1 Jagdish Bhagwati and Arvind Panagariya, letter published in The Economist, July 12, 2013, http://econ.st/1br4eXe.
2 As quoted in the Financial Times, April 17, 2014, “Lunch with FT: Jagdish Bhagwati,” https://www.ft.com/content/f3a22bc8-c3db-11e3-a8e0–00144feabdc0; for the original article, see “Why Amartya Sen Is Wrong: Jagdish Bhagwati,” Mint, July 23, 2013, http://www.livemint.com/Opinion/9Qzg05zypjEUbioqK9N1UM/Why-Amartya-Sen-is-wrong.html.
3 Amartya Sen, letter published in The Economist, July 20, 2013, http://www.economist.com/news/letters/21581963-amartya-sen-defence-spending-britain-egypt-immigration-france-gdp-sailing.
1 Dina Nath Batra, Tejomay Bharat (Gujarat State School Textbook Board, 2014), pp. 60, 64, 92–93; as reported in the Indian Express newspaper, July 27, 2014, http://indianexpress.com/article/india/gujarat/science-lesson-from-gujarat-stem-cells-in-mahabharata-cars-in-veda/.
2 Rajat Gupta et al., “From Poverty to Empowerment: India’s Imperative for Jobs, Growth, and Effective Basic Services,” February 2014, p. 2, www.mckinsey.com/global-themes/asia-pacific/indias-path-from-poverty-to-empowerment.
3 Study by the Planning Commission, 2009, available online at http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Rajiv-was-right-Montek-says-only-16p-of-Re-reaches-poor/articleshow/5121893.cms.
1 Interview with the author, as published in The Economist, August 21, 2015, http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21661825-legislators-are-unacknowledged-poets-world-honeybees-and-souls.
2 A Journey—Poems by Narendra Modi, translated from Gujarati by Ravi Mantha (Rupa Publications, 2014).
3 Speech by Rahul Gandhi, as reported by the Press Trust of India, January 20, 2013.
4 Quotes in the rest of this chapter are from interviews with the author between November 2011 and 2014.
1 Amarjit Singh Dulat, with Aditya Sinha, Kashmir: The Vajpayee Years (Harper Collins, 2015).
1 “India (Government Policy),” House of Commons Debate, Vol. 434, March 6, 1947, available online at http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1947/mar/06/india-government-policy.
2 Interview with the author, 2012.
3 Milan Vaishnav and Reedy Swanson, “Does Good Economics Make for Good Politics? Evidence from Indian States,” India Review 14, no. 3 (September 2015): 279–311.
4 Quotes from Vaishnav interviews with the author, 2015.
5 As recorded by the author, at the event, November 23, 2013.
6 Interview with the author, 2014.
1 Veena Venugopal, The Mother-in-Law: The Other Woman in Your Marriage (Penguin, 2014).
2 Speech given in Haryana state, January 22, 2015, as reported by Reuters, http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-india-girls-idUKKBN0KV0ZW20150122.
3 Jonathan Woertzel et al., How Advancing Women’s Equality Can Add $12 Trillion to Global Growth (McKinsey Global Institute, September 2015), p.35.
1 World Health Organization, Ambient (Outdoor) Air Pollution in Cities Database, with data from almost 1,600 cities in 91 countries, available online at http://www.who.int/phe/health_topics/outdoorair/databases/cities-2014/en/.
2 “Study on Ambient Air Quality, Respiratory Symptoms and Lung Function of Children in Delhi,” Central Pollution Control Board, Ministry of Environment & Forests, October 2012, http://www.cpcb.nic.in/upload/NewItems/NewItem_191_StudyAirQuality.pdf.
3 Michael Greenstone and Anant Sudarshan et al., “Lower Pollution, Longer Lives: Life Expectancy Gains If India Reduced Particulate Matter Pollution,” Economic and Political Weekly 50, no. 8 (February 2015), http://www.epw.in/journal/2015/8/special-articles/lower-pollution-longer-lives.html.
1 Tanvi Madan, “Trump, India, and the Known Unknowns,” Brookings, November 2, 2016, https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2016/11/02/trump-india-and-the-known-unknowns/.
2 Interview with the author, 2011.
3 Interview with the author, 2014.
1 Masood Kahn, as quoted in The Economist, “Sweet as Can Be?,” May 11, 2011, http://www.economist.com/node/18682839.
2 Participant speaking at conference titled “China and India: Towards Cooperation Between the Giants of Asia,” hosted by The Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, Singapore, April 2012.
1 Richard Verma, speaking at East-West Center, Hawaii, in September 2015; text as e-mailed to the author by the ambassador’s office. The transcript, published by Huffington Post, is available online at http://www.huffingtonpost.com/eastwest-center/ambassador-rich-verma-on_b_8161782.html.
2 Interview with the author, 2015; Sanjoy Chakravorty, Devesh Kapur, and Nirvikar Singh, The Other One Percent: Indians in America (Oxford University Press, 2016).
3 Chakravorty, Kapur, and Singh, The Other One Percent: Indians in America, p.84.
1 “The Man Who Thought Gandhi a Sissy,” The Economist, December 19, 2014, http://www.economist.com/news/christmas-specials/21636599-controversial-mentor-hindu-right-man-who-thought-gandhi-sissy?spc=scode&spv=xm&ah=9d7f7ab945510a56fa6d37c30b6f1709; original quotations taken from Savarkar’s writings, as published on http://www.savarkar.org/en/veer-savarkar.
2 Dhananjay Keer, Veer Savarkar (Popular Prakashan, 1988).
3 “The Man Who Thought Gandhi a Sissy.”
4 Ibid.
5 Ibid.
6 Ashis Nandy, “Obituary of a Culture,” Seminar, May 2002, http://www.india-seminar.com/2002/513/513%20ashis%20nandy.htm.
1 Much has been published on the events in Gujarat in 2002. Ramachandra Guha, in India After Gandhi: The History of the World’s Largest Democracy (Macmillan, 2007), describes the “collusion” of the Gujarat administration in the violence, suggesting that “graceless” statements issued by the chief minister, Modi, had “in effect justified the killings.” More recent volumes include the much-debated Gujarat Files: Anatomy of a Cover Up (self-published, 2016), by an investigative journalist, Rana Ayyub, and The Fiction of Fact-Finding: Modi and Godhra, by Manoj Mitta (Harper India, 2014). Tehelka magazine conducted impressive investigative research, notably its edition of November 7, 2007, “The Truth: Gujarat 2002,” which included secretly recorded footage of participants in the riots later boasting of their actions. (The videos are available online, at www.tehelka.com.) International organizations, such as Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International, have also published several reports on the events in 2002. On February 4, 2012, Human Rights Watch issued a statement, complaining that “authorities in India’s Gujarat state are subverting justice, protecting perpetrators, and intimidating those promoting accountability 10 years after the anti-Muslim riots that killed nearly 2,000 people” (https://www.hrw.org/news/2012/02/24/india-decade-gujarat-justice-incomplete).
2 On Their Watch: Mass Violence and State Apathy in India—Examining the Record, edited by Surabhi Chopra and Prita Jha (Three Essays Collective, October 2014), http://www.threeessays.com/books/on-their-watch/.
1 Interview with the author, 2014.
1 “How India Tried to Ban Porn and Failed,” August 5, 2016, The Economist, http://www.economist.com/blogs/economist-explains/2015/08/economist-explains-2.
2 Ibid.
3 “UN Rights Experts Urge India to Repeal Law Restricting NGO’s Access to Crucial Foreign Funding,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, Press Release, June 16, 2016, http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=20112&LangID=E.