, Jane, 166–167
• McLuhan, Marshall, 148, 232–233, 251, 277, 284n3
  • on Narcissus myth, 149, 232–233
  • on a shared electronic consciousness, 129, 145
  • on technology and social transformation, 126
  • technoromanticism and, 233
  • on tribal form of social life, 148
  • Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man, 145, 148, 232
  • visions and, 129, 145, 146
• McLuhanesque performances of the 20th century, Stelarc’s, 185–189
• McNally, David, 53–54
• Mechanical monsters, 53
• Mechanical philosophy, 90
• Mechanical reproduction, art in the age of, 78–81
• Mechanical romanticism, 4, 105, 156
  • and other romanticisms for the masses in 20th-century science fiction, 113–124
  • Tresch on, 101–102, 105
  • 19th-century, 88, 101–102, 104, 120, 153, 179, 184, 185, 250
  • 20th-century, 120
• Mechanical romantics, 138–139, 196
  • new, 179
  • 19th-century, 123, 128
• Melville, Herman, 68, 92
  • Moby-Dick, 72, 88–90, 92
• Mermin, N. David, 203
• Miller, Daniel, 245
• Mitcham, Carl, 7, 8, 82–83
• Mixed reality, 200
• Moby-Dick (Melville), 88–89, 92
• Modernism, 153
• Modernities, alternative, 105
• Modernity, 68, 72, 81, 148, 251, 257
  • art and, 79
  • community and, 170
  • disenchantment myth and, 264, 266
  • machines and, 102
  • narratives in, 263
  • Novalis on, 27
  • romanticism and, 74, 78, 107, 273, 274
  • Romantics on, 27
  • technology and, 3, 78, 266–269
  • tradition and, 268, 273
  • wonder and, 12, 27
• Moderns vs. antimoderns, 265
• Monsterology, 53
• Monsters, 106, 112, 114, 116, 123, 205, 206. See also Frankenstein, Dr. Victor: monster of
  • functions, 182
  • gothic, 46–48, 51, 53, 54, 103–104, 153, 180
  • Haraway and, 180, 182
  • humanism, posthumanism, and, 196
  • Marx and, 53, 54
  • robots and, 174, 175, 178
  • in video games, 144
• Monsters of the Market (McNally), 53
• Mori, Masahiro, 112
• Morley, David, 7, 9, 142, 160, 268–270
• Morozov, Evgeny, 234, 250
• Morris, William
  • on art and artists, 56–58, 60, 61
  • capitalism, socialism, and, 54, 59
  • Goths and, 54
  • on machines, 57, 59–60
  • Marx and, 58, 59, 104
  • material romanticism, 57
  • News from Nowhere, 58–59
  • romanticism and, 54, 57, 60–61
  • Romantic-socialist utopia, 54, 56–61
  • on women and relationships, 219
• MUDs (multiuser dungeons), 144, 151
• Murphy, B., 194
• Murray, Janet, 166
• Mysteries, 28
• Myths, 29. See also specific myths

• Narcissism, 90, 211, 214, 231–232, 244. See also Cybernarcissism
• Narcissus, 214f, 233, 244
  • at the pool, 220 (see also Narcissus myth)
• Narcissus myth, 220, 232, 244. See also Reverie: Narcissus’s
• Narcosis, 232
• Narrative technologies, 262–264
• National Socialism, 38
• Natural self, 245. See also Authentic self
• Nature, 87–89, 99–100. See also specific topics
  • Babbitt and, 222, 223
  • Novalis and, 27–28, 38
  • Romanticism and, 38
  • Rousseau and, 1, 21–27, 35, 38, 216, 219, 223, 230
• Nazism and romanticism, 38, 226
• Neocleous, Mark, 52
• Neoromantics, 65, 275
• Neuromancer (Gibson), 120–122, 140
  • and the darker side of this Platonism, 142
  • dystopia, 122–123, 137
  • Fractal Flesh compared with, 188
  • gothic cyberpunk of, 137, 188
  • gothic elements, 51, 144
  • Heim on, 141–142
  • information and, 141–142
  • plot, 120
  • as a romantic novel, 138
  • technology, romanticism, and, 120–121
• New Left, 64, 65, 125
• Nicol, Bran, 120
• Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 31
  • The Birth of Tragedy, 40–41
  • on the Dionysian, 38, 40–41
  • on the Enlightenment, 40, 61
  • Human, All Too Human, 40
  • nature and, 40
  • romanticism and, 40
  • Romantics and, 40, 191, 217, 281n1
  • transhumanism and, 191
• Nihilism, 40, 62, 231
• Nonduality. See Dualism and dualistic thinking
• Nonmachines, 6, 18, 255, 258, 275, 276, 278–279
• Novalis, 79, 223
  • art and, 31, 36, 97–98, 152
  • German Romanticism, depths of the spirit, and, 27–41
  • idealism and, 33–34
  • on language, imagination, and metaphor, 34
  • nature and, 27–28, 38
  • philosophy, 33–34
  • religion and, 27, 31, 39, 42
  • on the self, 28, 31

• Oberth, Hermann, 115
• Object-subject binary, 267. See also Subject-object dichotomy
• Object-subject border, 265
• Ong, Walter J., 7, 147
• “Onlife,” concept of, 161, 162
• “Onlife” experience, 161, 242
• Ontological security, 269, 270

• Paganism, 143, 256, 268
  • Novalis and, 30
  • Romanticism and, 39, 50
  • technoromanticism and, 164
• Pastoralism, romantic, vs. modern technology
  • life out of balance, 91–92
  • pastoralism and technology: in search of balance, 84–88
  • romantic ambiguity about modern technology, 92
  • from the romantic garden to the gothic churchyard, 89–91
• Phenomenological approach
• Philosophy. See also specific topics
  • romanticism in 20th-century
• Phone-borgs, contemporary, 185–189
• Phones. See also Cell phones; Smartphones
  • romantic, 272
• Physics
  • modern, 203–206
  • particle, 202–205
  • technologies of, and the question of whether the moon is there if we do not look at it, 202–206
• Pirsig, Robert M., 260
  • Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance, 167–168, 254, 259, 277
• Plato, 192–193, 228, 284n3
• Pleasure, aesthetic. See Aesthetic pleasure
• Policante, Amedeo, 52, 53
• Political romanticisms, 37–38, 183, 212, 218, 221, 228, 240
• Popper, Karl Raimund, evaluation of romanticism, 226–229
• Positivism, 104
• Posthumanism, 163, 180, 186, 187, 190–192, 196, 222, 224. See also under Haraway, Donna
• Postmachines, 6, 178, 258
• Postmodernism, 149, 186, 241, 245, 246, 251, 254, 258, 263. See also Cyborgs; Poststructuralism
  • binaries and, 136
  • Haraway and, 180–184
  • Internet and, 150, 151
  • reason and, 61
  • romanticism, technology, and, 7, 153
  • vs. Romanticism, 62
  • truth and, 62
  • Turkle and, 150, 151, 153
• Postmodernist romantics, 149, 153, 193
• Postobjects, 199
• Poststructuralism, 61, 62, 184. See also Postmodernism
• Pragmatism, 224–225, 241, 243
• Printing press and printing culture, 147–148
• Privatization, “mobile
• Progress and Romanticism, 34–35
• Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, The (Weber), 73–74
• Protestantism, 28, 39, 42, 44, 51
  • Weber and, 67, 72–73
• Psychoanalysis, 108. See also Freud, Sigmund
  • darkness and, 108, 109, 112
  • Romanticism and, 283n6
• Puritanism, 67, 68, 73
• Puritans, 68, 72–74

• Quantum physics, 203–204
• Questioning of technology, 82

• Rationalism, 119, 227
  • Enlightenment, 1, 15, 34, 98, 147, 164, 168, 181, 224, 225, 274
  • romanticism and, 16 (see also Rationalism-romanticism dichotomy)
  • Romanticism and, 31, 34
• Rationalism-romanticism dichotomy, 6, 103, 105, 168, 282n8
• Rationality, 35, 65, 67, 82, 83, 125–127, 178
• Rationality-emotion dichotomy, 228
• Rationalization, 73, 74
• Reason, 27, 61
  • vs. imagination, 238–239
• Reenchanting the world
  • Internet of things, creating a new enchanted garden, and, 197–199
  • by merging real and virtual, 199–202
• Reenchantment. See also Physics
  • art and, 35
  • gaming and, 165, 167
  • Internet and, 143
  • machines and, 124, 163, 235
  • Novalis and, 30, 31
  • purposes and functions of, 30–31
  • Romanticism and, 1, 27, 30–31, 38–40, 42, 47, 164–165, 235, 264
  • romantic project of, 261, 270, 272, 277
  • technology and, 122, 130, 144, 152, 157, 229
  • technoromanticism and, 179, 235
• Reggio, Godfrey, 92
• Reijers, Wessel, 262
• Relational artifacts, 176
• Relational epistemology, 63, 104, 241
• Relationality, 196
• Relativity, Einstein’s theory of, 203
• Religion, 39, 44, 136, 215. See also Christianity; Paganism; Romantic-religious thinking
  • art, aesthetics, and, 35, 79
  • atheism and, 268
  • Babbitt and, 215–217, 221, 223, 225, 287n1
  • Bostrom on, 192
  • Comte and, 104
  • counterculture in 1960s and 1970s and, 64, 65
  • culture and, 267–268, 273
  • and disenchantment, 73
  • Eastern, 64, 126, 130, 131
  • Enlightenment and, 1, 27, 29, 32, 40, 124, 164, 192, 273, 274
  • “genuine,” 215, 217
  • Internet and, 143, 250
  • Kurzweil and, 195, 196
  • Lewin and, 248
  • love and, 28
  • machines and, 78
  • Morris and, 58, 59
  • nature and, 24–25, 27, 39, 135
  • Nietzsche and, 40
  • Novalis and, 27, 31, 39, 42
  • original meanings of the term, 39
  • phones and, 160
  • reuniting philosophy, science, and
  • romanticism and, 71, 73, 74, 85, 104, 140, 191, 194–196, 199, 215, 225, 248, 256, 268, 274, 287n1
  • Romanticism and, 1, 2, 39, 50, 64
  • Romantics and, 29, 31, 32, 39, 40
  • Rousseau and, 23–25, 39, 215–217
  • science and, 72–74, 101, 126, 191
  • in science fiction, 122
  • secularization and, 27, 28, 42, 44, 50, 73, 74, 124, 192, 273, 277
  • and the sublime, 44
  • technology and, 71, 73, 74, 78, 85, 122, 126, 140, 164, 273, 277
  • transcendence and, 136, 140, 142, 192, 194, 199
  • transhumanism and, 136, 191–192, 196, 268, 273
  • Weber and, 72–73, 78, 268
• Religion of Humanity, 104
• Reunification, Romanticism and
• Reverie, 222, 244, 259
  • Babbit and, 24, 220, 223
  • Narcissus’s, 215–226, 244
  • nature and, 230
• Reveries of the Solitary Walker, The (Rousseau), 24, 25
• Ricoeur, Paul, 263
• Ritter, Johann Wilhelm, 30
• Robinson Crusoe (Defoe), 23
• Robots
  • and the end of the machine
  • as evocative and enchanting more-than-machines, 175–176
  • as intimate partners, 176–178
  • uncanny machines and the romantic dream of the artificial partner, 174–179
• Rock ’n’ roll romanticism and counterculture of 1960s and 1970s, 64–65
• Romantic cybercowboy, 138. See also Cybercowboy
• Romantic cyborg dream, 184
• Romantic cyborg fantasies, 230
• Romantic cyborg project of merging humans and machines, 266
• Romantic cyborgs, 186. See also Cyborg romanticism; Cyborgs
  • humans as, 18, 158, 185, 279
  • nature of, 253
  • the romantic dream of merging culture and matter, humans, and machines, 179–189
• Romantic Cyborgs: Authorship and Technology in the American Renaissance (Benesch), 7
• “Romantic,” definitions and meanings of the term, 2, 215
• Romantic dialectic, 3, 6, 13. See also Romanticism, historical: dialectic of; Romanticism-Enlightenment dialectic
• Romantic-Gothic epistemology. See also Moby-Dick
  • Heidegger’s, 75–78
  • psychoanalysis and, 111
• Romanticism, 7, 10–11. See also Romanticism, historical; Technoromanticism; specific topics
  • Berlin’s vs. Popper’s evaluation of, 226–229
  • in contemporary times
• counterculture in the 1960s and 1970s, 64–65
• 20th-century philosophy, art, and culture, 61–64
• we are still romantics, 65–69
  • criticisms of
• overview of the, 211–212
• traditional, 214–229
  • definitions, 62, 215, 281n1
  • dialectic of, 3 (see also Romantic dialectic; Romanticism-Enlightenment dialectic)
  • mechanical and other romanticisms for the masses, 113–124
  • nature of, 62, 215
  • technological, 129, 131, 133
  • technology and, 71, 97, 106
  • uploaded (see Transhumanism: human enhancement and)
  • uses of the term, 81–82
• Romanticism, historical. See also German Romanticism; Romanticism; specific topics
  • birth of in France, 21–27
  • British Romanticism and beyond, 42–61
  • dialectic of, 229–240, 254 (see also Romantic dialectic; Romanticism-Enlightenment dialectic)
• Romanticism-Enlightenment dialectic, 236, 250, 257, 259, 260, 266
• Romantic Machine, The (Tresch), 7, 101–102
• Romantic machines. See Machine(s), romantic
• Romantic mirrors and identity machines, beyond, 157–158
  • gaming as a (real) practice, 165–168
  • “phones” and social media, 158–165
  • from sublime game worlds to the magic of algorithmic art, 172–174
• Romantic-religious thinking, signs of, 191–192
• Romantic system, 238. See also Machine(s), romantic
• Romantic technologies, 84, 103, 220, 244, 277
  • authenticity and, 233
  • concept of, 262
  • escapist aspect, 229–231
  • impact, 275
  • nature of, 256
  • problems with, 233–235, 254
  • romanticism and, 84, 105, 239, 254
  • social media and, 170
  • social relations and, 104
• Romantic Uneasiness, 7, 82
• Rose, David, 197–199
• Rousseau, Jean-Jacques
  • on art, 26–27
  • authenticity and, 1, 12, 22, 24–26, 233, 245
  • Babbitt and, 24
  • Babbitt’s criticism of, 215–226
  • becoming the people of “society” despised by, 5, 17
  • Berlin, Isaiah, and, 22, 26
  • on education, 22–23
  • Enlightenment and, 21–22
  • German Romantics, German Romanticism, and, 21, 27, 35, 38
  • on liberation, 1, 12
  • naturalism and, 216
  • nature and, 1, 21–27, 35, 38, 216, 219, 223, 230
  • Platonism, 228
  • religion and, 23–25, 39, 215–217
  • reverie and, 24, 25, 215–226, 230
  • romanticism and, 82, 212, 215–217, 221–223, 225, 228, 230, 245
• birth of romanticism in France, 21–27
  • science, technology and, 23–24, 228, 230
  • and the self, 25–27, 38, 217, 220, 245
  • Stoicism, 22, 219
  • writings
• Confessions, 25–26
• Discourse on the Arts and Sciences/The First Discourse, 22, 23, 82
• Emile, 22–23, 25–27
• La Nouvelle Héloïse, 25
• The Reveries of the Solitary Walker, 24, 25
• Rousseauism, “vulgar,” 65, 66
• Ruskin, John, 21, 54, 56
  • The Stones of Venice, 45–46

• Safranski, Rüdiger, 27, 28, 35, 38, 39, 41, 65–66
• Sandberg, Nick, 193
• “Sandman, The” (Hoffmann), 110, 118
• Schelling, Friedrich W. J., 32, 75, 100, 103, 227
  • Berlin, Isaiah, on, 226
  • on self-consciousness, 108
  • on the uncanny, 109, 111
  • on the unconscious, 108
• Schiller, Friedrich, 72, 223
• Schlegel, Friedrich, 34
• Schleiermacher, Friedrich, 38
• Science
  • magic and, 49, 86, 103, 116, 239, 268, 270, 273
  • romantic, 88, 103, 116, 153 (see also Science fiction)
• astronomy as a, 205
• Freud and early-20th-century, 107–113, 116
• Internet and, 189
• Marcuse and, 239
• modern physics as a, 204
• 21st-century, 185, 187
  • Romantic, 47, 97, 98, 110–112, 116 (see also Verne, Jules)
  • Romanticism and, 31–32
  • and technology and wonder in early 19th century, 98–107
• “Science as a Vocation” (Weber), 72–73
• Science fiction, 137, 153. See also Cyberpunk
  • 20th-century, 113–124
• Scientific romance, 114
• Scientists
  • Frankenstein compared with real-life, 100–101, 153
  • romantic, 154
  • Romantic, 101
• Secrets, 182
• Self, 5. See also “I”; Identity in cyberspace; Individuality
  • authentic, 126, 139, 211, 245, 266 (see also Authenticity)
  • illusory, 245 (see also Illusion)
  • Rousseau and the, 25–27, 38, 217, 220, 245
  • transcending the, 31
• Self-alienation, 80–81
  • romanticism and, 80–81, 163
  • technology and, 163, 284n8
• Self-expression, 1, 4, 15, 36, 137, 159, 164, 248
• Self-knowledge, 244–245
• Self-mastery, 221
• Self-object, 176
• Self-transformation, 127, 191–192
• Shakespeare, William, 215
  • The Tempest, 86
• Shapiro, Andrew L., 242
• Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft, 32, 47, 51, 97, 100, 153, 154. See also Frankenstein
  • Gothic and, 49, 101
  • Romanticism and, 101
  • science and, 47–49, 101
  • technology and, 13, 14, 47–48, 251
• Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 32, 47, 48, 194
• Shiller, Robert J., 207
• Silver, Carol, 59
• Simulation, culture of, 151
• Simulation machine, Internet as a, 152
• Skilled engagement, 257–262, 267, 277
  • of gaming, 168
  • notion of, 255, 261
  • Zen of, 168
• Smartphones, 136, 160, 178, 187, 189, 198–201, 231, 270, 272
  • as “evocative objects
  • social evolution of, 159–162
  • transforming daily life in early 21st century, 157–162
• Socialism, 58–61
  • Gothic, 51–54
  • Romantic-socialist utopia, 54–61
• Social media, 170, 211, 231–233, 237, 270
  • defined, 158
  • gothic, romanticism, and, 169–170
  • and surveillance, 169, 170
  • transforming daily life in early 21st century, 157–162, 164
• Social transformation, romanticism’s ambiguous attitudes toward, 107
• Solutionism, 278
• Space travel, 115, 116
• Standing reserve, 76, 86, 129, 266
• Star Trek, 121, 122, 185, 186, 200. See also Borg
• Stelarc, 185, 188–189
• Stoker, Bram, 49–50
• Stones of Venice, The (Ruskin), 45–46
• Streeter, Thomas, 7, 9, 16, 127, 129, 132–134, 137–139, 145, 146
• Subject-object dichotomy, 38, 79, 161, 241, 243, 265, 267
• Subject-object relationship, 104
• Sublime landscape, 92
• Sublime Landscapes (museum exhibit), 172
• Sublime machine, 86, 88
• “Sublime science of simple souls” (Rousseau), 24
• Sublime technology, 15, 92, 100, 102. See also under Sublimity and the sublime
• Sublimity and the sublime, 1, 46, 100, 149. See also Horror
  • Burke’s sublime, 42–46
  • in dreams, 45–46
  • Goths and, 44–46
  • on the Internet, 172
  • Internet as sublime, 144–145, 149, 157
  • Marx on, 37, 86
  • nature as sublime, 89
  • nature of, 42–44
  • Romantic Age and Romantics’ interest in, 41, 42
  • romantic interest in, 80
  • terror, horror, and, 42–46
  • virtual reality as offering the romantic experience of, 173, 202
• Surveillance
  • romantic utopia and gothic ghosts in contemporary, 168–172
  • social media and, 169, 170
• Swedenborg, Emanuel, 32–33
• Szerszynski, Bronislaw, 266

• Taylor, Charles
  • on nature, 24, 35, 36, 39, 40
  • on Romanticism, 27, 28
  • Rousseau and, 22, 24
  • Sources of the Self, 22, 27, 28, 35–36
• Taylor, Jo, 172
• Technological Dionysianism, 183
• Technological romanticism, 129, 131, 133. See also specific topics
• Technology. See also specific topics
  • as autonomous force, 260
  • essence of, 75–76
  • contemporary philosophy of, 2–3, 7–9, 71–73, 251, 252, 256, 260, 273, 275
• as antiromantic and (therefore) romantic, 81–84
  • Weber, Heidegger, and Benjamin on modern, 72–84
• Technoromanticism
  • criticisms of, 240–248
• and of the end-of-the-machine vision, 229–240
  • redemption, 248–252
• Technoromanticism (Coyne), 7. See also Coyne, Richard
• Tempest, The (Shakespeare), 86
• Terror, 77–78, 89, 114–116
  • and the sublime, 42–46
• Test objects, 153, 156
• Things, Internet of. See Internet of Things
• Thinking through Technology: The Path between Engineering and Philosophy (Mitcham), 7, 8, 82
• Thinking through technology(ies), 262, 267–268
• Thoreau, Henry David, 68, 85, 87–88
  • idealism, 88
  • nature and, 230
  • Walden, 85
• Thorpe, Lucas, 32–33
• Tillich, Paul, 192, 273
• Totems, 269–271
• Transcendence, 57, 136, 140, 165, 179, 192, 194
  • longing for, 28, 64, 140, 142, 143, 146, 147, 165, 179, 192, 195, 196, 273
• Transcendence machine, Internet as a Platonic, 140
• Transcendentalism, 31, 33–34
• Transhumanism, 136, 156, 165, 273
  • human enhancement and, 190–197
  • religion and, 136, 191, 192, 196, 268, 273
• “Transhumanist Journey to Becoming Gods, Angels, and Ghosts, A” (Murphy), 194
• Transhumanist quest for immortality, 268
• Transition(s), 150–153, 194–195
• Tresch, John, 13
  • on alternative modernities, 105
  • on binary oppositions, 105
  • Gothic interest in monsters and, 103–104
  • Holmes and, 102, 105, 106
  • on machines, 102–104
  • mechanical romanticism and, 101, 102
  • romanticism and, 105–107
  • Romanticism and, 106
  • The Romantic Machine: Utopian Science and Technology after Napoleon, 7, 101
  • on romantic machines, 101–103
  • technology and, 104–106
• Tribal character, 148, 256
• Tribal form of social life, 228
• Turkle, Sherry, 150–151
  • Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other, 162–163, 176, 284n5
  • on artificial pets, 176–177
  • boundaries and, 151, 153–154
  • on cell phones/smartphones, 160, 161, 178
  • on computers and computing technology, 81, 150–156
  • on culture of simulation, 151
  • humanism and, 149
  • Internet and, 150, 151
  • machines as relational artifacts
  • on “romancing the machine
  • on romanticism and technology, 150, 153–154
  • The Second Self: Computers and the Human Spirit, 155, 167, 176
  • on test objects, 153
  • on video games, 167
• Turner, Fred, 124–126, 128–129
• Turner, Joseph Mallord William, 42
• Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Sea (Verne), 114–115, 119

• Uncanny, the
  • Freud on the, 46, 108–113, 118, 175
  • meanings and terminology, 109
  • nature of, 46
• Uncanny, The (Freud), 46, 118
• Uncanny machines and the romantic dream of the artificial partner, 174–179
• Unconscious, Freud on the, 46
• Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man (McLuhan), 145, 148
• Uneasiness. See Romantic Uneasiness
• Utopia, 145, 146, 223, 228, 229, 234. See also specific topics
  • vs. dystopia, 5, 122–123
  • romantic, 168–172
  • Romantic-socialist, 54–61
• Utopianism, Internet, 250

• Vampire metaphor in Karl Marx, 51–54, 129
• Vampires, Gothic, 45, 49, 51–54
• Verne, Jules, 114–116, 119, 283n7
• Virtual environment (VE), 194, 199
• Virtual reality (VR), 199. See also Virtual worlds
  • drugs and, 284n3
• Virtual worlds, fluid identities, and emotional lives, 148–156
• Vita-More, Natasha, 192–194
• Volta, Alessandro, 32
• Von Braun, Wernher, 115
• Von Humboldt, Alexander, 103
• Vulnerability, social and existential

• Wagner, Richard, 40, 51
• Walden (Thoreau), 85, 87–88
• Walpole, Horace, 45
• Wånggren, Lena, 54
• Warwick, Kevin, 186–187
• Web 2.0, 158, 231, 277
• Web 3.0, 277
• Weber, Carl Maria von, 51
• Weber, Max, 3, 13, 71, 83
  • The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, 73–74
  • “Science as a Vocation
• Wertheim, Margaret, 142–143
• Whole brain emulation, 193
• Wikipedia, 10–11, 159
• Willis, Martin, 116, 117
• Wilmer, Clive, 57
• Wonder, 151
  • age of, 98–99, 101, 204
  • computers and, 128, 155–156
  • gothic, 44, 45, 118, 119
  • Internet and, 139, 151, 242
  • modernity and, 12, 27
  • Novalis and, 27, 29
  • romanticism and, 15, 59, 98–101, 106, 114, 116, 118, 119, 156, 242
  • Rousseau and, 217
  • science, technology, and wonder in early 19th century, 98–107
  • in science fiction, 114–119
• Wordsworth, William, 42
• World of Warcraft, 123, 172
• World Wide Web, 144, 157. See also Internet; Web 2.0
  • Internet and, 146, 158
• Wright, Joseph, 99, 99f

• Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance (Pirsig), 167, 168, 259. See also Pirsig, Robert
• Zen of Gaming, toward the, 165–168
• Zombies, 53, 123, 144, 175, 198