103. James Hogg, The Shepherd’s Calendar, ed. Douglas S. Mack (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1995), 107.
104. Hogg, Letters, ed. Hughes, I, 15; Anecdotes of Scott, ed. Rubenstein, 38.
105. Hogg, Queen Hynde, ed. Gilbert and Mack, 31.
106. PBSV, 324.
107. Hogg, Letters, ed. Hughes, I, 1.
108. James Hogg, Memoir of the Author’s Life, ed. Douglas S. Mack (Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press, 1972), 20.
109. James Hogg, The Spy, ed. Gillian Hughes (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2000), 3.
110. Ibid., 165.
111. Hogg, Letters, ed. Hughes, I, 219; Burns, Poems and Songs, ed. James Kinsley (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1969), 602.
112. Hogg, The Spy, ed. Hughes, 19.
113. PBSV, 315.
114. Ibid., 318.
115. Ibid., 317.
116. James Hogg, The Jacobite Relics of Scotland (First Series), ed. Murray Pittock (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2002), xxiv.
117. Hogg, quoted in Dwight Macdonald, ed., Parodies: An Anthology (London: Faber and Faber, 1961), 69.
118. Ibid., 90–91.
119. J. H. Alexander, ed., The Tavern Sages: Selections from the Noctes Ambrosianae (Aberdeen: Association for Scottish Literary Studies, 1992), 109, 95.
120. Hogg, Letters, ed. Hughes, I, 174.
121. Byron, Poetical Works, ed. McGann, I, 369.
122. James Hogg, The Brownie of Bodsbeck, ed. Douglas S. Mack (Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press, 1976), 63, 161.
123. Walter Scott, The Tale of Old Mortality, ed. Douglas S. Mack (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1993), 350.
124. James Hogg, The Three Perils of Man, ed. Douglas Gifford (Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press, 1989), 190.
125. James Hogg, The Three Perils of Woman, ed. David Groves, Antony Hasler and Douglas S. Mack (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1995), 202, 213.
126. Hogg, The Shepherd’s Calendar, ed. Mack, 119.
127. Hogg, Three Perils of Woman, ed. Groves et al., 1, 25.
128. Ibid., 405, 407, 332.
129. James Hogg, The Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner, ed. P. D. Garside (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2001), 1, 165, 169.
130. Ibid., Introduction, xlvi–xlviii.
131. Ibid., 158.
132. Ibid., Introduction, liii–liv.
133. Hogg, Letters, ed. Hughes, I, 91.
134. Hogg, The Spy, ed. Hughes, 250, 246.
135. James Hogg, Winter Evening Tales, ed. Ian Duncan (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2002), xxvi, 4, 28, 73, 499, 145, 220, 284.
136. Karl Miller, Electric Shepherd (London: Faber and Faber, 2003), 217.
137. Hogg, Reminiscences of Some of his Contemporaries, appended to his Poetical Works, 1878 edition, quoted in Jennie W. Aberdein, John Galt (London: Oxford University Press, 1936), 26–7.
138. John Galt, Autobiography (London: Cochrane and McCrone, 1833), 3 vols, I, 55–6.
139. John Galt, The Ayrshire Legatees (1821; rpt Edinburgh: James Thin, 1978), 40.
140. John Galt, Pictures, Historical and Biographical, Drawn from English, Scottish, and Irish History (London: Phillips, 1821), 2 vols, I, p. v.
141. John Galt, The Member: An Autobiography, ed. Ian A. Gordon (Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press, 1985), 5.
142. ‘Rev. T. Clark’ [i.e., John Galt], The Travels and Observations of Hareach, The Wandering Jew, 2nd edn (London: John Souter, n.d. [probably 1820]), xii; John Galt, Bogle Corbet; or, The Emigrants (London: Bentley, 1831), 3 vols, I, iii.
143. Galt, Bogle Corbet, III, 46; II, 220; I, 41; II, 135, 134.
144. Margaret Atwood, Survival (Toronto: Anansi, 1972).
145. John Galt, Lawrie Todd; or, The Settlers in the Woods (London: Colburn and Bentley, 1830), 3 vols, I, 38, 88, 122; II, 58, 59; III, 8.
146. John Galt, ed., The Works of Henry Mackenzie (Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd, 1824), 3, 4, 8; Galt, Literary Life, II, 218.
147. Galt, Literary Life, I, 226.
148. John Galt, Selected Short Stories, ed. Ian A. Gordon (Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press, 1978), 49.
149. John Galt, Annals of the Parish (London: Nelson, n.d.), 7.
150. Galt’s instructions to Blackwood (April 1822), quoted in John Galt, The Provost, ed. Ian A. Gordon (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982), xi.
151. PBSV, 342–3.
152. Galt, Selected Short Stories, ed. Gordon, 9.
153. John Galt, The Provost, ed. Ian A. Gordon (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982), 8 and xiv.
154. John Galt, The Radical: An Autobiography (London: Fraser, 1832), 5.
155. ‘Mrs Blackford’, The Scottish Orphans (London: Wetton and Jarvis, 1822), title page.
156. Clark, (i.e., Galt), Travels and Observations, x.
157. John Galt, The History of Gog and Magog (Whitefish, Montana: Kessinger Publishing, 2004), 40.
158. These words are quoted from the first edition of The Wandering Jew in Patricia Wilson’s introduction to John Galt, Ringan Gilhaize or The Covenanters (Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press, 1984), ix.
159. Galt, Selected Short Stories, ed. Gordon, 22, 23, 12.
160. Galt, Autobiography, I, 1.
161. Galt, Literary Life, I, 354.
162. Hogg, Letters, ed. Hughes, I, 263; 14 June 1822 letter to Blackwood quoted in The Three Perils of Woman, xviii.
163. D. M. Moir, Mansie Waugh (1828; rpt London: Foulis, 1911), 134–5.
164. Andrew Picken, The Dominie’s Legacy (London: Kidd, 1830), 3 vols, I, 95.
165. Michael Scott, The Cruise of the Midge, A New Edition (Edinburgh: Blackwood, 1845), 1.
166. Clark (i.e., Galt) Travels and Observations, x.
167. Roderick Watson, ed., The Poetry of Scotland (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1995), 420.
168. Derick Thomson, An Introduction to Gaelic Poetry (London: Gollancz, 1977), 221.
169. See John Macinnes, ‘Gaelic Poetry in the Nineteenth Century’ in Douglas Gifford, ed., The History of Scottish Literature, Volume 3, Nineteenth Century (Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press, 1988), 379.
170. Andrew Picken, The Black Watch (London: Bentley, 1834), 3 vols, I, 8.
171. Andrew Picken, ed., The Canadas (London: Wilson, 1832), title page.
172. Elizabeth Grant of Rothiemurchus, Memoirs of a Highland Lady, ed. Andrew Tod (Edinburgh: Canongate, 1988), 208.
173. Moir, Mansie Waugh, 170.
174. Alasdair Cameron, ‘Scottish Drama in the Nineteenth Century’ in Gifford, ed., The History, 432.
175. See, e.g., Blackwood’s Magazine for September 1818.
176. Barbara Taylor, quoted in Adrienne Scullion, ‘Some Women of the Nineteenth-century Scottish Theatre’ in Gifford and McMillan, ed., A History of Scottish Women’s Writing, 178.
1. Lord Cockburn to Andrew Rutherford, 14 February 1847, in Selected Letters, ed. Alan Bell (Edinburgh: John Donald, 2005), 203.
2. See Robert Crawford, The Modern Poet (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), ch. 3.
3. Jim McBeth, ‘Revealed: the Scot who inspired Dickens’ Scrooge’, Scotsman, 24 December 2004, 19.
4. William Chambers, quoted in Karl Miller, Electric Shepherd (London: Faber and Faber, 2003), 274.
5. Man of Letters, The Early Life and Love-Letters of Robert Chambers, ed. C. H. Layman (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1990), 20.
6. Scott, Journal, ed. W. E. K. Anderson (Edinburgh: Canongate, 1998), 604.
7. Lord Cockburn, Life of Francis Jeffrey with a Selection of his Correspondence (Edinburgh: A. & C. Black, 1832), 2 vols, I, 159–60.
8. Fred Kaplan, Thomas Carlyle: A Biography (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983), 21 (quoting Carlyle’s Reminiscences).
9. Thomas Carlyle, The French Revolution, ed. K. J. Fielding and David Sorensen (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989), 2 vols in one, II, 335.
10. Thomas Carlyle, On Heroes, Hero-Worship and the Heroic in History (1841; rpt Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1963), 213.
11. Thomas Carlyle, ‘Boswell’s Life of Johnson’ in Critical and Miscellaneous Essays (London: Chapman and Hall, 1903), 8 vols in three, IV, 77.
12. Carlyle, Critical and Miscellaneous Essays, III, 7 and I, 264.
13. Ibid., I, 57.
14. Thomas Carlyle, Sartor Resartus (1836; rpt London: Dent, 1984), 87.
15. Ibid., 121, 149, 146, 190.
16. Ibid., 204.
17. Ibid., 194.
18. Carlyle, French Revolution, ed. Fielding and Sorensen, I, 223.
19. Ibid., I, 15, 24.
20. Ibid., I, 9.
21. Ibid., II, 224.
22. Ibid., I, 51, 222, 46.
23. Ibid., II, 376–7.
24. Carlyle, Past and Present, ed. A. A. M. Hughes (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1927), 11.
25. Ibid., 130, 132.
26. Ibid., lxi, lxxx (Hughes), and 181 (Carlyle).
27. Ibid., 217; Carlyle, Essays, VII, 176, 177.
28. Ibid., VII, 223.
29. Ibid., VII, 83.
30. Ibid., VII, 203.
31. Carlyle, Sartor Resartus in Works (London: Chapman and Hall, 1897–9), 30 vols, I, 214; Carlyle, Reminiscences, ed. J. A. Froude (London: Longmans, 1881), 2 vols, II, 41.
32. Jane Welsh Carlyle, letter to Jeannie Welsh [8 January 1843] in Clyde L. Ryals and Kenneth J. Fielding, ed., The Collected Letters of Thomas and Jane Welsh Carlyle, Volume 16 (Durham, N. C.: Duke University Press, 1990), 12.
33. Joanna Baillie, ‘Recollections’ in Dorothy McMillan, ed., The Scotswoman at Home and Abroad (Glasgow: Association for Scottish Literary Studies, 1999), 92.
34. Marion Reid, A Plea for Woman, with an Introduction by Susanne Ferguson (Edinburgh: Polygon, 1988), 59, ix, 55, 77, 63.
35. Ibid., v.
36. Johnstone, ‘Mrs Hugo Reid’s Plea’ in McMillan, ed., The Scotswoman, 137.
37. Reid, A Plea, 83.
38. William Thom, Prefatory Note to ‘The Overgate Orphan’ in Rhymes and Recollections of a Handloom Weaver, expanded edition (Paisley: Gardiner, 1880), ‘Rhymes’, 45.
39. Hugh Miller, My Schools and Schoolmasters, or The Story of my Education (Edinburgh: B. & W. Publishing, 1993), 483, 338.
40. Ibid., 301.
41. Ibid., 289, 292–3.
42. PBSV, 344.
43. Bateman et al., ed., Scottish Religious Poetry, 180, 181.
44. Ibid., 173 (Carlyle, ‘Cui Bono?’).
45. Ibid., 182, 183, 178.
46. Ibid., 190.
47. Brown, quoted in T. C. Smout, A Century of the Scottish People, 1830–1950 (London: Collins, 1986), 137.
48. PBSV, 351–4.
49. The Poems and Prose Remains of Arthur Hugh Clough, ed. his wife (London: Macmillan, 1869), 2 vols, I, 362–3.
50. See David McCordick, ed., Scottish Literature: An Anthology (New York: Peter Lang, 1996), 2 vols, II, 987.
51. Hugh MacDiarmid, Complete Poems, ed. Michael Grieve and W. R. Aitken (London: Martin Bryan & O’Keeffe, 1978), 2 vols, II, 1204.
52. Alexander Smith, A Summer in Skye, ed. William F. Laughlan (Hawick: Byway Books, n.d.), 182.
53. Quoted in Derick Thomson, An Introduction to Gaelic Poetry (London: Gollancz, 1977), 228.
54. Ibid., 235.
55. Roderick Watson, ed., The Poetry of Scotland (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1995), 482–3; tr. Derick Thomson.
56. Bateman et al., ed., Scottish Religious Poetry, 185; tr. Lachlan MacBean.
57. Campbell, 1859 letter quoted in Iain F. Maciver, Lamplighter and Story-teller: John Francis Campbell (Edinburgh: National Library of Scotland, 1985), 25.
58. Ibid., 26.
59. Ibid., 27.
60. Ibid., 35.
61. Statistics from Donald MacAulay, ‘Canons, Myths and Cannon Fodder’, Scotlands, 1 (1994), 44.
62. This is reproduced in Quarto, Newsletter of the National Library of Scotland, 16 (Summer 2004), 5.
63. David Livingstone, The Last Journals (London: John Murray, 1874), 2 vols, I, 13–14.
64. See George Rosie, Curious Scotland (London: Granta, 2004), 110–28.
65. R. M. Ballantyne, Martin Rattler (1859; repr. London and Glasgow: Blackie, n.d.), 102.
66. Ibid., 62.
67. Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island, ed. Wendy R. Katz (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2000), 57.
68. J. Knight, quoted in William Raeper, George MacDonald (Tring: Lion, 1987), 194.
69. George MacDonald, Paul Faber, Surgeon (Whitehorn, Calif.: Johannesen, 1992), 243 and 244.
70. George MacDonald, Phantastes, A Faerie Romance (Whitehorn, Calif.: Johannesen, 1994), 20.
71. George MacDonald, Lilith (Whitehorn, Calif.: Johannesen, 1994), 233.
72. William Donaldson, ‘Popular Literature: The Press, the People, and the Vernacular Revival’ in Douglas Gifford, ed., The History of Scottish Literature, Volume 3, Nineteenth Century, ed. Douglas Gifford (Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press, 1988), 206.
73. George MacDonald, Alec Forbes of Howglen (Whitehorn, Calif.: Johannesen, 1995), 107.
74. Margaret Oliphant, Annals of a Publishing House, 2nd edn (Edinburgh: Blackwood, 1897), 3 vols, I, 4.
75. [Margaret Oliphant], Passages in the Life of Mrs Margaret Maitland, 2nd edn (London: Henry Colburn, 1850), 3 vols, III, 229, 280.
76. Virginia Woolf, Three Guineas (1938; rpt Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1977), 106.
77. Margaret Oliphant, Salem Chapel (1863; rpt London: Virago, 1986), 1.
78. Oliphant, Margaret Maitland, III, 282.
79. Annie S, Swan, My Life (London: Nicholson & Watson, 1934), 43, 40.
80. The Autobiography of Margaret Oliphant, ed. Elisabeth Jay (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990), 88, 118.
81. Margaret Oliphant, A Beleaguered City and Other Tales of the Seen and the Unseen, ed. Jenni Calder (Edinburgh: Canongate Classics, 2000), 385.
82. Oliphant, Margaret Maitland, II, 179.
83. Oliphant, A Beleaguered City, 3.
84. Carlyle, On Heroes and Hero-Worship, 133.
85. G. W. Foote, ‘James Thomson, 1 –The Man’, Progress: A Monthly Magazine, April 1884, 253.
86. [James Thomson], review of Principal Shairp, Robert Burns, Cope’s Tobacco Plant, September 1879, 384.
87. [James Thomson], review of R. H. Hutton, Sir Walter Scott, Cope’s Tobacco Plant, September 1879, 384.
88. James Thomson, Shelley, a Poem: with Other Writings (London: Chiswick Press, 1884), 92–3.
89. PBSV, 365, 362.
90. See Robert Crawford, The Savage and the City in the Work of T. S. Eliot (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1987), 37.
91. Quoted in Henry S. Salt, The Life of James Thomson (‘B. V.’), Revised Edition (London: Watts & Co., 1914), 73.
92. PBSV, 356.
93. Robert Louis Stevenson, The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde and Other Stories, ed. Jenni Calder (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1979), 48; The Original Illustrated ‘Strand’ Sherlock Holmes by Arthur Conan Doyle (Ware: Wordsworth Editions, 1989), 71.
94. Robert Louis Stevenson, Virginibus Puerisque (1881; rpt London: Heinemann, 1925 as vol. XXII of the Skerryvore Edition of Stevenson’s Works), 66; unless otherwise indicated, other references are also to the Skerryvore Edition.
95. Ibid., 128.
96. Stevenson, Works, XX, 118.
97. Ibid., XV, 196.
98. Ibid., XXII, 130–31.
99. Ibid., XVI, 187 (The Silverado Squatters) and 141 (The Amateur Emigrant).
100. Ibid., XVI, 259; John Muir, The Eight Wilderness-Discovery Books, intro. Terry Gifford (London: Diadem, 1992), 18.
101. Muir quoted in Bruce Richardson, ‘Thoreau in Yellowstone?’ in Edmund A. Schofield and Robert C. Baron, ed., Thoreau’s World and Ours (Golden, Colorado: North American Press, 1993), 334.
102. See the reproduction of Lloyd’s The Surprise in George L. McKay, A Stevenson Library, Volume I (New Haven: Yale University Library, 1951), plate facing p. 30.
103. Stevenson, Works, II, xvii (Lloyd Osbourne’s ‘Note’).
104. PBSV, 372.
105. Stevenson, Works, II, xxix (‘My First Book, Treasure Island’).
106. Ibid., xxxii.
107. Stevenson, Works, XX, 92.
108. Stevenson, Works, II, xxxii.
109. Stevenson, Works, V, 24.
110. Ibid., 75.
111. Ibid., 175.
112. Stevenson, Dr Jekyll, ed. Calder, 43, 38.
113. Folio 76 of Beinecke Library, Yale University’s MS Vault Stevenson 6934.
114. The Letters of Robert Louis Stevenson, ed. Bradford A. Booth and Ernest Mehew, (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1994–5), 8 vols, I, 113.
115. Ibid., VII, 125.
116. Walter Scott, Saint Ronan’s Well, ed. Mark Weinstein (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1995), 252, 336.
117. Stevenson, Dr Jekyll, ed. Calder, 81.
118. Ibid., 82, 87.
119. Ibid., 94, 84; Arthur Rimbaud, letter to Georges Izambard, [13] May 1871, in Oeuvres, ed. S. Bernard and A. Guyaux (Paris: Editions Garnier, 1987), 346.
120. Stevenson, Dr Jekyll, ed. Calder, 96, 97.
121. PBSV, 375 (‘To S. C’).
122. Letters of Stevenson, ed, Booth and Mehew, I, 475.
123. Stevenson, Works IX, xxv (Preface to The Master of Ballantrae).
124. J. G. Frazer, Creation and Evolution in Primitive Cosmogonies (London: Macmillan, 1935), 69; Robert Ackerman, I. G. Frazer (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987), 60.
125. See Robert Ackerman, ed., Selected Letters of Sir J. G. Frazer (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005), 102–10.
126. See Robert Crawford, Devolving English Literature, 2nd edn (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2000), ch. 3.
127. ODNB.
128. J. G. Frazer, The Gorgon’s Head (London: Macmillan, 1927), 439.
129. J. M. Barrie, Auld Licht Idylls (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1888), 150.
130. J. M. Barrie, The Greenwood Hat (London: Peter Davies, 1937), 7.
131. Barrie notebooks A2/4 and A2/9, Beinecke Library, Yale.
132. Barrie’s inscribed copy of this anonymous work, published in Edinburgh by Gall and Inglis, is in the Beinecke Library.
133. Barrie notebooks A/6 and A2/9, Beinecke.
134. Margaret Ogilvy, letter to J. M. Barrie [c. 1892], Beinecke.
135. Barrie, Margaret Ogilvy (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1896), 163.
136. Barrie to Nancy Astor, 20 August 1919, Reading University Library Nancy Astor archive.
137. J. M. Barrie, The Greenwood Hat (1930; rpt London: Peter Davies, 1937), 68; Barrie, McConnachie and J.M.B. (London: Peter Davies, 1938), 81; Margaret Ogilvy, 107.
138. Oliphant in Blackwood’s, quoted in Barrie, Auld Licht Idylls, concluding publisher’s advertisement.
139. Barrie, McConnachie, 173; ‘Tommy’, Auld Licht Idylls, 13.
140. Barrie, When a Man’s Single (1888; rpt London: Hodder and Stoughton, n.d.), 269.
141. This inscription on item 7214 of the Beinecke Library’s Stevenson collection is reproduced as a plate in George L. McKay, ed., A Stevenson Library, vol. VI (New Haven: Yale University Library, 1964).
142. Barrie, Greenwood Hat, 37.
143. J. M. Barrie, The Little Minister (1891; rpt London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1911), 174.
144. J. M. Barrie, Tommy and Grizel (London: Cassell, 1900), 139.
145. See Andrew Nash, ‘Ghostly Endings: The Evolution of J. M. Barrie’s Farewell Miss Julie Logan’, Studies in Scottish Literature, XXXIII–XXXIV (2004), 124–37.
146. Barrie, Tommy and Grizel, 168.
147. Barrie’s copy is in Beinecke.
148. The Plays of J. M. Barrie, ed. A. E. Wilson, rev. edn (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1942), 526, 539, 563.
149. Ibid., 574, 554.
150. Ibid., 706, 744.
151. Ibid., 776.
152. Ian Maclaren, The Days of Auld Lang Syne (London: Hodder and Stoughton, n.d.), 211.
153. Ibid.
154. Letters of J. M. Barrie, ed. Viola Meynell (London: Peter Davies, 1942), 10.
155. S. R. Crockett, The Lilac Sunbonnet (London: Fisher Unwin, 1894), 59–60.
156. Crockett, ‘In the Matter of Incubus and Co’, quoted in Islay Murray Donaldson, The Life and Work of Samuel Rutherford Crockett (Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press, 1989), 43.
157. The Selected Journals of L. M. Montgomery, Volume I: 1889–1910, ed. Mary Rubio and Elizabeth Waterston (Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1985), 223.
158. The Selected Journals of L. M. Montgomery, Volume III: 1921–1929, ed. Mary Rubio and Elizabeth Waterston (Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1992), 109.
159. Matthew Arnold, Lectures and Essays in Criticism, ed. R. H. Super (Michigan: Ann Arbor, 1962), 291.
160. Neil Munro, The Brave Days (Edinburgh: The Porpoise Press, 1931), 294–5.
161. William Sharp, Introduction to Lyra Celtica, ed. E. A. Sharp and J. Matthay, 2nd edn (Edinburgh: John Grant, 1932), xlix and xxxv.
162. ‘Fiona Macleod’, The Silence of Amor, in Works, ed. Mrs William Sharp, 7 vols, VI (London: Heinemann, 1916), 17.
163. William Sharp, Introductory Note to The Poems of Ossian (Edinburgh: Patrick Geddes, 1896), xxiv.
164. George Douglas Brown, 1901 letter quoted in James Veitch, George Douglas Brown (London: Herbert Jenkins, 1952), 149.
165. Carmina Gadelica, tr. Alexander Carmichael et al., 6 vols, I (Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd, 1928–71), 256–7.
166. Patrick Geddes, Prefatory Note, The Evergreen, Spring 1895.
167. Patrick Geddes, ‘The Scots Renascence’, ibid., 133.
168. Letters of Stevenson, ed. Booth and Mehew, VIII, 49–50.
169. Arthur Conan Doyle, The Original Illustrated ‘Strand’ Sherlock Holmes: Facsimile Edition (Ware: Wordsworth Editions, 1989), 13.
170. Ibid., 120, 117, 14.
171. Ibid., 65, 132.
172. Ibid., 213.
173. Andrew Lang, Introduction to Cuthbert Lennox, George Douglas Brown (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1903), 6.
174. Doyle, Illustrated ‘Strand’ Sherlock Holmes, 558.
175. Davidson, 1878 letter to A. C. Swinburne quoted in John Sloan, John Davidson, First of the Moderns (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1995), 22.
176. Davidson, letter to Mrs Menzies McArthur, 29 July [?1879] (Princeton University Library).
177. The Poems of John Davidson, ed. Andrew Turnbull (Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press, 1973), 2 vols, I, 63; PBSV, 379.
178. Ibid., I, 22.
179. Ibid., II, 427.
180. John Davidson, ‘About Myself’, The Candid Friend, 1 June 1901, 178; signed letter to the Westminster Gazette enclosed with letter to Grant Richards, 11 May 1906 (Princeton University Library).
181. Munro, The Brave Days, 177.
182. Poems, ed. Turnbull, I, 147.
183. Grant Richards quoted in Sloan, John Davidson, 151.
184. PBSV, 411.
185. John Buchan, Memory Hold-the-Door (1940; rpt London: Dent, 1984), 315.
186. Ibid., 37; John Buchan, Sir Walter Scott (London: Cassell, 1932), 7.
187. Andrew Lownie, John Buchan: The Presbyterian Cavalier (Edinburgh: Canongate, 1995), 52.
188. Janet Adam Smith, John Buchan and his World (New York: Scribner’s, 1979), 27–9.
189. Quoted in Janet Adam Smith, John Buchan (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985), 33.
190. John Buchan, The Thirty-Nine Steps (1915; rept Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1991), 9.
191. Adam Smith, John Buchan, 171.
192. Buchan, Thirty-Nine Steps, 46.
193. Quoted in Adam Smith, John Buchan, 86.
194. O. Douglas, Ann and Her Mother (London: Nelson, 1922), 209.
195. Anna Buchan, Unforgettable, Unforgotten (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1945), 102, 131; O. Douglas, Taken by the Hand (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1935), 203.
196. A. Buchan, Unforgettable, 69, 10.
197. John Buchan, Sick Heart River (1941; rpt Edinburgh: B&W, 1991), 205.
198. John Buchan, The Thirty-Nine Steps, 28–9.
199. Crockett, quoted in P. H. Scott, John Galt (Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press, 1985), 118.
200. Buchan quoted in Adam Smith, John Buchan, 86; Millar quoted in Scott, Galt, 117.
201. Brown quoted in Veitch, George Douglas Brown, 181, 153, 85.
202. George Douglas Brown, The House with the Green Shutters, ed. Dorothy Porter (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1985), 98.
203. Ibid., 126, 154.
204. Ibid., 53.
205. Brown, quoted in Veitch, Brown, 27, 33, 30.
206. Ibid., 29, 60.
207. Ibid., 156; Brown, House, 41.
208. J. M. Hay, Gillespie (1914; repr. Edinburgh: Canongate, 1979), 395.
1. George Blake, The Firth of Clyde (London: Collins, 1952).
2. PBSV, 391.
3. Ian Hay, The First Hundred Thousand (Edinburgh: Blackwood, 1915), 228.
4. Quotations and translations of these World War I Gaelic poets are from Ronald Black, ed., An Tuil, Anthology of Twentieth-Century Gaelic Verse (Edinburgh: Polygon, 1999), 124–5, 122–3, 216–17, 218–19.
5. Reprinted in Brian Gardner, ed., Up the Line to Death (London: Methuen, 1964), 49.
6. John Peterson, Roads and Ditches (Lerwick: T. & J. Manson, 1920), 31.
7. Letter quoted in Jean Moorcroft Wilson, Charles Hamilton Sorley: A Biography (London: Cecil Woolf, 1985), 198.
8. Sorley, letter to his father, 15 July 1915, in Hilda D. Spear, ed., Poems and Selected Letters (Dundee: Blackness Press, 1978), 102.
9. Sorley, letter to Arthur Watts, quoted in Wilson, Sorley, 215.
10. Sorley, letter to his mother, 28 April 1915, in Spear, ed., Poems and Selected Letters, 98.
11. ‘To Germany’ in Collected Poems, ed. Jean Moorcraft Wilson (London: Cecil Woolf, 1985), 70; ibid., 91 (‘When you see millions of the mouthless dead’).
12. ‘Mallaig Bay’ in E. A. Mackintosh, A Highland Regiment (London: John Lane, 1917), 59.
13. E. A. Mackintosh, War, The Liberator (London: John Lane, 1918), 15–16, 138, 31.
14. Reproduced in Colin Campbell and Rosalind Green, Can’t Shoot a Man with a Cold (Glendaruel: Argyll Publishing, 2004), 205.
15. Mackintosh, A Highland Regiment, 40–42.
16. C. M. Grieve, Annals of the Five Senses (1923; rpt Edinburgh: Polygon, 1983), 70.
17. The Letters of Hugh MacDiarmid, ed. Alan Bold (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1984), 531.
18. Ibid., 9; The Hugh MacDiarmid–George Ogilvie Letters, ed. Catherine Kerrigan (Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press, 1988), 13.
19. MacDiarmid, Letters, ed. Bold, 38.
20. [C. M. Grieve, ed.], Northern Numbers (Edinburgh and London: T. N. Foulis, 1920), Foreword.
21. Douglas Dunn, ed., The Faber Book of Twentieth-century Scottish Poetry (London: Faber and Faber, 1992), 14.
22. ‘A Local Poetess and Novelist’, Montrose Review, 2 January 1920, 5; see also Robert Crawford, ‘MacDiarmid in Montrose’ in Alex Davis and Lee M. Jenkins, ed., Locations of Literary Modernism (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000), 33–56.
23. Northern Numbers, [28].
24. ‘Is “Braid Scots” Dead?’ Montrose Review, 17 June 1921, 6.
25. Hugh MacDiarmid, The Raucle Tongue, ed. Angus Calder, Glen Murray and Alan Riach (Manchester: Carcanet, 1996–7), 3 vols, I, 29.
26. Edward Moore [i.e., Edwin Muir], We Moderns (London: Allen and Unwin, 1918), 129.
27. G. Gregory Smith, Scottish Literature: Character and Influence (London: Macmillan, 1919), 4.
28. Hugh MacDiarmid, Contemporary Scottish Studies, ed. Alan Riach (Manchester: Carcanet, 1995), 64.
29. Hugh MacDiarmid, ‘The Angus Burghs’ in Alan Bold, ed., The Thistle Rises (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1984), 220.
30. B. L., ‘The World of Books’, Montrose Review, 3 June 1921, 6.
31. PBSV, 407 (Hugh MacDiarmid, Complete Poems, ed. Michael Grieve and W. R. Aitken (London: Martin Brian and O’Keeffe, 1978), 2 vols, I, 17).
32. See Duncan Macmillan, The Life of George Matheson (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1907), 195–7.
33. James Bridie and Moray McLaren, A Small Stir: Letters on the English (London: Hollis and Carter, 1949), 2.
34. Thomas Amos, ‘Secretary’s Annual Report’, Burns Chronicle 24 (1925), 152; Alan Bold, MacDiarmid (London: John Murray, 1988), 159.
35. C. M. Grieve, Preface to Robert Burns (London: Benn, 1926), iii.
36. MacDiarmid, Complete Poems, ed. Grieve and Aitken, II, 1234.
37. Ibid., I, 74.
38. Hugh MacDiarmid, Selected Prose, ed. Alan Riach (Manchester: Carcanet, 1992), 22.
39. C. M. Grieve, ‘Home Rule for Scotland’, Montrose Review, 20 January 1922, 5.
40. ‘Folk-song Recital’, Montrose Review, 4 April 1924, 7; MacDiarmid, Selected Prose, ed. Riach, 38.
41. Corrie, In Time o’ Strife in Cairns Craig and Randall Stevenson, ed., Twentieth-century Scottish Drama (Edinburgh: Canongate Classics, 2001), 73–4.
42. Walt Whitman, Complete Poetry and Collected Prose, ed. Justin Kaplan (New York: Library of America, 1982), 246 (‘Song of Myself’, 51).
43. ‘Book Reviews, A Green Grass Widow’, Montrose Review, 20 May 1921, 7.
44. PBSV, 407 (MacDiarmid, Complete Poems, ed. Grieve and Aitken, I, 17).
45. Barrie, preface to The Old Lady Shows her Medals in The Plays, ed. A. E. Wilson (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1942), 967.
46. The Collected Works of Lorna Moon, ed. Glenda Norquay (Edinburgh: Black and White, 2002), 267 (letter of ‘5 or 6 January 1929’ to David Laurance Chambers).
47. Ibid., 260 and 258 (letters of 20 August 1928 to D. L. Chambers and 9 May 1925 to H. H. Howland).
48. Ibid., 268 (letter as in note 47 above).
49. Ibid., 23.
50. Richard de Mille, My Secret Mother (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1998).
51. A. S. Neill, A Dominie’s Log (London: Herbert Jenkins, 1915), 88, 13.
52. A. S. Neill, A Dominie in Doubt (London: Herbert Jenkins, 1920), 225.
53. MacDiarmid, Complete Poems, ed. Grieve and Aitken, I, 134 and 84.
54. Ibid., I, 144; PBSV, 410.
55. Ibid., I, 167; PBSV, 411.
56. Kathleen Jamie in Robert Crawford et al., ‘A Disgrace to the Community’, PN Review, 19.3 (1993), 21.
57. PBSV, 409 (MacDiarmid, Complete Poems, ed. Grieve and Aitken, I, 66).
58. Rose Macaulay, Potterism (London: Collins, 1920), 231.
59. MacDiarmid, Complete Poems, ed. Grieve and Aitken, II, 1235 (‘Braid Scots’).
60. MacDiarmid, Letters, ed. Bold, 845 (19 December 1933).
61. PBSV, 412 (MacDiarmid, Complete Poems, ed. Grieve and Aitken, I, 422).
62. David Daiches in Crawford et al., ‘A Disgrace to the Community’, 19.
63. PBSV, 414 (MacDiarmid, ibid., I, 425).
64. Ibid., 423 (MacDiarmid, ibid., II, 1058).
65. Ibid., 422 (MacDiarmid, ibid., I, 461).
66. MacDiarmid, Selected Prose, ed. Riach, 39.
67. See Lesley Duncan, ‘Secret MacDiarmid’, Glasgow Herald, 11 April 2003, 18.
68. See Robert Crawford, ed., Contemporary Poetry and Contemporary Science (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006), Introduction and chapter by Edwin Morgan.
69. PBSV, 424 (MacDiarmid, Complete Poems, ed. Grieve and Aitken, II, 1170).
70. See photographs in Gordon Wright, MacDiarmid (Edinburgh: Gordon Wright Publishing, 1977), 93.
71. Hugh MacDiarmid, Lucky Poet (London: Cape, 1943), 426.
72. MacDiarmid, Selected Prose, ed. Riach, 3.
73. Hugh MacDiarmid and Lewis Grassic Gibbon, Scottish Scene (London: Jarrolds, 1934), 43.
74. Ibid., 241, 305, 303.
75. Lewis Grassic Gibbon, ‘Controversy: Writers’ International (British Section)’ in Smeddum: A Lewis Grassic Gibbon Anthology, ed. Valentina Bold (Edinburgh: Canongate Classics, 2001), 739.
76. Scottish Scene, 292.
77. Lewis Grassic Gibbon, A Scots Quair (1946; rpt London: Pan, 1982), 117.
78. Nan Shepherd, The Quarry Wood (Edinburgh: Canongate, 1987), 145.
79. Nan Shepherd, The Weatherhouse (Edinburgh: Canongate, 1988), 2.
80. Nan Shepherd, letter to Neil Gunn, c. 1930, quoted in F. R. Hart and J. B. Pick, Neil M. Gunn, A Highland Life (London: John Murray, 1981), 90.
81. MacDiarmid, Complete Poems, ed. Grieve and Aitken, II, 837 (‘In Memoriam James Joyce’).
82. Edwin Muir, Autobiography (1954; rpt London: Methuen, 1968), 20–21.
83. PBSV, 402; The Complete Poems of Edwin Muir, ed. Peter Butter (Aberdeen: Association for Scottish Literary Studies, 1991), 3.
84. PBSV, 402; Muir, Complete Poems, ed. Butter, 80 (‘Merlin’).
85. Ibid., 406; Muir, ibid., 227.
86. PBSV, 398 (‘A Dead Mole’), 309 (‘A Wet Day’)(The Poetical Works of Andrew Young, ed. Edward Lowbury and Alison Young (London: Secker and Warburg, 1985), 63, 80).
87. Typed account headed ‘Edwin Muir’, and dated 5/7/41: probably a letter from Sir David Russell to Principal Irvine of St Andrews University (University of St Andrews Special Collections, Sir David Russell Papers, Box 98).
88. PBSV, 403–4; Muir, Complete Poems, ed. Butter, 100.
89. Edwin Muir, Scott and Scotland: The Predicament of the Scottish Writer (1936; rpt Edinburgh: Polygon, 1982), 1, 6, 90, 7, 111, 42.
90. T. S. Eliot, The Complete Poems and Plays (London: Faber and Faber, 1969), 141 (‘Landscapes IV, Rannoch’); Eliot, Selected Essays, Third Enlarged Edition (London: Faber and Faber, 1951), 288.
91. Muir, Scott and Scotland, 44.
92. See Robert Crawford, ‘Bakhtin and Scotlands’, Scotlands, 1 (1994), 55–65; and Douglas Gifford and Alan Riach, ed., Scotlands (Manchester: Carcanet, 2004).
93. PBSV, 426 (The Poems of William Soutar, ed. W. R. Aitken (Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press, 1988), 209).
94. William Soutar, Diaries of a Dying Man, ed. Alexander Scott (Edinburgh: Chambers, 1988), 144–5.
95. Edmund Wilson, The Fifties, ed. Leon Edel (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1986), 146.
96. Compton Mackenzie, My Life and Times, Octave Seven (London: Chatto & Windus, 1968), 98.
97. Edmund Wilson, The Bit Between My Teeth (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1965), 540.
98. John Connell, David Go Back (London: Cassell, 1935), 137; W. H. Auden, The English Auden, ed. Edward Mendelson (London: Faber and Faber, 1977), 106.
99. Tom Normand, The Modern Scot: Modernism and Nationalism in Scottish Art 1928–1955 (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2000), 43.
100. Whyte, quoted in Normand, The Modern Scot, 44, 174.
101. PBSV, 394; The Singin’ Lass: Selected Writings of Marion Angus, ed. Aimèe Chalmers (Edinburgh: Polygon, 2006), 175–6.
102. Willa Muir, Imagined Selves, ed. Kirsty Allen (Edinburgh: Canongate Classics, 1996), Women: An Inquiry, 25.
103. Ibid., ‘Women in Scotland’, 4.
104. William Soutar, But the Earth Abideth (London: Andrew Dakers, 1943), 9.
105. Willa Muir, Living with Ballads (London: Hogarth Press, 1965), 13.
106. [Catherine Carswell], ‘New Novels’, Glasgow Herald, 4 November 1915.
107. Catherine Carswell, Open the Door! (1920; rpt London: Virago, 1986), 35.
108. Catherine Carswell, The Camomile (1922; rpt London: Virago, 1987), 41.
109. Catherine Carswell, The Life of Robert Burns (1930; rpt Edinburgh: Canongate Classics, 1990), 5, 312, 31, viii.
110. Catherine Carswell, The Savage Pilgrimage (1932; rpt Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981), xli; Lying Awake, ed. John Carswell (Edinburgh: Canongate, 1997), 22 and 51.
111. John Macmurray, 1944 inaugural lecture at Edinburgh University, quoted in John E. Costello, John Macmurray (Edinburgh: Floris Books, 2002), 306.
112. Macmurray, Freedom in the Modern World (1932), quoted in Costello, Macmurray, 172.
113. Philip Cornford, ed., The Personal Word (Edinburgh: Floris Books, 1996).
114. See Costello, Macmurray, 190 and 211.
115. Ibid., 411, n. 37.
116. Elizabeth Hyde, Out of the Earth (London: Peter Davies, 1935), 62 and 194.
117. Shepherd, May 1940 letter to Gunn, quoted in Hart and Pick, Neil M. Gunn, 155.
118. Neil M. Gunn, The Man Who Came Back, ed. Margery McCulloch (Edinburgh: Polygon, 1991), 20–21.
119. Neil M. Gunn, Selected Letters, ed. J. B. Pick (Edinburgh: Polygon, 1987), 3, 10, 102.
120. Ibid., 241.
121. Neil M. Gunn, Morning Tide (Edinburgh: Porpoise Press, 1931), 7.
122. Neil M. Gunn, The Green Isle of the Great Deep (1944; rpt London: Souvenir Press, 1975), 158.
123. Gunn, The Man Who Came Back, 72–3.
124. Neil M. Gunn, The Silver Darlings (1941; rpt London: Faber and Faber, 1969), 583.
125. T. S. Eliot, Collected Poems 1909–1962 (1963; rpt London: Faber and Faber, 1974), 212.
126. Muir in a broadcast talk quoted on the inside cover of The Silver Darlings.
127. Nancy C. Dorian, Language Death: The Life Cycle of a Scottish Gaelic Dialect (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1981).
128. Gunn, The Green Isle, 10, 93.
129. Fionn Mac Colla, The Albannach (1932; rpt London: Souvenir Press, 1984), 105, 155.
130. Finn Mac Colla, And the Cock Crew (1945; rpt London: Souvenir Press, 1977), 121.
131. Adam Drinan, Women of the Happy Island (Glasgow: McLellan, 1944), 28.
132. Sorley MacLean, ‘Edinburgh Impressions’, Alumni Bulletin, University of Edinburgh Magazine, 1990, 5.
133. MacLean to MacDiarmid, 27 February 1938, quoted in Christopher Whyte, ed., Dàin do Eimhir (Glasgow: Association for Scottish Literary Studies, 2002), 9.
134. Somhairle Mac Gill-Eain, Ris a’ Bhruthaich: The Criticism and Prose Writings, ed. William Gillies (Stornoway: Acair, 1985), 109.
135. Sorley MacLean, From Wood to Ridge: Collected Poems in Gaelic and English (Manchester: Carcanet, 1989), 22–3 (‘An Roghainn’/ ‘The Choice’, tr. MacLean).
136. PBSV, 445 (‘Muir-tràigh’/ ‘Ebb’, tr. MacLean’s; text from Sorley MacLean, From Wood to Ridge, 140–41); Seamus Heaney, ‘Introduction’ to Raymond J. Ross and Joy Hendry, ed., Sorley MacLean, Critical Essays (Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press, 1986), 1.
137. MacLean, From Wood to Ridge, 26–9 (‘Ban-Ghàidheal’/ ‘A Highland Woman’, tr. MacLean).
138. Ibid., 136–7.
139. W. B. Yeats, Collected Poems, 2nd edn (London: Macmillan, 1950), 46 (‘When You Are Old’); MacLean, From Wood to Ridge, 16–17 (‘Lìonmhoireachd’/ ‘Multitude’, tr. MacLean).
140. MacLean, Ris a’ Bhruthaich, 20.
141. MacLean to MacDiarmid, 8 March 1941, quoted in Whyte, ed., Dàin do Eimhir, 4.
142. MacLean, From Wood to Ridge, 179.
143. Ibid., 134–5.
144. Seamus Heaney, quoted in Rosemary Goring, ‘Legend in own rhyme’, The Herald, 16 August 2002, 23.
145. MacLean, From Wood to Ridge, 229; PBSV, 451.
146. Prospectus, quoted in David Hutchison, ‘1900–1950’ in Bill Findlay, ed., A History of Scottish Theatre (Edinburgh: Polygon, 1998), 208–9.
147. John MacNair Reid, Homeward Journey (1934; rpt Edinburgh: Canongate Classics, 1988), 62.
148. Quoted by Hutchison in Findlay, ed., A History of Scottish Theatre, 221.
149. Bridie quoted in Ronald Mavor, Dr Mavor and Mr Bridie (Edinburgh: Canongate and the National Library of Scotland, 1988), 38.
150. Ibid., 63.
151. James Bridie, John Knox and Other Plays (London: Constable, 1949), Dr Angelus, 4.
152. James Bridie, Mr Bolfry, in Cairns Craig and Randall Stevenson, ed., Twentieth-century Scottish Drama (Edinburgh: Canongate Classics, 2001), 239, 221, 234, 255.
153. Bridie, Dr Angelus, 65.
154. Shaw, 1943 letter to Bridie reproduced in Mavor, Dr Mavor, 116; Bridie, One Way of Living (London: Constable, 1939), 298.
155. James Bridie, The British Drama (Glasgow: Craig Wilson, 1945), 38.
156. Guy McCrone, Wax Fruit (London: Constable, 1947), 217, 407.
157. Ena Lamont Stewart, Men Should Weep, in Craig and Stevenson, ed., Twentieth-century Scottish Drama, 277, 286.
158. Ena Lamont Stewart, quoted in Anna Millar, ‘Giving reality a good name’, Scotland on Sunday, 28 August 2005, 13.
159. Ibid.
160. Stewart, Men Should Weep, 306–7.
161. A. McArthur and H. Kingsley Long, No Mean City (1935; rpt London: Corgi, 1984), 167.
162. George Blake, The Shipbuilders (1935; rpt Edinburgh: B&W, 1993), 134, 221.
163. Gordon Brown, Maxton (1986; rpt London: Fontana, 1988), 11.
164. Eric Linklater, The Man on My Back (London: Macmillan, 1941), 10–11.
165. Eric Linklater, Private Angelo (1946; rpt Edinburgh: Canongate Classics, 1999), 104, 89.
166. Naomi Mitchison, Among You Taking Notes, ed. Dorothy Sheridan (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986), 133.
167. James Barke, The Land of the Leal (1939; rpt Edinburgh: Canongate Classics, 1987), 23.
168. Ibid., 586.
169. Ian Macpherson, Wild Harbour (1936; rpt Edinburgh: Canongate Classics, 1989), 25, 83.
170. Barke, Land of the Leal, 491.
171. Macpherson, Wild Harbour, 148.
172. Barke, Land of the Leal, 603, 609.
1. Naomi Mitchison, Among You Taking Notes, ed. Dorothy Sheridan (1985; rpt Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986), 32.
2. Ruthven Todd, Until Now (London: Fortune Press, 1942), 24.
3. Norman McCaig, ‘Poem’ in C. J. Russell and J. F. Hendry, ed., Albannach (Dingwall: C. J. Russell, 1938), 20–21.
4. J. F. Hendry, Fernie Brae in Liam McIlvanney, ed., Growing Up in the West (Edinburgh: Canongate Classics, 2003), 262.
5. This photograph was published in John Davidson, ‘Painting is an Infinitely Minute Part of any Personality’, Scotland on Sunday, Spectrum, 16 May 2004, 15.
6. J. F. Hendry in Robin Skelton, ed., Poetry of the Forties (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1968), 24, 93.
7. Norman McCaig, Far Cry (London: Routledge, 1943), 11, 9.
8. Hamish Henderson, Elegies for the Dead in Cyrenaica (1948; rev. edn Edinburgh: Polygon, 1990), 59, 17, 23, 28.
9. PBSV, 458–9 (Hay’s translation); see also Michael Byrne, ed., Collected Poems and Songs of George Campbell Hay (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press for the Lorimer Trust, 2000), 2 vols, II, 46.
10. Ibid., II, 7.
11. Edwin Morgan, The New Divan (Manchester: Carcanet, 1977), 56.
12. G. S. Fraser, Poems, ed. Ian Fletcher and John Lucas (Leicester: Leicester University Press, 1981), 51.
13. Jessie Kesson, Another Time, Another Place (1983), rpt in The Jessie Kesson Omnibus (London: Chatto and Windus, 1991), 330.
14. PBSV, 456; Sydney Goodsir Smith, Collected Poems (London: Calder, 1975), 57.
15. PBSV, 458; Smith, Collected Poems, 95.
16. Alasdair Gray, 1982, Janine (London: Cape, 1984), 282.
17. Robert Garioch, ‘Quiet Passage’ in Albannach, 13.
18. Robert Garioch, Two Men and a Blanket (Edinburgh: Southside, 1975), 26; PBSV, 430; Robert Garioch, Complete Poetical Works, ed. Robin Fulton (Edinburgh: Macdonald, 1983), 50.
19. PBSV, 434; Garioch, Complete Poetical Works, ed. Fulton, 87.
20. Norman Cameron, Collected Poems and Selected Translations, ed. Warren Hope and Jonathan Barker (London: Anvil, 1990), 59 (‘Forgive Me, Sire’).
21. J. I. M. Stewart, Young Pattullo (1975; rpt London: Methuen, 1976), 140.
22. George Friel, Mr Alfred M. A. (1972); Edinburgh: Canongate Classics, 1972), 139, 4, 62.
23. PBSV, 435–6 (from Norman MacCaig, Collected Poems, New Edition (London: Chatto and Windus, 1990), 7).
24. PBSV, 437 (‘Wild Oats’), 436 (‘Basking Shark’) (from MacCaig, Collected Poems, 232, 219).
25. Ibid., 435 (ibid., 3).
26. MacCaig, Collected Poems, 189.
27. PBSV, 439 (MacCaig, Collected Poems, 318).
28. Heaney, quoted on rear jacket of MacCaig, Collected Poems.
29. Norman MacCaig, The Poems (Edinburgh: Polygon, 2005), xxxix.
30. MacCaig, 1980 BBC Radio Scotland interview quoted in Marjory McNeill, Norman MacCaig (Edinburgh: Mercat Press, 1996), 25.
31. MacCaig, Collected Poems, 266.
32. George Mackay Brown, For the Islands I Sing (London: John Murray, 1997), 122.
33. Edwin Muir, Introduction to George Mackay Brown, The Storm and Other Poems (Kirkwall: Orkney Press, 1954), 5.
34. Kathleen Jamie, ‘Primal Seam’, Scotsman, ‘Critique’, 30 July 2005, 14.
35. PBSV, 480, 481; George Mackay Brown, Selected Poems (London: Hogarth Press, 1977), 75, 53.
36. Brown, The Storm, 13 (‘Saint Magnus on Egilshay’) and 15 (‘The Storm’).
37. W. S. Graham, Collected Poems (London: Faber and Faber, 1979), 48.
38. Ibid., 192, ‘What is the Language Using Us For?’
39. PBSV, 463; Graham, Collected Poems, 144.
40. Ibid., 466 (‘Loch Thom’); ibid., 214.
41. Edwin Morgan, Collected Poems (Manchester: Carcanet, 1990), 61.
42. Ibid., 21.
43. Edwin Morgan, ‘Virtual and Other Realities’ in Robert Crawford, ed., Contemporary Poetry and Contemporary Science (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006), 38.
44. Edwin Morgan, Essays (Cheadle Hulme: Carcanet New Press, 1974), 97.
45. Edwin Morgan, ‘Scottish Drama’, ScotLit 20, Spring 1999, 4.
46. PBSV, 470; Morgan, Collected Poems, 159.
47. Ibid., 473; ibid., 267.
48. Ibid., 408, ‘New Year Sonnets, 4’; 167, ‘King Billy’; ‘Glasgow Sonnets’; PBSV, 472.
49. See Morgan’s essay in Robert Crawford, ed., Contemporary Poetry and Contemporary Science (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006).
50. See Robert Crawford, ‘“to change/ the unchangeable”–The Whole Morgan’ in Robert Crawford and Hamish Whyte, ed., About Edwin Morgan (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1990), 10–24; Morgan, Essays, Preface.
51. Edwin Morgan, ‘Old Gorbals’, Scotsman, S2, 25 March 2004, 14.
52. Morgan, Collected Poems, 83 (‘From a City Balcony’).
53. Fred Urquhart, ‘Forty Three Years: A Benediction’, in A. L. Kennedy and Hamish Whyte, ed., The Ghost of Liberace (Aberdeen: Association for Scottish Literary Studies, 1993), 135–46; Christopher Whyte, ed., Gendering the Nation (Edinburgh: Polygon, 1995).
54. PBSV, 472; Morgan, Collected Poems, 248.
55. Tom Gordon, ‘Holyrood Poet Morgan Signs Up’, Herald, 7 October 2004, 3.
56. PBSV, 476; Morgan, Collected Poems, 433 (‘Cinquevalli’).
57. Brown, For the Islands I Sing, 161.
58. Finlay quoted in Ken Cockburn, ‘Early works from the Wild Hawthorn Press’, Scottish Poetry Library Newsletter 45, July 2005, 5.
59. Ian Hamilton Finlay, ‘The Boy and the Guess’ (1958), rpt in Yves Abrioux, Ian Hamilton Finlay: A Visual Primer, 2nd edn (London: Reaktion Books, 1992), 72.
60. Ian Hamilton Finlay, The Dancers Inherit the Party and Glasgow Beasts (Edinburgh: Polygon, 1996), 61.
61. Illustrated in Abrioux, Ian Hamilton Finlay, 67, 46–7.
62. PBSV, 483 (Abrioux, 94)
63. See Robert Crawford, ‘Poetry and Academia: The Instance of Informationism’ in Andrew Michael Roberts and Jonathan Allison, ed., Poetry and Contemporary Culture (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2002) and Robert Crawford, ed., Contemporary Poetry and Contemporary Science (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006).
64. The Personal World: John Macmurray on Self and Society, ed. Philip Conford (Edinburgh: Floris Books, 1996), 72.
65. M. M. Bakhtin, Speech Genres and Other Late Essays, ed. Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist, tr. Vern W. McGee (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1986), 7; see Robert Crawford, Identifying Poets: Self and Territory in Twentieth-century Poetry (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1993), Introduction.
66. See, e.g., Kenneth White, On Scottish Ground (Edinburgh: Polygon, 1998).
67. David Daiches, Two Worlds (1956; new edn Edinburgh: Canongate Classics, 1987), Foreword and 129.
68. Muriel Spark, Curriculum Vitae (London: Constable, 1992), 53, 21, 22.
69. Ibid., 67, 66; MacDiarmid, Complete Poems, I, 32.
70. Spark, Curriculum Vitae, 69, 113.
71. Bateman et al., ed., Scottish Religious Poetry, 259; Muriel Spark, All the Poems (Manchester: Carcanet, 2004), 71.
72. Spark, Curriculum Vitae, 148.
73. Muriel Spark, The Go-Away Bird and Other Stories (1958; Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1963), 161.
74. T. S. Eliot, Collected Poems (London: Faber and Faber, 1974), 65 (The Waste Land), 190 (‘Burnt Norton’).
75. Muriel Spark, The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie (1961; rpt Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1965), 5, 6.
76. Ibid., 88, 21.
77. Ibid., 120, 127.
78. Ibid., 108.
79. Spark in Karl Miller, ed., Memoirs of a Modern Scotland (London: Faber and Faber, 1970), 151–2.
80. Muriel Spark, The Abbess of Crewe (1974; London: Penguin, 1975), 27.
81. Spark, Curriculum Vitae, 119.
82. Spark, ‘What Images’, 152.
83. James Allan Ford, The Brave White Flag (1961; rpt Glasgow: Richard Drew, 1985), 143, 187, 282.
84. Alastair Reid, ‘Digging up Scotland’ in Whereabouts (Edinburgh: Canongate, 1987), 29.
85. Elspeth Davie, Providings (London: John Calder, 1965), 47.
86. Ruaraidh MacThoòmais/Derick Thomson, Creachadh na Claàrsaich/Plundering the Harp (Edinburgh: Macdonald, 1982), 88–9; PBSV, 478–9 (‘The Herring Girls’); tr. by the poet.
87. PBSV, 487 (‘The Herring Girls’ from Iain Crichton Smith, Collected Poems (Manchester: Carcanet, 1992), 222).
88. PBSV, 486 (‘Two Girls Singing’ from Smith, Collected Poems, 48).
89. Iain Crichton Smith, Towards the Human (Edinburgh: MacDonald Publishers, 1986), 20.
90. Iain Crichton Smith, ‘The Double Man’ in R. P. Draper, ed., The Literature of Region and Nation (London: Macmillan, 1989), 140; Smith, Collected Poems, 54 (‘The Law and the Grace’).
91. Alasdair Maclean, Night Falls on Ardnamurchan (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1984), 114, 192, 167.
92. Bateman et al., ed., Scottish Religious Poetry, 280–81 (tr. by the poet), and 320.
93. Robin Jenkins, Fergus Lamont (Edinburgh: Canongate, 1979), 136.
94. Robin Jenkins, Dust on the Paw (1961; rpt Glasgow: Richard Drew, 1986), 300.
95. Robin Jenkins, The Cone-Gatherers (1955; rpt Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1983), 67, 4.
96. Jenkins, Fergus Lamont, 138.
97. Archie Hind, The Dear Green Place (1966; rpt Edinburgh: Polygon, 1984), 65, 226; Gordon Williams, From Scenes Like These (1968; rpt London: Allison and Busby, 1980), 82 and 115.
98. Alan Sharp, A Green Tree in Gedde (1965; rpt Glasgow: Richard Drew, 1985), 168.
99. William McIlvanney, Laidlaw (1977; rpt London: Coronet, 1985), 154.
100. Donald Campbell, The Jesuit (1976) in Bill Findlay, ed., Scots Plays of the Seventies (Edinburgh: Scottish Cultural Press, 2001), 207.
101. John Byrne, Your Cheatin’ Heart in Craig and Wallace, ed., Twentieth-Century Scottish Drama, 574, 589, 531–2.
102. Hector MacMillan, The Rising (1973) in Findlay, ed., Scots Plays of the Seventies, 82.
103. John McGrath, Six-Pack (Edinburgh: Polygon, 1986), 177.
104. Alasdair Gray, ‘Museum’, Scotlands 1 (1994), 110; Gray, Ten Tales Tall and True (London: Bloomsbury, 1993), 154.
105. Alasdair Gray, ‘The Wise Mouse’, Whitehill School Magazine, Summer 1949, 10; for more on this story see Robert Crawford and Thom Nairn, ed., The Arts of Alasdair Gray (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1991), Introduction.
106. Alasdair Gray, quoted in Sian Holding, ‘Hidden Treasure’, Scotland on Sunday, At Home magazine supplement, 14 September 2003, 4 (where Gray’s restored Jonah mural is reproduced).
107. Alasdair Gray, Lanark (1981; rpt London: Granada, 1982), 485.
108. Edwin Morgan, Essays (Manchester: Carcanet, 1974), 158.
109. Alasdair Gray, ed., The Book of Prefaces (London: Bloomsbury, 2000), 631.
110. Elspeth Barker, O Caledonia! (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1991), 84.
111. Shena Mackay, Babies in Rhinestones (London: Heinemann, 1983), 73.
112. Douglas Dunn, quoted on front cover of Allan Massie, The Hanging Tree (1990; rpt London: Mandarin, 1992); Muriel Spark, quoted on inside front jacket flap of Allan Massie, Shadows of Empire (London: Sinclair-Stevenson, 1997).
113. Allan Massie, ‘Has Amis gone to the dogs?’ Scotsman, Weekend supplement, 6 September 2003, 7.
114. Karl Miller, Dark Horses (London: Picador, 1998), 221, 232.
115. PBSV, 503 (‘Unrelated Incidents, 3’ from Tom Leonard, Intimate Voices (Newcastle: Galloping Dog Press, 1984), 88).
116. Tom Leonard, ed., Radical Renfrew (Edinburgh: Polygon, 1990), xvii.
117. PBSV, 496–7; original from Aonghas MacNeacail, An Seachnadh agus dàin eile/The Avoiding and other poems (Loanhead: Macdonald, 1986), 98–9.
118. PBSV, 499; Douglas Dunn, St Kilda’s Parliament (London: Faber and Faber, 1981), 14.
119. PBSV, 498; Douglas Dunn, Terry Street (London: Faber and Faber, 1969), 55.
120. PBSV, 501; ‘Land Love’ from Douglas Dunn, Elegies (London: Faber and Faber, 1985), 47.
121. Douglas Dunn, Selected Poems (London: Faber and Faber, 1986), 9.
122. Douglas Dunn, Northlight (1988), 26 (‘Here and There’); Selected Poems, 126.
1. J. K. Rowling, introduction to Alexander McCall Smith et al., One City (Edinburgh: Polygon, 2005), 7.
2. Salman Rushdie, quoted in Andrew Downie, ‘Tears of Shalimar the Clown’, Scotsman, 27 August 2005, Festival 5.
3. James Kelman, Some Recent Attacks (Stirling: AK Press, 1992), 18.
4. Pink Floyd, The Wall (London: EMI, 1979).
5. James Kelman, Not Not While the Giro (Edinburgh: Polygon, 1983), 13.
6. James Kelman, The Busconductor Hines (Edinburgh: Polygon, 1984), 64.
7. Kelman, Attacks, 22.
8. Kelman in Sarah Lyall, ‘Novelist Speaks Up for his Language’, New York Times, 29 November 1994, C, 20.
9. Kelman, Busconductor, 30.
10. James Kelman, How Late It Was, How Late (London: Secker and Warburg, 1994), 107.
11. Kelman in New York Times, as note 8 above, C15–20.
12. Tom Leonard, Intimate Voices (Newcastle: Galloping Dog Press, 1984), 120.
13. James Kelman, Translated Accounts (London: Secker and Warburg, 2001), 300, 139.
14. Irvine Welsh, quoted in David Robinson, ‘Sins and Needles’, Scotsman, 3 December 2005, Critique, 4; and in Carl MacDougall, Writing Scotland (Edinburgh: Polygon, 2004), 127.
15. Irvine Welsh, ‘The First Day of the Edinburgh Festival’ in Hamish Whyte and Janice Galloway, ed., Scream, if You Want to Go Faster (Aberdeen: Association for Scottish Literary Studies, 1991), 145.
16. Irvine Welsh, Trainspotting (1993; rpt London: Minerva, 1994), 14–15.
17. Ibid., 55, 310.
18. Irvine Welsh, Porno (London: Cape, 2002), 323.
19. Welsh, Trainspotting, 30.
20. Alan Warner, ‘Biography of the Poet’, Verse, 11.1 (1994), 69.
21. Alan Warner, These Demented Lands (London: Cape, 1997), 49.
22. Frank Kermode, ‘Lager and Pernod’, London Review of Books, 22 August 2002, 29.
23. See review quotations in prelims and rear jacket of the Futura paperback editions of The Wasp Factory (1987) and Walking on Glass (1986).
24. Iain Banks, Espedair Street (1987; rpt London: Futura, 1988), 195.
25. Ibid., 138.
26. Ibid., 52, 24.
27. Ibid., 12.
28. Ian Rankin, ‘Back on the Beach’ in Robert Crawford, ed., The Book of St Andrews (Edinburgh: Polygon, 2005), 39.
29. Ian Rankin, ‘The Deliberate Cunning of Muriel Spark’ in Gavin Wallace and Randall Stevenson, ed., The Scottish Novel since the Seventies (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1993), 43, 49.
30. Ian J. Rankin, ‘An Afternoon’ in Alexander Scott and James Aitchison, ed., New Writing Scotland 2 (Aberdeen: Association for Scottish Literary Studies, 1984), 121.
31. Rankin, ‘The Deliberate Cunning’, 46.
32. Ian Rankin, Set in Darkness (London: Orion, 2000), 10.
33. PBSV, 484.
34. Spark in Rankin, ‘The Deliberate Cunning’, 51.
35. J. K. Rowling, ‘Harry and me’, Scotsman, 9 December 2002, Weekend, 1.
36. Ibid. and J. K. Rowling, ‘Introduction’ to Alexander McCall Smith et al., One City (Edinburgh: Polygon, 2005), 7–9.
37. J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (London: Bloomsbury, 1999), 66.
38. Rowling, quoted in Stephen McGinty, ‘Life after Harry’, Scotsman, 11 January 2006, 10.
39. P. D. James, The Lighthouse (London: Faber and Faber, 2005), 93.
40. Val McDermid, Clean Break (1995; rpt London: HarperCollins, 1996), 171.
41. Alan Spence, The Magic Flute (1990; rpt London: Black Swan, 1991), 147.
42. Brian McCabe, ‘Buddha’, Body Parts (Edinburgh: Canongate, 1999), 42.
43. Welsh, quoted on front cover of Ron Butlin, Night Visits (Edinburgh: Scottish Cultural Press, 1997).
44. Ronald Frame, Winter Journey (London: Bodley Head, 1984), 15; Sandmouth People (London: Bodley Head, 1987), 169.
45. Frame, Sandmouth People, 467.
46. Ronald Frame, Bluette (1990; rpt London: Sceptre, 1991), 96, 109, 85.
47. William Boyd, School Ties (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1985), 17–18.
48. William Boyd, Armadillo (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1998), 33.
49. McWilliam, quoted in MacDougall, Writing Scotland, 218; introduction to Spark, The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie (London: Penguin, 2000), xii–xiii.
50. Candia McWilliam, A Case of Knives (1988; rpt London: Abacus, 1992), 76, 64, 83.
51. McWilliam, introduction to Spark, v.
52. McWilliam, A Case, 151.
53. Candia McWilliam, A Little Stranger (1989; rpt London: Picador, 1990), 44, 98.
54. Candia McWilliam, Debatable Land (1994; rpt London: Picador, 1995), 26, 77, 103, 85, 135.
55. Liz Lochhead, ‘A Protestant Girlhood’ in Trevor Royle, ed., Jock Tamson’s Bairns (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1977), 116, 117, 121.
56. PBSV, 505 (Lochhead, Dreaming Frankenstein (Edinburgh: Polygon, 1984), 139).
57. Liz Lochhead, Mary Queen of Scots Got Her Head Chopped Off (London: Penguin, 1989), 11.
58. Liz Lochhead, Tartuffe (Edinburgh: Polygon, 1985), Introduction and 11.
59. Sue Glover, Bondagers, in Cairns Craig and Randall Stevenson, ed., Twentieth-century Scottish Drama (Edinburgh: Canongate, 2001), 689.
60. David Greig, ‘Europe’ & ‘The Architect’ (London: Methuen, 1996), 187, 161, 49, 72.
61. David Greig interviewed by Joan Bakewell for BBC Radio 3’s ‘Belief’ series, 27 December 2005. Earlier quotations are taken from this same interview.
62. Gregory Burke, Gagarin Way (London: Faber and Faber, 2001), 61.
63. Janice Galloway, The Trick is to Keep Breathing (Edinburgh: Polygon, 1989), 52.
64. Galloway in Peter Mason, ‘Treatment Needed by Psychiatric Hospitals’, Glasgow Herald, 22 October 1991, 16.
65. Galloway, Trick, 223.
66. Janice Galloway, Foreign Parts (London: Cape, 1994), 13, 35.
67. Galloway interviewed by Cristie L. March, Rewriting Scotland (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2002), 129.
68. Janice Galloway, Clara (London: Cape, 2002), 135, 150.
69. Andrew O’Hagan, Our Fathers (London: Faber and Faber, 1999), 144.
70. A. L. Kennedy, Paradise (London: Cape, 2004), 105, 19.
71. A. L. Kennedy, Night Geometry and the Garscadden Trains (1990; rpt London: Phoenix 1993), 110, 115, 119, 121.
72. A. L. Kennedy, Now That You’re Back (London: Cape, 1994), 221.
73. Kennedy in March, Rewriting, 145.
74. A. L. Kennedy, ‘Love Composition: The Solitary Vice’ in Robert Crawford, ed., Robert Burns and Cultural Authority (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1997), 38.
75. A. L. Kennedy, ‘Avoid the spinning plates’, Herald (Glasgow), 1 November 1996, 18.
76. A. L. Kennedy, Indelible Acts (London: Cape, 2002), 3.
77. Kennedy, Night Geometry, 118.
78. Alison Smith, ‘Four Success Stories’, Chapman, 74–5 (1993), 177–92.
79. Ali Smith, Hotel World (London: Hamish Hamilton, 2001), 39.
80. Ali Smith, The Accidental (London: Hamish Hamilton, 2005), 174, 15.
81. Smith, Hotel World, 51.
82. Heaney’s letter is reproduced in Srikanth Reddy, ed., From Poetry to Verse (Chicago: University of Chicago Library, 2005), Plate 15.
83. See Robert Crawford, The Modern Poet (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001).
84. Carol Ann Duffy, Selling Manhattan (London: Anvil, 1987), 19.
85. Carol Ann Duffy, Rapture (London: Picador, 2005), 3.
86. PBSV, 509; Duffy, Selling Manhattan, 58.
87. PBSV, 510; Carol Ann Duffy, Mean Time (London: Anvil, 1993), 52.
88. John Burnside, conversation with Robert Crawford, Kathleen Jamie and Don Paterson, recorded by Dave Batchelor at Dundee Contemporary Arts in 2005 in preparation for the making of the BBC Radio Scotland’s 2005 series The Panoramic Pen; unsourced remarks by John Burnside, Kathleen Jamie and Don Paterson quoted in the present chapter are from the same four-way interview-cum-conversation.
89. John Burnside, Living Nowhere (London: Cape, 2003), 134.
90. Burnside in Lawrence Wareing, ‘Here, There and Everywhere’, Herald (Glasgow), 5 February 2005, Books, 4.
91. John Burnside, The Hoop (Manchester: Carcanet, 1988), 17.
92. John Burnside, Common Knowledge (London: Cape, 1991), 36; The Asylum Dance (London: Cape, 2000), 6.
93. John Burnside in Hugh Macpherson, ‘Scottish Writers’, Scottish Book Collector, 11 (1989), 11; Burnside, Swimming in the Flood (London: Cape, 1995), 3.
94. PBSV, 511; Robin Robertson, A Painted Field (London: Picador, 1997), 18.
95. PBSV, 514; Robert Crawford and W. N. Herbert, Sharawaggi (Edinburgh: Polygon, 1990), 38.
96. Kinloch in Robert Crawford, ed., Other Tongues (St Andrews: Verse, 1990), 28.
97. The term was first used in print by Richard Price, ‘The Informationists’, Interference 1 (Oxford: Michael Gardiner, 1991), 11.
98. David Kinloch, In My Father’s House (Manchester: Carcanet, 2005), 87.
99. PBSV, 512–13; Meg Bateman, Aotromachd (Edinburgh: Polygon, 1997), 48–9.
100. Kathleen Jamie, Black Spiders (Edinburgh: Salamander, 1982), 27.
101. Kathleen Jamie, The Way We Live (Newcastle: Bloodaxe, 1987), 11.
102. Kathleen Jamie and Sean Mayne Smith, The Autonomous Region (Newcastle: Bloodaxe, 1993), 67, 78.
103. PBSV, 515–17; Kathleen Jamie, Mr and Mrs Scotland are Dead (Newcastle: Bloodaxe, 2002), 111–13.
104. Ibid., 137, 129.
105. Kathleen Jamie, Jizzen (London: Picador, 1999), 19, 26–7, 34, 37; PBSV, 517–19.
106. See note 88 above.
107. Kathleen Jamie, The Tree House (London: Picador 2004), 3–4.
108. Don Paterson, Nil Nil (London: Faber and Faber, 1993), 4, 7.
109. Ibid., 21.
110. Don Paterson, The Book of Shadows (London: Picador, 2004), 41.
111. Don Paterson, God’s Gift to Women (London: Faber and Faber, 1997), 53, 37.
112. Ibid., 15, 16, 17; PBSV, 520–22.
113. Don Paterson, The Eyes (London: Faber and Faber, 1999), 55, 38.
114. Don Paterson, Landing Light (London: Faber and Faber, 2003), 72, 74, 5.