Thurgood Marshall, who was appointed by Lyndon Johnson in 1967 and retired in 1991, wrote the Court’s opinion in Puerto Rico v. Branstad, overruling the pre–Civil War case Kentucky v. Dennison. In that case Chief Justice Taney had held that the federal government could not require a state governor to comply with an order to return a fugitive slave. (Robert Oakes, Collection of the Supreme Court of the United States)