Index
Missing Children and Unmarked Burials
For your reference, the terms that appear in the indexes of volumes of the report published online at http://nctr.ca/reports.php are listed below. Please use the search function on your eReading device to locate terms of interest in the text.
Aboriginal Affairs. See Indian Affairs (now Department of Indigenous and Northern Affairs)
abuse. See physical abuse; sexual abuse; individual schools
admission policies
Ahousat, BC, Ahousaht residential school (Presbyterian/United): dates, deaths, fires, fire safety, lack of
Akaitcho Hall, NWT. See Yellowknife, NWT, Akaitcho Hall
Aklavik, NWT, Aklavik Anglican/All Saints residential school, (Anglican)
Aklavik, NWT, Aklavik/Immaculate Conception (Catholic): dates
Alberni residential school, BC. See Port Alberni, BC, Alberni residential school (Presbyterian/United)
Alberta: hospital/cemetery memorial, residential school deaths, residential schools in IRSSA, residential schools not in IRSSA, school closures recommended, school inspection, tuberculosis
Alderwood, H. A. (church official)
Alert Bay, BC, St. Michael’s residential school, Alert Bay Girl’s Home/Boy’s Home (Anglican): building conditions, dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, punishment, runaways, sewage treatment
Alexander, Ambrose (student)
Allard, Father Joseph (principal)
All Hallows School, BC. See Yale, BC, All Hallows school (Anglican)
All Saints residential school, NWT. See Aklavik, NWT, Aklavik Anglican/All Saints residential school, (Anglican)
All Saints residential school, Sask. See Lac La Ronge, Sask., All Saints residential school (Anglican); Prince Albert, Sask., Prince Albert/St. Alban’s/All Saints/St. Barnabas residential school, Lac La Ronge (Anglican)
Amos, Que., Amos Student Residence, St-Marc Residence, St-Marc-de-Figuery (Catholic): dates
Anahim Lake school, BC (non-denominational)
Andrews, J. Eldon (principal)
Angin, Father (principal)
Anglican Church: confidential list of “unsuitable” staff, E.B. Bird investigation, information about abuse, Missionary Society of the Church of England, residential school food/funding, school closures recommended
Anglican schools. See individual schools
Antone, No. 70 (Kuper Island student)
Appikoki, Mary (student)
Archie, No. 96 (Kuper Island student)
Arviat, Nvt., Federal Hostel at Eskimo Point (non-denominational): dates
Ashton, Nelles (principal)
Assiniboia residential school, Man. See Winnipeg, Man., Assiniboia residential school (Catholic)
Assumption, Alta., Assumption/Our Lady Assumption/Hay Lakes residential school (Catholic): closure of, dates, sewage treatment
attendance, compulsory, See also enrolment
Audette, Justice L. A.
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)
Balcarres, Sask., File Hills residential school (Presbyterian/United Church): Brass, Eleanor, dates, deaths, fires, fire safety, lack of, tuberculin skin test
Baptist, John, No. 110 (Kuper Island student)
Baptiste Paul, No. 134 (Kuper Island student)
Baptist Indian School, YT. See Whitehorse, YT, Whitehorse Baptist Mission/Baptist Indian School, (Baptist)
Barrington, Eric (principal)
Barry, G. H. (Indian Affairs)
Basile, No. 94 (Kuper Island student)
Batiste, E. (student)
Battle, R. F. (Indian Affairs)
Battleford residential school, Sask. (Anglican): cemetery, Clarke, Rev. Thomas (principal), dates, fires, funding and administration of, Matheson, E. (principal), medical care, punishment, sewage treatment, water supply
BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin)
Bear, Mabel Crane (student)
Bear Chief, Billy (student)
Bears Direction, Louie (student)
Beauval, Sask., Beauval/Lac la Plonge/Île-à-la-Crosse residential school (Catholic): dates, deaths, fires, fire safety, lack of, Leroux, Paul
bedwetting
Bell, Dr. Gordon L. (physician)
Ben, Agnes (student)
Benson, Martin (Indian Affairs): building construction, funding for food and clothing, inspection of schools, lack of federal regulations, scrofulous students, students being “disciplined to death,”
Big Lake, Charlie (student)
Big Plume, Anna (student)
Big Road, Peter (student)
Bird, E. V. (principal)
Birtle residential school, Man. (Presbyterian): building conditions, closure, dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, McLaren, George (principal), punishment, runaways, Rusaw, N. W. (principal), sewage treatment, sexual abuse, tuberculosis, water supply
Bishop Horden Memorial School, Ont. See Moose Factory Island, Ont., Moose Factory Island/Moose Fort residential school, Bishop Horden Hall (Anglican)
Bjoranson, Dr. (physician)
Black Boy, Agnes (student)
Blake, Samuel (church official)
Blood Reserve schools, Cardston, Alta. See Cardston, Alta., St. Mary’s/Immaculate Conception; Cardston, Alta., St.Paul’s residential school
Blue Quills First Nations College
Blue Quills residential school, Alta. See Saddle Lake (later St. Paul), Alta., Blue Quills/Sacred Heart residential school (Catholic)
boarding schools. See residential schools
Boening, Rev. Henry (principal)
Boitano, Antonio (student)
Bompas Hall, NWT. See Fort Simpson, NWT, Bompas Hall (Anglican)
Bone Rib Medicine, Fred (student)
Bone Rib Medicine, John Harrington (student)
Brandon residential school, Man. (Methodist/United Church/Catholic): building conditions, cemetery, dates, deaths, fire safety, lack of, punishment, runaways, Semmens, John (principal), sewage treatment, Strapp, Oliver (principal), tuberculosis, water supply
Brantford, Ont., Mohawk Institute residential school (Anglican): aka Mush Hole, Ashton, Nelles (principal), dates, deaths, fires, fire safety, lack of, punishment, runaways, See also Graham, Elizabeth
Brass, Eleanor: I Walk in Two Worlds,
Breynat Hall, NWT. See Fort Smith, NWT, Breynat Hall (Catholic)
British Columbia: overenrolment of schools, residential school deaths, residential schools in IRSSA, residential schools not in IRSSA, school closures recommended, tuberculosis, vaccination (BCG)
Brocket, Alta., Peigan/St. Cyprian’s residential school, Queen Victoria’s Jubilee Home (Anglican): dates, deaths, enrolment, fires, fire safety, lack of, Gentleman, P. H. (school staff), Haynes, W. R. (principal), punishment, tuberculosis
Brocket, Alta., Sacred Heart (Catholic): dates, fire safety, lack of
Bryce, Dr. Peter (physician): Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, Report on the Indian Schools, The Story of a National Crime,
building conditions, See also fires; fire safety, lack of
burial policies and practices (Indian Affairs/churches)
burial sites. See cemeteries
Bury, H. J. (Indian Affairs)
Byers, E. W. (principal)
Cachagee, Michael (student)
Cairns, R. (Indian Affairs)
Calais, Alta., Sturgeon Lake/St. Francis Xavier residential school (Catholic): dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, tuberculosis, vaccinations at
Calf Robe, Mike (student)
Calgary, Alta., St. Dunstan school (Anglican): dates
Calls to Action
Camperville residential school, Man. See Pine Creek, Man., Pine Creek/Camperville residential school (Catholic)
Carcross, YT, Carcross/Chooulta/Forty Mile/Caribou Crossing residential school, Forty Mile boarding school (Anglican): dates, deaths, fires, Grant, H. C. (principal), punishment
Cardinal, William (student)
Cardston, Alta. (was NWT), St. Mary’s Mission Boarding School, Blood/Immaculate Conception residential school (Catholic): dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, forced attendance, living conditions at, punishment, Ruaux, E. (principal), runaways, Smith, Edwin (teacher), tuberculosis
Cardston, Alta. (was NWT), St. Paul’s Anglican residential school, Blood Reserve (Anglican): building conditions, dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, forced attendance, living conditions, medical care, runaways, tuberculosis
Cariboo residential school, BC. See Williams Lake, BC, Cariboo/Williams Lake residential school, Williams Lake Industrial School, St. Joseph’s Mission (Catholic)
Carlyle Reserve
Catholic Church: Indian Act (1951), information about abuse, opposition to school closure, overenrolment at residential schools, tuberculosis in the residential schools
Catholic schools. See individual schools
Cecilia Jeffrey residential school, Ont. See Kenora/Shoal Lake, Ont., Cecilia Jeffrey residential school (Presbyterian/United Church)
cemeteries: care of, after school closure, commemoration measures, ground inspections of, Indian Affairs knowledge of, locations of, maintenance of, people other than students in, recommendations, See also burial policies and practices (Indian Affairs/churches); deaths of students
ceremonies. See burial policies and practices; cemeteries; traditional practices
Chapleau, Ont., Chapleau/St. John’s residential school (Anglican): building conditions, dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, graves, students digging of, illnesses, Prewer, George (principal), punishment, runaways, Vale, A.J. (principal)
Charles Camsell Hospital, Edmonton, Alta.
Charles Garnier School for Boys, Ont. See Spanish, Ont. Spanish Girl’s/Boy’s School, St. Joseph’s/St. Peter’s/St. Anne’s residential school, Charles Garnier, formerly Wikwemikong Industrial School (Catholic)
Charlie, Ellen (student)
Charlie, Jane S. (student)
Charron, Adrian (principal)
Chesterfield Inlet, NWT (now Nvt.), Chesterfield Inlet residential school, Turquetil Hall (Catholic)
Chief Coroners and Medical Examiners of Canada
child labour
child welfare, See also physical abuse; sexual abuse; individual schools
Chilliwack/Sardis, BC, Coqualeetza Institute (Methodist/United Church): dates, fires, punishment, tuberculosis
Chooulta Indian residential school, YT. See Carcross, YT, Carcross/Chooulta residential school (Anglican)
Christie Indian residential school, BC. See Meares Island/Christie/Tofino, BC Christie/Clayoquot/Kakawis school (Catholic)
churches: abuse, failure to report, approach to discipline, awareness of inadequate care, compliance with discipline regulations, disciplinary policies, General Secretary of the Missionary Society (Anglican), Indian Work Investigation Commission, management of residential schools, orders-in-council, contracts, letters of instruction, principals appointed by, responsibilities and obligations, See also conflict between church and government
Churchill Vocational Centre, Man. (non-denominational): dates, fires
Claessen, Rev. P. (principal)
Clarke, Rev. Thomas (principal)
Claude, Charles (principal)
Clayoquot/Kakawis school, BC. See Meares Island/Christie/Tofino, BC Christie/Clayoquot/Kakawis school (Catholic)
Clearwater Lake school, Man. See The Pas, Man., Guy Hill residential school, Clearwater Lake, formerly Sturgeon Landing, Sask. (Catholic)
Clink, D. L. (Indian Affairs)
Cluny, Alta., Crowfoot residential school, St. Joseph’s, St. Trinité (Catholic): building conditions, Charron, Adrian (principal), dates of, fires, fire safety, lack of, punishment, Riou, J. (principal), tuberculosis
Commanda, Joseph (student)
commemoration measures. See cemeteries
confinement as punishment
conflict between church and government: closure of residential schools, excessive discipline, health screening of children before enrolment, overcrowding/enrolment, repairs to buildings
Constant, P. (Chief of The Pas Band)
contracts
Convent of Holy Angels residential school, Alta. See Fort Chipewyan, Alta., Convent of Holy Angels/Holy Angels/Our Lady of Victoria residential school, École des Saints-Anges (Catholic)
Cook, Henry (church official)
Coppermine Tent Hostel, Nvt. (Anglican): dates
Coqualeetza Institute, BC. See Chilliwack/Sardis, BC, Coqualeetza Institute (Methodist/United Church)
Corbett, Dr. F. L. (physician)
Côté, E. A. (Indian Affairs)
Cote Improved Federal Day School, Sask. See Kamsack, Sask., Cote Improved Federal Day School (United Church)
Couchiching First Nation
Coudert Hall, YT. See Whitehorse, YT, Coudert Hall (Catholic)
Cowessess residential school, Sask. See Grayson, Sask., Marieval/Cowessess residential school, Crooked Lake (Catholic)
Cranbrook, BC, Cranbrook/St. Eugene’s/Kootenay residential school (Catholic): cemetery, dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, medical care/sick children, punishment
Crane Bear, Mabel (student)
Cree Nations of Hobbema
Criminal Code,
Cristel Lake residential school, Ont. (Northern Light Gospel Mission): dates
Crocker, Abraham, No. 99 (Kuper Island student)
Crooked Lake school, Sask. See Grayson, Sask., Marieval/Cowessess residential school, Crooked Lake (Catholic)
Crosby Home for Girls, BC. See Port Simpson/Fort Simpson, BC, Crosby Home for Girls (Methodist/United Church)
Cross Lake, Man., Cross Lake/St. Joseph’s residential school, Norway House Roman Catholic residential school, Notre Dame/Jack River Hostel (Catholic): building conditions, dates, deaths, fires, fire safety, lack of, living conditions
Crowchief, James (student)
Crowfoot residential school, Alta. See Cluny, Alta., Crowfoot residential school, St. Joseph’s, St. Trinité (Catholic)
Crowstand residential school, Sask. See Kamsack, Sask., Crowstand residential school (Presbyterian)
Dagg, James (principal)
Daunt, Arthur O’N (Indian Affairs)
Dauphin, Man., McKay residential school (Anglican): anomalies in IRSSA list, dates, See also The Pas, Man., McKay residential school (Anglican)
Davey, R. F. (Indian Affairs)
Davis, R. S. (Indian Affairs)
Dawson City, YT, St. Paul’s Hostel (Anglican): dates
deaths of students: from accidents, from drowning, from exposure, from fires, from illness, from punishment or discipline, from suicide, by gender, locations at, other than schools, numbers, per province, per year, policy on reporting, rates, runaways, transportation costs, See also Named Register; Register of Deaths that Require Further Investigation; Unnamed Register; individual schools
Delmas, Sask., Thunderchild/Delmas residential school, St. Henri (Catholic): closure recommended, dates, fires, fire safety, lack of
Department of Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development. See Indian Affairs (now Department of Indigenous and Northern Affairs)
Department of Indigenous and Northern Affairs. See Indian Affairs (now Department of Indigenous and Northern Affairs)
Desmarais-Wabasca, Alta., Desmarais/Wabisca Lake residential school, St. Martins Boarding School, Wabisca Roman Catholic School (Catholic): cemetery, dates, living conditions
Dewdney, Edgar (Indian Affairs): instructions for Battleford industrial school, medical care at Qu’Appelle school
Dick, Dennis (student)
Dick, Louise, No. 81 (Kuper Island student)
discipline, church basis, church compliance with regulations after church compliance with regulations before complaints/court actions, Indian Affairs instructions (1895-1947), Indian Affairs lack of policy and consequences, Indian Affairs policy of See also punishment
disease. See illnesses; tuberculosis
documentation, missing or destroyed
Dominion Fire Commissioner
Dorey, George (church official)
Down, George (Indian Affairs)
Duck Lake, Sask., St. Michael’s/Duck Lake residential school (Catholic): dates, diphtheria, fires
Dunbow residential school, Alta. See High River, Alta., St Joseph’s/Dunbow/High River Industrial School (Catholic)
Durieu, Paul (church official)
École des Saints-Anges, Fort Chipewyan, Alta. See Fort Chipewyan, Alta., Convent of Holy Angels/Holy Angels/Our Lady of Victoria residential school, École des Saints-Anges (Catholic)
Edmonton, Alta., hospital. See Charles Camsell Hospital, Edmonton, Alta.
Edmonton, Alta., Youville/St. Albert’s residential school (Catholic): dates, fires
Edmonton (St. Albert), Alta., Edmonton residential school (now Poundmaker Lodge), (Methodist/United Church): abuse, cemetery, dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, listed with Red Deer School, tuberculosis, See also Red Deer Industrial school, Alta.
Education Act (Ont.)
Edward, No. 71 (Kuper Island student)
Elanik, Jack (student)
Elizabeth Long Memorial Home for Girls, BC. See Kitamaat, BC, Kitimaat residential school, Elizabeth Long Memorial Home for Girls (Methodist/United Church)
Elkhorn, Man., Elkhorn/Washakada Indian residential school (Anglican): dates, fires, fire safety, lack of
Emile Keith, No. 108 (Kuper Island student)
Emmanuel College, Sask. See Prince Albert, Sask., Emmanuel College (Anglican)
enrolment: annual figures, deaths as a percentage of, enforced, health-related, over capacity, regulations about, reporting of, See also attendance, compulsory
epidemics. See influenza; tuberculosis
Ermineskin residential school, Alta. See Hobbema, Alta., Ermineskin residential school (Catholic)
Eshkibok, Josephine (student)
Fahey, Joseph (student)
federal government: conflict with churches, See also Indian Affairs (now Department of Indigenous and Northern Affairs)
Federal Hostel at Baker Lake, Nvt. See Qamani’tuaq/Quamanittuaq, Nvt., Federal Hostel at Baker Lake (non-denominational)
Federal Hostel at Belcher Islands, Nvt. See Sanikiluaq, Nvt., Federal Hostel at Belcher Islands (non-denominational)
Federal Hostel at Broughton Island, Nvt. See Qikiqtarjuaq, Nvt., Federal Hostel at Broughton Island (non-denominational)
Federal Hostel at Cape Dorset, Nvt. See Kinngait, Nvt., Federal Hostel at Cape Dorset (non-denominational)
Federal Hostel at Eskimo Point, BC. See Arviat, Nvt., Federal Hostel at Eskimo Point (nondenominational)
Federal Hostel at Frobisher Bay/Ukkivik, Nvt. See Iqaluit, Nvt., Federal Hostel at Frobisher Bay/Ukkivik (non-denominational)
Federal Hostel at George River, Que. See Kangirsualujjuaq/Fort George, Que., Federal Hostel at George River (non-denominational)
Federal Hostel at Great Whale River/Postede-la-Baleine, Que. See Kuujjuaraapik/Whapmagoostui, Que., Federal Hostel at Great Whale River/Poste-de-la-Baleine (nondenominational)
Federal Hostel at Igloolik/Iglulik, Nvt. See Igloolik/Iglulik, Nvt., Federal Hostel at Igloolik/Iglulik (non-denominational)
Federal Hostel at Lake Harbour, Nvt. See Kimmirut, Nvt., Federal Hostel at Lake Harbour (non-denominational)
Federal Hostel at Pangnirtung/Panniqtuuq, Nvt. See Pangnirtung/Panniqtuuq, Nvt., Federal Hostel at Pangnirtung/Panniqtuuq (nondenominational)
Federal Hostel at Payne Bay, Bellin, Qu. See Kangirsuk, Que. Federal Hostel at Payne Bay, Bellin (non-denominational)
Federal Hostel at Pond Inlet/Mittimatalik, Nvt. See Mittimatalik, Nvt., Federal Hostel at Pond Inlet/Mittimatalik (non-denominational)
Federal Hostel at Port Harrison/Inoucdjouc, Que. See Inukjuak, Que., Federal Hostel at Port Harrison/Inoucdjouc (nondenominational)
Felix, No. 72 (Kuper Island student)
Ferguson, Dr. George (physician)
Ferrier, Russell T. (Indian Affairs)
File Hills residential school, Sask. See Balcarres, Sask., File Hills residential school (Presbyterian/United Church)
fires: cemetery damage from, deaths from, deliberately set, regulations concerning, school buildings damaged by, school buildings destroyed by, school outbuildings destroyed by, See also individual schools
fire safety, lack of, alarms, escapes, locked doors, hazardous buildings, limited firefighting capacity, recommendations/responses, regulations, See also individual schools
Fleming Hall, NWT. See Fort McPherson, NWT, Fort McPherson residential school, Fleming Hall, (Anglican)
food deprivation as punishment
food/diet, See also health care; illnesses; individual schools
food relief withheld from bands
Forget, Amédée E. (Indian Affairs)
Fort Albany, Ont., St. Anne’s residential school (Catholic): dates, deaths, fires, runaways
Fort Alexander residential school, Man. See Pine Falls, Man., Fort Alexander residential school (Catholic)
Fort Chipewyan, Alta., Convent of Holy Angels/Holy Angels/Our Lady of Victoria residential school, École des Saints-Anges (Catholic): dates, fire safety, lack of
Fort Frances, Ont., Fort Frances/St. Margaret’s residential school (Catholic): building conditions, cemetery, dates, fire safety, lack of
Fort Franklin Hostel, NWT (nondenominational): dates
Fort George, Que., Fort George/St. Phillips residential school (Anglican): dates, death, fires, fire safety, lack of
Fort George, Que., St. Joseph’s Mission, Residence Couture, Sainte-Thérèse-del’Enfant-Jésus (Catholic): dates, fires
Fort George Hostels, Que., (Nondenominational): dates
Fort McPherson, NWT, Fort McPherson residential school, Fleming Hall, (Anglican): dates, fire safety, lack of
Fort Pelly, Sask. See Kamsack/Fort Pelly, Sask., St. Phillips residential school (Catholic)
Fort Providence, NWT, Fort Providence Boarding Home, Providence Mission residential school, Sacred Heart (Catholic): building conditions, cemetery, dates, fire safety, lack of
Fort Qu’Appelle Sanatorium
Fort Resolution, NWT, Fort Resolution/St. Joseph’s residential school (Catholic): dates, deaths, fires
Fort Resolution school, NWT, (Anglican)
Fort St. James, BC, Stuart Lake school (Catholic): Allard, Father Joseph (principal), dates, influenza, sewage treatment
Fort Simpson, NWT, Bompas Hall (Anglican): dates
Fort Simpson, NWT, Lapointe Hall (Catholic): dates
Fort Smith, NWT, Breynat Hall (Catholic): dates
Fort Smith, NWT, Grandin College (Catholic): dates
Fort Vermilion, Alta., Fort Vermilion/St. Henry’s residential school (Catholic): closure of, dates
Fort William (now Thunder Bay), Ont., Fort William residential school, St. Joseph’s Boarding School (Catholic): dates, fires
Fort William Sanatorium
Forty Mile boarding/residential school, YT. See Carcross, YT, Carcross/Chooulta residential school (Anglican)
Francis (student)
Francis, Alec (student)
Francis, No. 83 (Kuper Island student)
Francis, No. 102 (Kuper Island student)
Frank, No. 85 (Kuper Island student)
Frank, No. 109 (Kuper Island student)
Fraser Lake, BC, Lejac residential school (Catholic): dates, deaths, fires, fire safety, lack of, living conditions, medical care/illnesses, runaways, sewage treatment, Tuck, T. H.
Frayling, R. W. (principal)
funding: burial sites search, burials of students, contracts, church and government, health care, inadequacy of, increases and decreases to schools, jurisdictional disagreements on, Métis students, runaways search, See also Indian Affairs (now Department of Indigenous and Northern Affairs); transportation, funding of
Gagnon, H. A. R. (RCMP)
Garden River school, Ont. See Sault Ste. Marie, Ont., Shingwauk residential school, Wawanosh Home (Anglican)
gender, deaths categorized by
Gentleman, P. H. (school staff)
Gladstone, James (student)
Glasgow, Joe (student)
Gleichen, Alta., Old Sun’s/North Camp residential school, White Eagle’s/Short Robe boarding school (Anglican): dates, death rates, deaths, fires, fire safety, lack of, medical care, runaways
Gordon, Andrew (student)
Gordon/Gordon’s Reserve residential school, Sask. See Punnichy, Sask., Gordon/Gordon’s Reserve residential school (Anglican)
Gould, S. (church official)
government. See federal government; Indian Affairs (now Department of Indigenous and Northern Affairs)
Graham, Elizabeth: Mush Hole,
Graham, W. M. (Indian Affairs)
Grandin College, NWT. See Fort Smith, NWT, Grandin College (Catholic)
Grandjambe, Jonas (student)
Grant, H. C. (principal)
Grassy Narrows Reserve
graves, students digging of
gravesites. See cemeteries
Grayson, Sask., Marieval/Cowessess residential school, Crooked Lake (Catholic): cemetery, dates, fires, fire safety, lack of
Grey Nuns
Grollier Hall. See Inuvik, NWT, Grollier Hall, Inuvik Roman Catholic residential school (Catholic)
Grouard, Alta., St. Bernard’s/Grouard/Lesser Slave Lake residential school (Catholic): dates, fires
Guy, Bishop (church official)
Guy Hill residential school, Man. See The Pas, Man., Guy Hill residential school, Clearwater Lake, formerly Sturgeon Landing, Sask. (Catholic)
Haines, Christine (student)
hair cutting as punishment
“Half-breed” children
Hamilton, A. G. (Indian Affairs)
Hay Lakes residential school, Alta. See Assumption, Alta., Assumption/Our Lady Assumption/Hay Lakes residential school (Catholic)
Haynes, W. R. (principal)
Hay River, NWT, St. Peter’s residential school (Anglican): dates
health care: funding cuts, inadequacy of, policies and regulations, tent hospitals, See also illnesses; influenza; nutrition; tuberculosis; tuberculosis crisis
High River, Alta., St Joseph’s/Dunbow/High River Industrial School (Catholic): bodies of students exposed, cemetery, Claude, Charles (principal), dates, discipline, funding, instructions for operation of, Lacombe, Albert (principal), medical care, Riou, J. (principal)
Hobbema, Alta., Ermineskin residential school (Catholic): dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, Remembering the Children Society, runaways
Hoey, R. A. (Indian Affairs)
Holy Angels school, Fort Chipewyan, Alta. See Fort Chipewyan, Alta., Convent of Holy Angels/Holy Angels/Our Lady of Victoria residential school, École des Saints-Anges (Catholic)
Honouring the Truth, Reconciling for the Future(Truth and Reconciliation Commission)
hospitals, deaths at, Houle, Mr. and Mrs. Matthew (parents)
Hugonnard, Joseph (principal)
humiliation of students
Hunter, Charles (student)
Igloolik/Iglulik, Nvt., Federal Hostel at Igloolik/Iglulik (non-denominational): dates
Île-à-la-Cross school, Sask. See Beauval, Sask., Beauval/Lac la Plonge/Île-à-la-Crosse residential school (Catholic)
illnesses, See also deaths of students; health care; influenza; tuberculosis
Immaculate Conception residential school, Alta. See Cardston, Alta. (was NWT), St. Mary’s Mission Boarding School, Blood/Immaculate Conception residential school (Catholic)
Immaculate Conception school, NWT. See Aklavik, NWT, Aklavik/Immaculate Conception (Catholic)
Independent Assessment Process (IAP)
Indian Act: federal regulations compared to provincial, Regulations with Respect to Teaching, Education, Inspection, and Discipline for Indian Residential Schools (1953), revisions and amendments
Indian Affairs (now Department of Indigenous and Northern Affairs): annual reports from principals, caution list, closure of schools instead of repair, day schools versus residential schools, disciplinary excesses at schools, discipline policies, documents destroyed, Duncan Scott history of, field manual, fire protection policies, health-related admission policies, Hoey’s circular on discipline (1937), Hoey’s report on building conditions, management of schools takeover in Neary’s memorandum on discipline (1947), orders-in-council, contracts, letters of instruction, Phelan’s policy on discipline (1953), Reed’s instructions on discipline (1895), regulatory tools, reports, Scott’s directive on discipline (1922), See also funding; Indian Act; policies; regulations; standards of care
Indian agents: concerns about building safety, concerns about disciplinary excess, instructions, fire safety, instructions, general, instructions, health care, instructions, truancy, instructions, use of RCMP, responsibilities, See also individual names
Indian and Northern Health Services
Indian Residential Schools (IRS). See Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement (IRSSA); residential schools
Indian Residential Schools Resolution Canada
Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement (IRSSA)
Indian School Days (Johnston)
industrial schools. See residential schools; individual schools
influenza, See also health care; illnesses
Inuit tuberculosis crisis
Inukjuak, Que., Federal Hostel at Port Harrison/Inoucdjouc (non-denominational): dates
Inuvik, NWT, Grollier Hall, Inuvik Roman Catholic residential school (Catholic): dates, Leroux, Paul, sexual abuse
Inuvik, NWT, Stringer Hall, Inuvik Anglican residential school (Anglican): dates
investigations: as formality, inadequacy of, See also discipline; sexual abuse; truancy
Iqaluit, Nvt., Federal Hostel at Frobisher Bay/Ukkivik (non-denominational): dates
Iravis, Robert, No. 114 (Kuper Island student)
Irene Training Institute, Alta. See Vermilion Lake, Alta., Irene Training Institute (Anglican)
IRS (Indian Residential Schools). See Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement (IRSSA); residential schools
IRSSA. See Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement
Irwin, J. K. (principal)
Jack, John (student)
Jack River Hostel, Cross Lake, Man. See Cross Lake, Man., Cross Lake/St. Joseph’s residential school, Norway House Roman Catholic residential school, Notre Dame/Jack River Hostel (Catholic)
Jacob, Christina (student)
James Smith Reserve Day School, Sask. See Bird, E.V. (principal)
Jeannin, No. 82 (Kuper Island student)
John Baptist, No. 110 (Kuper Island student)
Joseph, Beverly (student)
Joseph, Patricia Marilyn (student)
Joussard, Alta., Joussard/St. Bruno’s residential school (Catholic): dates, fires, fire safety, lack of
Jubinville, Ralph (school staff)
Kahnawake reserve
Kakawis residential school, BC. See Meares Island/Christie/Tofino, BC Christie/Clayoquot/Kakawis school (Catholic)
Kakekayash, Helen (student)
Kamloops residential school, BC (Catholic): building conditions, current facility, dates, deaths, fires, fire safety, lack of, Noonan, Allan (principal), punishment, tuberculosis
Kamsack, Sask., Cote Improved Federal Day School (United Church): dates
Kamsack, Sask., Crowstand residential school (Presbyterian): dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, punishment, sewage treatment, sexual abuse
Kamsack/Fort Pelly, Sask., St. Phillips residential school (Catholic): dates, fires, physical abuse at
Kangirsualujjuaq/Fort George, Que., Federal Hostel at George River (nondenominational): dates
Kangirsuk, Que. Federal Hostel at Payne Bay, Bellin (non-denominational): dates
Keesick, Roderick (student)
Keewatin, Wesley (student)
Keewatin Richards, Lyle (student)
Keg, Ada (student)
Keith, Emile, No. 108 (Kuper Island student)
Kenora, Ont., St. Mary’s (formerly St. Anthony’s) residential school (Catholic): building conditions, dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, illnesses at, living conditions, punishment, runaways, sewage treatment
Kenora/Shoal Lake, Ont., Cecilia Jeffrey residential school (Presbyterian/United Church): Andrews, J. Eldon (principal), building conditions, Byers, E. W. (principal), cemetery, dates, deaths, discipline policies at, fires, fire safety, lack of, medical care, move to Round Lake, punishment, runaways, sewage treatment
Kerr, W. (RCMP)
Kimmirut, Nvt., Federal Hostel at Lake Harbour (non-denominational): dates
Kinngait, Nvt., Federal Hostel at Cape Dorset (non-denominational): dates
Kioki, Charles (student)
Kioki, John (student)
Kitamaat, BC, Kitimaat residential school, Elizabeth Long Memorial Home for Girls (Methodist/United Church): closure recommended, dates, fire
Knowledge Keepers
Koch, Robert (researcher)
Kootenay residential school, BC. See Cranbrook, BC, Cranbrook/St. Eugene’s/Kootenay residential school (Catholic)
Kuper Island residential school, BC (Catholic): building conditions, Claessen, Rev. P. (principal), Conduct Book, dates, deaths, fires, fire safety, lack of, medical care, punishment for stealing food, runaways, sewage treatment, sexual abuse, tuberculosis
Kuujjuaraapik/Whapmagoostui, Que., Federal Hostel at Great Whale River/Poste-de-la-Baleine (non-denominational): dates
Lac La Biche, Alta., Lac La Biche school, Notre Dame des Victoires (Catholic): cemetery, dates, heritage park at, move to Saddle Lake, See also Saddle Lake (later St. Paul), Alta., Blue Quills/Sacred Heart residential school (Catholic)
Lac la Plonge school, Sask. See Beauval, Sask., Beauval/Lac la Plonge/Île-à-la-Crosse residential school (Catholic)
Lac La Ronge, Sask., All Saints residential school (Anglican): dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, move to Prince Albert, See also Prince Albert, Sask., Prince Albert/St. Alban’s/All Saints/St. Barnabas residential school, Lac La Ronge (Anglican)
Lacombe, Albert (principal)
Lacore, Catherine (parent)
Lafferty, Albert (community member)
Lafond, Wendy (student)
Lahache, Anna (student)
Laidlaw, Sara (school staff)
Laird, David (Indian Affairs)
Lapointe Hall, Que. See Fort Simpson, NWT, Lapointe Hall (Catholic)
Large, Louise (student)
La Tuque residential school, Que. (Anglican): dates
LeBleu, G. (church official)
LeBret, Sask., Lebret/Qu’Appelle residential school, St. Paul’s, Whitecalf (Catholic): cemetery, closure, dates, deaths, fires, fire safety, lack of, funding, Hugonnard, Joseph (principal), instructions for operation, Leonard, G. (principal), medical care, sewage treatment, sexual abuse, tuberculosis
Lefthand, Mary (student)
legislation, See also Indian Act; policies; regulations
Lejac Indian residential school, BC. See Fraser Lake, BC, Lejac residential school (Catholic)
Leonard, G. (principal)
Leroux, Paul (school staff)
Lesser Slave Lake, Alta., Lesser Slave Lake/St. Peter’s residential school (Anglican): dates
Lesser Slave Lake residential school, Alta. See Grouard, Alta., St. Bernard’s/Grouard/Lesser Slave Lake residential school (Catholic); Lesser Slave Lake, Alta., Lesser Slave Lake/St. Peter’s residential school (Anglican)
Lestock, Sask., Muscowequan residential school, Muskowekwan, Touchwood (Catholic): cemetery at, dates, fires, living conditions, runaways
letters of instruction, from federal government
Leyland, J. H. (Indian Affairs)
Library and Archives Canada
Lightning, Albert (student)
Little Axe, Susie Ann (student)
living conditions: air and floor space, heating, overcrowding, sewage disposal, standards of, water supply, See also building conditions; nutrition; tuberculosis
Louis Dick, No. 81 (Kuper Island student)
Lower Post residential school, BC (Catholic): dates, fire safety, lack of, sexual abuse
Lucas, John (student)
Lytton, BC, Lytton/St. George’s residential school (Anglican): fire safety, lack of, punishment, runaways, sexual abuse
Mac. See also Mc
MacInnes, T. R. L. (Indian Affairs)
Mackay, D. M. (Indian Affairs)
Mackay, J. P. (principal)
Major, Leonard (student)
Maliotenam residential school, Que. SeeSept-Îles, Que., Sept-Îles/Seven Islands/Notre Dame/Maliotenam residential school (Catholic)
Manitoba: child apprehension without notice, Public Schools Act (1954), residential school deaths, residential schools in IRSSA, residential schools not in IRSSA, school closures recommended, school inspection, tuberculosis
Manitoulin Island school, Ont. See Wikwemikong/Manitoulin Island school, Ont. (Catholic)
Many Good, Susie (student)
Many Tail Feathers, Nora (student)
Many Times Going, Charlie (student)
Many Times Going In, Jessie (student)
Marcoux, G. H. (Indian Affairs)
Marieval residential school, Sask. See Grayson, Sask., Marieval/Cowessess residential school, Crooked Lake (Catholic)
Marlatt, Dr. D. C. (physician)
Matheson, E. (principal)
Matinas, Albert (student)
Matinas, Michael (student)
Matinas, Michel (student)
Matthew, Clarina (student)
Maurice, Justa (student)
McDougall Orphanage, Alta. See Morley, Alta., McDougall Orphanage
McGibbon, Alex (Indian Affairs)
McGill, Harold (Indian Affairs)
McIntosh residential school, Ont. (Catholic): dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, living conditions, sewage treatment, tuberculosis
McKay residential school, Man. See Dauphin, Man., McKay residential school (Anglican); The Pas, Man., McKay residential school
McKim, W. (Indian Affairs)
McKinnon, J. W. (Indian Affairs)
McLaren, George (principal)
McLean, J. D. (Indian Affairs): absence of regulations for principals, funding of student burials/transportation, health-care admission policies, medical care at Chapleau school, recommendation of discharge of Principal Bird
Meares Island/Christie/Tofino, BC Christie/Clayoquot/Kakawis school (Catholic): dates, fire safety, lack of
Merasty, Gary (politician)
Métis Nation of Alta.
Métis students
Metlakatla school, BC (Anglican): dates
Middlechurch, Man., St. Paul’s residential school, Rupert’s Land (Anglican): Dagg, James (principal), dates, deaths, fires, medical care, punishment, sexual abuse
milk
Missing Children and Unmarked Burials Project
Mission, BC, St. Mary’s/Mission residential school (Catholic): building conditions, cemetery, dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, living conditions, medical care, sewage treatment
mission schools. See individual schools
Mistassini Hostels, Que. (non-denominational): dates
Mittimatalik, Nvt., Federal Hostel at Pond Inlet/Mittimatalik (non-denominational): dates
Mohawk Institute residential school, Ont. See Brantford, Ont., Mohawk Institute residential school
Moine, Louise: My Life in a Residential School,
Montour, Enos (student)
Moore, P. E. (Indian Affairs)
Moore, R. H. (Indian Affairs)
Moose Factory Island, Ont., Moose Factory Island/Moose Fort residential school, Bishop Horden Hall (Anglican): cemetery, dates, fire safety, lack of, runaways, sewage system, Thompson, Gilbert (principal)
Moose Fort residential school, Ont. See Moose Factory Island, Ont., Moose Factory Island/Moose Fort residential school, Bishop Horden Hall (Anglican)
Morley, Alta., McDougall Orphanage (Methodist): cemetery at, dates
Morley, Alta., Morley Indian residential school, Stony (Methodist/United Church): closure, dates, discipline policies, fires, fire safety, lack of, sewage system, sexual abuse
Mount Elgin residential school, Ont. See Munceytown, Ont., Muncey/Mount Elgin/St. Thomas residential school (Methodist/United Church)
Munceytown, Ont., Muncey/Mount Elgin/St. Thomas residential school (Methodist/United Church): dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, medical care, runaways, sewage system, Strapp, Oliver (principal), tuberculosis at
Mush Hole. See Brantford, Ont., Mohawk Institute residential school (Anglican)
Mush Hole: Graham, Elizabeth
Muskowekwan residential school, Sask. See Lestock, Sask., Muscowequan residential school, Muskowekwan, Touchwood (Catholic)
Named Register
National Association of Principals and Administrators of Indian Residences
National Building Code
National Fire Code
National Research Council (NRC)
National Residential School Student Death Register
Neary, Bernard F. (Indian Affairs)
Neilsen, Erik (politician)
Nelson, John (principal)
Nepinak, Albert (student)
Nolie, Alfred
Noonan, Father Allan (principal)
North Camp school, Alta. See Gleichen, Alta., Old Sun’s/North Camp residential school, White Eagle’s/Short Robe boarding school (Anglican)
Northern Light Gospel Mission schools. See individual schools
North Vancouver, BC, Squamish/St. Paul’s/St. Francis residential school (Catholic): closure, dates, fire safety, lack of
Northwest Territories: child apprehension without notice, residential school deaths, residential schools in IRSSA, residential schools not in IRSSA, school inspection
Norway House, Man., Norway House United Church residential school (Methodist/United Church): building conditions, dates, fires, living conditions
Norway House Roman Catholic residential school, Man. See Cross Lake, Man., Cross Lake/St. Joseph’s residential school, Norway House Roman Catholic residential school, Notre Dame/Jack River Hostel (Catholic)
Notre Dame des Victoires, Lac la Biche, Alta. See Lac La Biche, Alta., Lac La Biche school, Notre Dame des Victoires (Catholic)
Notre Dame Hostel, Man. See Cross Lake, Man., Cross Lake/St. Joseph’s residential school, Norway House Roman Catholic residential school, Notre Dame/Jack River Hostel (Catholic)
Nova Scotia: residential school deaths, residential schools in IRSSA, See also Shubenacadie, NS, Shubenacadie/St. Anne’s residential school (Catholic)
Nunavut Territory: residential school deaths, residential schools in IRSSA
nutrition, See also health care; illnesses
Ochapowace, Percy
Ogoki, Ont.
Old Sun’s residential school, Alta. See Gleichen, Alta., Old Sun’s/North Camp residential school, White Eagle’s/Short Robe boarding school (Anglican)
Oliver, Frank (Indian Affairs)
Ombash, Tom and Charles (students)
Onion Lake, Sask., Onion Lake/St. Barnabas residential school (Anglican): dates, fires, medical care, moved to St. Alban’s College, Prince Albert, Sask., punishment, tuberculosis, See also Prince Albert, Sask., Prince Albert/St. Alban’s/All Saints/St. Barnabas residential school, Lac La Ronge (Anglican)
Onion Lake, Sask., St. Anthony’s/Onion Lake Roman Catholic residential school, Sacred Heart (Catholic): dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, punishment, tuberculosis
Ontario: Education Act (1891), residential school deaths, residential schools in IRSSA, residential schools not in IRSSA, school inspection
Ontario Tuberculosis Control Division
orders-in-council, contracts, letters of instruction
orphans
Our Lady Assumption school, Alta. See Assumption, Alta., Assumption/Our Lady Assumption/Hay Lakes residential school (Catholic)
Our Lady of Victoria residential school, Alta. See Fort Chipewyan, Alta., Convent of Holy Angels/Holy Angels/Our Lady of Victoria residential school, École des Saints-Anges (Catholic)
Owen, Rev.
Pangnirtung/Panniqtuuq, Nvt., Federal Hostel at Pangnirtung/Panniqtuuq (nondenominational): dates
parents: and burial of their children, complained on behalf of their children, forced to enrol children, uninformed about children’s health/death
Patrick, Allen (student)
Paul, Andrew (student)
Paul Baptiste, No. 134 (Kuper Island student)
Paul First Nation
Paul Robert, No. 101 (Kuper Island student)
Peawanuck First Nation
Peechow, George (student)
Peepeekisis Reserve
Peigan residential school, Alta. See Brocket, Alta., Peigan/St. Cyprian’s residential school, Queen Victoria’s Jubilee Home (Anglican)
Pelican Lake/Pelican Falls residential school, Ont. See Sioux Lookout, Ont., Pelican Lake/Pelican Falls residential school (Anglican)
Perry, C. C. (Indian Affairs)
Phelan, Philip (Indian Affairs)
physical abuse, See also punishment; sexual abuse
Pine Creek, Man., Pine Creek/Camperville residential school (Catholic): building conditions, dates, deaths, fires, runaways
Pine Falls, Man., Fort Alexander residential school (Catholic): building conditions, dates, fire safety, lack of, runaways
pneumonia
police: failure to act, forced enrolment, “police powers,” restricted use of, search for runaways, as truant officers
policies: burial practices, cemeteries, discipline, fire, health-related admissions, runaways, search for, sick children, truancy, unlocked fire exits, See also Indian Affairs; regulations
Poplar Hill, Ont., Poplar Hill development school (Northern Light Gospel Mission): dates, discipline at
Portage la Prairie residential school, Man. (Presbyterian/United Church): building conditions, dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, Laidlaw, Sara (school staff), punishment, runaways
Port Alberni, BC, Alberni residential school (Presbyterian/United): dates, fire-related issues, fires
Port Simpson/Fort Simpson, BC, Crosby Home for Girls (Methodist/United Church): dates, fires, fire safety, lack of
Poundmaker, Alta. See Edmonton (St. Albert), Alta., Edmonton residential school (now Poundmaker Lodge), (Methodist/United Church)
Prentice, James (politician)
Prewer, George (principal)
Prince Albert, Sask., Emmanuel College (Anglican): dates
Prince Albert, Sask., Prince Albert/St. Alban’s/All Saints/St. Barnabas residential school, Lac La Ronge (Anglican): dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, punishment, students transferred to, from Onion Lake
principals: brief from national association on requests for funding, complaints against, and discipline guidelines/policies, and fire safety, health-related school admissions, reports of student deaths, responsibilities, underfunding and poor diets, See also punishment; regulations; individual names; individual schools
protestant churches: Indian Act (1951), reduction of schools, residential school food/funding
Providence Mission residential school, NWT. See Fort Providence, NWT, Fort Providence Boarding Home, Providence Mission residential school, Sacred Heart (Catholic)
Public Schools Act (Man., 1954)
Pugh, J. E. (Indian Affairs)
punishment: confinement, examples of excess, food deprivation, haircutting, use of implement, See also discipline; individual schools
Punnichy, Sask., Gordon/Gordon’s Reserve residential school (Anglican): dates, deaths, fires, Frayling, R. W. (principal), Irwin, J. K. (principal), punishment, runaways, sexual abuse
Qamani’tuaq/Quamanittuaq, Nvt., Federal Hostel at Baker Lake (non-denominational): dates
Qikiqtarjuaq, Nvt., Federal Hostel at Broughton Island (non-denominational): dates
Qu’Appelle Indian Demonstration Health Unit
Qu’Appelle residential school, Sask. See LeBret, Sask., Lebret/Qu’Appelle residential school, St. Paul’s, Whitecalf (Catholic)
Québec: residential school deaths, residential schools in IRSSA, school inspection
Queen Victoria’s Jubilee Home, Alta. See Brocket, Alta., Peigan/St. Cyprian’s residential school, Queen Victoria’s Jubilee Home (Anglican)
Rampart House, YT
Ramsden, J. G. (inspector)
Raw Eater, Belinda (student)
Raw Eater, Fanny
Red Deer Industrial school, Alta. (Methodist): anomalies in listing, cemetery, ceremony at, dates, deaths, fires, medical care/illnesses, Nelson, John (principal), punishment, runaways, sewage system, Woodsworth, J.F. (principal), See also Edmonton (St. Albert), Alta., Edmonton residential school
Red Deer Museum and Art Gallery
Reddish Gun, Minnie (student)
Red Old Man, Gertie (student)
Reed, Hayter (Indian Affairs)
Regina residential school, Sask. (Presbyterian): cemetery with, dates, fire safety, lack of, medical care, sewage system
Register of Confirmed Deaths of Named residential school Students. See Named Register
Register of Deaths that Require Further Investigation
registers (of deaths), See also Named Register
regulations: absence of, communication of, enforcement, lack of, federal vs provincial, standards of care, Regulations Relating to the Education of Indian Children (1908), Regulations With Respect to Teaching, Education, Inspection, and Discipline for Indian residential schools (1953). See also Indian Act; policies
Remembering the Children Society
Residence Couture, Fort George, Que. See Fort George, Que., St. Joseph’s Mission, Residence Couture, Sainte-Thérèse-de-l’Enfant-Jésus (Catholic)
residential schools: boarding, classification of, closure, dates, enrolment figures, Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement (IRSSA), listed in, Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement (IRSSA), not listed in, industrial, definitions of, numbers of, compared to death rates of students, See also attendance, compulsory; cemeteries; deaths of students; enrolment; fires; individual schools
residential school staff. See principals; individual names; individual schools
Riou, J. (principal)
Robert Iravis, No. 114 (Kuper Island student)
Robert Paul, No. 101 (Kuper Island student)
Robertson, Jennie (student)
Robertson, Thomas (Indian Affairs)
Ross, R. J. (principal)
Ross, Sam (student)
Round Lake residential school, Sask. (Presbyterian/United Church): dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, medical care, Ross, R. J. (principal), runaways
Royal Canadian Mounted Police. See police
Ruaux, E. (principal)
runaways: fire escape routes, flogging, hospitalisation, nutrition, records, rescue, search for, See also deaths of students; punishment; truancy; individual schools
Run Rabbit, Alice (student)
Rupert’s Land school, Man. See Middlechurch, Man., St. Paul’s residential school, Rupert’s Land (Anglican)
Rusaw, N. W. (principal)
Sacred Heart School, Brocket, Alta. See Brocket, Alta., Sacred Heart (Catholic)
Sacred Heart School, Fort Providence, NWT. See Fort Providence, NWT, Fort Providence Boarding Home, Providence Mission residential school, Sacred Heart (Catholic)
Sacred Heart School, Onion Lake, Sask. See Onion Lake, Sask., St. Anthony’s/Onion Lake Roman Catholic residential school, Sacred Heart (Catholic)
Saddle Lake (later St. Paul), Alta., Blue Quills/Sacred Heart residential school (Catholic): closure, dates, deaths, fires, funding of by Indian Affairs, influenza, moved to St. Paul, Alta., punishment, Tuck, T. H.
Saddle Lake Cree First Nation
St. Alban’s residential school, Prince Albert, Sask. See Prince Albert, Sask., Prince Albert/St. Alban’s/All Saints/St. Barnabas residential school, Lac La Ronge (Anglican)
St. Albert’s Aboriginal Cemetery
St. Albert’s residential school, Edmonton/St. Albert, Alta. See Edmonton (St. Albert), Alta., Edmonton residential school (now Poundmaker Lodge), (Methodist/United Church)
St. Anne’s residential school, Fort Albany, Ont. See Fort Albany, Ont., St. Anne’s residential school (Catholic)
St. Anne’s residential school, Shubenacadie, NS. See Shubenacadie, NS, Shubenacadie/St. Anne’s residential school (Catholic)
St. Anthony’s residential school, Onion Lake, Sask. See Onion Lake, Sask., St. Anthony’s/Onion Lake Roman Catholic residential school, Sacred Heart (Catholic)
St. Augustine residential school, Alta. See Smoky River, Alta., Smoky River/St. Augustine residential school (Catholic)
St. Barnabas residential school, Onion Lake, Sask. See also Onion Lake, Sask., Onion Lake/St. Barnabas residential school; Prince Albert, Sask., Prince Albert/St. Alban’s/All Saints/St. Barnabas residential school, Lac La Ronge (Anglican)
St. Barnabas residential school, T’suu Tina/Sarcee, Alta. See T’suu Tina/Sarcee, Alta., St. Barnabas residential school (Anglican)
St. Bernard residential school, Alta. See Grouard, Alta., St. Bernard’s/Grouard/Lesser Slave Lake residential school (Catholic)
St. Boniface school, Man. (Catholic): dates
St. Bruno’s residential school, Joussard, Alta. See Joussard, Alta., Joussard/St. Bruno’s residential school (Catholic)
St. Cyprian’s residential school, Alta. See Brocket, Alta., Peigan/St. Cyprian’s residential school, Queen Victoria’s Jubilee Home (Anglican)
St. Dunstan school, Alta. See Calgary, Alta., St. Dunstan school (Anglican)
Sainte-Thérèse-de-l’Enfant-Jésus school, Fort George, Que. See Fort George, Que., St. Joseph’s Mission, Residence Couture, Sainte-Thérèse-de-l’Enfant-Jésus (Catholic)
St. Eugene’s residential school, BC. See Cranbrook, BC, Cranbrook/St. Eugene’s/Kootenay residential school (Catholic)
St. Francis residential school, BC. See North Vancouver, BC, Squamish/St. Paul’s/St. Francis residential school (Catholic)
St. Francis Xavier residential school, Alta. See Calais, Alta., Sturgeon Lake/St. Francis Xavier residential school (Catholic)
St. George’s residential school, Lytton, BC. See Lytton, BC, Lytton/St. George’s residential school (Anglican)
St. Henri of Thunderchild school, Delmas, Sask. See Delmas, Sask., Thunderchild/Delmas residential school, St. Henri (Catholic)
St. Henry’s residential school, Fort Vermilion, Alta. See Fort Vermilion, Alta., Fort Vermilion/St. Henry’s residential school (Catholic)
St. John’s residential school, Chapleau, Ont. See Chapleau, Ont., Chapleau/St. John’s residential school (Anglican)
St. John’s residential school, Wabasca, Alta. See Wabasca, Alta. Wabasca Anglican/St. John’s residential school, St. John’s Mission/Wapuskaw boarding school (Anglican)
St. Joseph’s Boarding School, Fort William (now Thunder Bay), Ont. See Fort William (now Thunder Bay), Ont., Fort William residential school, St. Joseph’s Boarding School (Catholic)
St. Joseph’s Industrial School, High River, Alta. See High River, Alta., St Joseph’s/Dunbow/High River Industrial School (Catholic)
St. Joseph’s Industrial School Provincial Historical Site
St. Joseph’s Mission, Fort George, Que. See Fort George, Que., St. Joseph’s Mission, Residence Couture, Sainte-Thérèse-de-l’Enfant-Jésus (Catholic)
St. Joseph’s residential school, Cross Lake, BC. See Cross Lake, Man., Cross Lake/St. Joseph’s residential school, Norway House Roman Catholic residential school, Notre Dame/Jack River Hostel (Catholic)
St. Joseph’s residential school, Fort Resolution, NWT. See Fort Resolution, NWT, Fort Resolution/St. Joseph’s residential school (Catholic)
St. Joseph’s residential school, Spanish, Ont. See Spanish, Ont. Spanish Girl’s/Boy’s School, St. Joseph’s/St. Peter’s/St. Anne’s residential school, Charles Garnier, formerly Wikwemikong Industrial School (Catholic)
St. Joseph’s residential school, Williams Lake, BC. See Williams Lake, BC, Cariboo/Williams Lake residential school, Williams Lake Industrial School, St. Joseph’s Mission (Catholic)
St. Joseph’s school, Cluny, Alta. See Cluny, Alta., Crowfoot residential school, St. Joseph’s, St. Trinité (Catholic)
St. Marc Residence, Que. See Amos, Que., Amos Student Residence, St-Marc Residence, St-Marc-de-Figuery (Catholic)
St. Margaret’s residential school, Fort Frances, Ont. See Fort Frances, Ont., Fort Frances/St. Margaret’s residential school (Catholic)
St. Martins Boarding School, Wabasca, Alta. See Desmarais-Wabasca, Alta., Desmarais residential school, St. Martins Boarding School, Wabisca Roman Catholic School (Catholic)
St. Mary’s Mission Boarding School, Cardston, Alta. See Cardston, Alta. (was NWT), St. Mary’s Mission Boarding School, Blood/Immaculate Conception residential school (Catholic)
St. Mary’s residential school, Kenora, Ont. See Kenora, Ont., St. Mary’s (formerly St. Anthony’s) residential school (Catholic)
St. Mary’s residential school, Mission, BC. See Mission, BC, St. Mary’s/Mission residential school (Catholic)
St. Michael’s residential school, Alert Bay, BC. See Alert Bay, BC, St. Michael’s residential school, Alert Bay Girl’s Home/Boy’s Home (Anglican)
St. Michael’s residential school, Duck Lake, Sask. See Duck Lake, Sask., St. Michael’s/Duck Lake residential school (Catholic)
Saint-Paul-des-Métis residential school, Alta. See St. Paul’s, Alta., Saint-Paul-des-Métis residential school
St. Paul’s, Alta., Saint-Paul-des-Métis residential school: deaths, fires
St. Paul’s Anglican residential school, Cardston, Alta. See Cardston, Alta. (was NWT), St. Paul’s Anglican residential school, Blood Reserve (Anglican)
St. Paul’s Hostel, YT. See Dawson City, YT, St. Paul’s Hostel (Anglican)
St. Paul’s residential school, Middlechurch, Man. See Middlechurch, Man., St. Paul’s residential school, Rupert’s Land (Anglican)
St. Paul’s residential school, North Vancouver/Squamish, BC. See North Vancouver, BC, Squamish/St. Paul’s/St. Francis residential school (Catholic)
St. Peter’s residential school, Alta. See Lesser Slave Lake, Alta., Lesser Slave Lake/St. Peter’s residential school (Anglican)
St. Peter’s residential school, NWT. See Hay River, NWT, St. Peter’s residential school (Anglican)
St. Phillips residential school, Fort George, Que. See Fort George, Que., Fort George/St. Phillips residential school (Anglican)
St. Phillips residential school, Kamsack, Sask. See Kamsack/Fort Pelly, Sask., St. Phillips residential school (Catholic)
St. Thomas residential school, Muncey, Ont. See Munceytown, Ont., Muncey/Mount Elgin/St. Thomas residential school (Methodist/United Church)
St. Trinité school, Cluny, Alta. See Cluny, Alta., Crowfoot residential school, St. Joseph’s, St. Trinité (Catholic)
sanatoria: conversion of residential schools (proposed), deaths at, I21; first Canadian
Sandy Bay residential school, Man. (Catholic): dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, sewage system, tuberculosis
Sanikiluaq, Nvt., Federal Hostel at Belcher Islands (non-denominational): dates
sanitation. See building conditions; living conditions
Sarcee school, Alta. See T’suu Tina/Sarcee, Alta., St. Barnabas residential school (Anglican)
Sardis school, BC. See Chilliwack/Sardis, BC, Coqualeetza Institute (Methodist/United Church)
Sask. Anti-Tuberculosis League
Saskatchewan: residential school deaths, residential schools in IRSSA, residential schools not in IRSSA, school closures recommended, school inspection, tuberculosis
Sault Ste. Marie, Ont., Shingwauk residential school, Wawanosh Home (Anglican): dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, reports on, by Indian Affairs
schools: Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement (IRSSA), listed in, Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement (IRSSA), not listed in, See also attendance; funding; residential schools; individual schools
Scott, Duncan Campbell (Indian Affairs): burial costs, care of students, corporal punishment, deaths of students
Scraping High, Ellis (student)
scrofula. See tuberculosis
Sechelt residential school, BC (Catholic): dates, fires, living conditions, punishment
Semmens, John (principal)
Seneca, Jessica (student)
Sept-Îles, Que., Sept-Îles/Seven Islands/Notre Dame/Maliotenam residential school (Catholic): dates
sexual abuse
Seymour, Dr. M. M. (physician)
Shingle Point residential school, YT (Anglican): dates
Shingwauk Home, Sault Ste. Marie, Ont. See Sault Ste. Marie, Ont., Shingwauk residential school, Wawanosh Home (Anglican)
Shoal Lake school, Ont. See Kenora/Shoal Lake, Ont., Cecilia Jeffrey residential school (Presbyterian/United Church)
Shubenacadie, NS, Shubenacadie/St. Anne’s residential school (Catholic): Audette, Justice L. A., closure, dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, Mackay, J.P. (principal), mass whipping at, punishment, runaways
Sioux Lookout, Ont., Pelican Lake/Pelican Falls residential school (Anglican): Barrington, Eric (principal), dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, punishment, runaways, tuberculosis
Smith, Edwin (teacher)
Smoky River, Alta., Smoky River/St. Augustine residential school (Catholic): annual report lists, dates
Spanish, Ont. Spanish Girl’s/Boy’s School, St. Joseph’s/St. Peter’s/St. Anne’s, Charles Garnier, formerly Wikwemikong Industrial School (Catholic): deaths
Spanish, Ont. Spanish Girl’s/Boy’s School, St. Joseph’s/St. Peter’s/St. Anne’s residential school, Charles Garnier, formerly Wikwemikong Industrial School (Catholic): fires
Squamish residential school, BC. See North Vancouver, BC, Squamish/St. Paul’s/St. Francis residential school (Catholic)
standards of care: failure to provide, instructions on, to principals, by school classification, See also building conditions; fire safety, lack of; health care; living conditions; policies; regulations
Standing Buffalo school, Sask. (Presbyterian): dates
Sticks, Duncan (student)
Sticks, Johnny (student)
Sticks, Mary (student)
Stirland Lake, Ont., Stirland Lake school, Wahbon Bay Academy (Northern Light Gospel Mission): dates
Stone, Dr. E. L. (Indian Affairs)
Stoney Nakoda First Nations
Stony Plains school, Alta. (Presbyterian): dates
Stony school, Alta. See Morley, Alta., Morley Indian residential school, Stony (Methodist/United Church)
St Patrick’s cemetery
Strapp, Oliver (principal)
Stringer Hall, NWT. See Inuvik, NWT, Stringer Hall, Inuvik Anglican residential school (Anglican)
Stuart Lake school, BC. See Fort St. James, BC, Stuart Lake school (Catholic)
students. See Survivors; individual names
Sturgeon Lake residential school, Alta. See Calais, Alta., Sturgeon Lake/St. Francis Xavier residential school (Catholic)
Sturgeon Landing residential school, Sask. (Catholic): dates, fires, vaccinations (BCG)
suicide
Survivors, See also individual names
Sutherland, Michael (student)
Swain, Philip (student)
Tayapaywakejick, Roderick. See Keesick, Roderick
The Pas, Man., Guy Hill residential school, Clearwater Lake, formerly Sturgeon Landing, Sask. (Catholic): dates, fire safety, lack of, runaways, sewage system
The Pas, Man., McKay residential school (Anglican): anomalies in IRSSA list, Bird, E. V. (principal), dates, fires, fire safety, lack of, punishment, runaways
Thomas, No. 78 (Kuper Island student)
Thomas, No. 117 (Kuper Island student)
Thompson, Gilbert (principal)
Thunderchild residential school, Sask. See Delmas, Sask., Thunderchild/Delmas residential school, St. Henri (Catholic)
Tizya, Clara
Tofino school, BC. See Meares Island/Christie/Tofino, BC Christie/Clayoquot/Kakawis school (Catholic)
Touchwood school, Sask. See Lestock, Sask., Muscowequan residential school, Muskowekwan, Touchwood (Catholic)
traditional practices: consecration of graves, food/diet
transportation, funding of: bodies for burial, children to go home, parents to attend inquiry into death of student
TRC. See Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada
truancy, epidemic level, failure to develop policies, failure to search for runaways, legislation/policies, use of RCMP, See also attendance, compulsory; punishment; runaways
Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (TRC): cemetery identification, documents access difficulties, mandate
T’suu Tina/Sarcee, Alta., St. Barnabas residential school (Anglican): dates, fire at, fire safety, lack of
tuberculosis: active vs latent, admission policies, death rates, deaths, and nutrition, skin test, tent hospitals, See also Bryce, Dr. Peter (physician); tuberculosis crisis
tuberculosis crisis, background, positive initiatives, solutions, See also tuberculosis
Tuck, T. H.: Blue Quills (disciplinarian), Fraser Lake, 94 Turn Robes Over, Edith (student)
Turquetil Hall, NWT (now Nvt.). See Chesterfield Inlet, NWT (now Nvt.), Chesterfield Inlet residential school, Turquetil Hall (Catholic)
United Church
Unnamed Register
vaccinations
Vale, A. J. (principal)
Vankoughnet, Lawrence (Indian Affairs)
Vermilion Lake, Alta., Irene Training Institute (Anglican): dates
Victoria Jubilee Home for Indian Children, Alta. See Brocket, Alta., Peigan/St. Cyprian’s residential school, Queen Victoria’s Jubilee Home (Anglican)
Wabasca, Alta. Wabasca Anglican/St. John’s residential school, St. John’s Mission/Wapuskaw boarding school (Anglican): Barrington, Eric (principal), building conditions, closure recommended, dates, fires
Wabisca Roman Catholic School, Alta. See Desmarais-Wabasca, Alta., Desmarais residential school, St. Martins Boarding School, Wabisca Roman Catholic School (Catholic)
Waddilove, Annie (student)
Waddy, J. W. (Indian Affairs)
Wadsworth, T. P. (Indian Affairs)
Wahbon Bay Academy, Ont. See Stirland Lake, Ont., Stirland Lake school, Wahbon Bay Academy (Northern Light Gospel Mission)
Waller, L. G. P. (Indian Affairs)
Ward, Joseph (student)
Washakada school, Man. See Elkhorn, Man., Elkhorn/Washakada Indian residential school (Anglican)
Water Hen school, Man. (Catholic): dates
water supply. See under living conditions
Wawanosh residential school, Ont. See Sault Ste. Marie, Ont., Shingwauk residential school, Wawanosh Home (Anglican)
Weazle Robe, George (student)
Wenjack, Charlie (student)
Westgate, T. B. R. (church official)
Wherrett, Dr. George (physician)
Whitecalf school, Sask. See LeBret, Sask., Lebret/Qu’Appelle residential school, St. Paul’s, Whitecalf (Catholic)
Whitedog Reserve
White Eagle’s Boarding School, Alta. See Gleichen, Alta., Old Sun’s/North Camp residential school, White Eagle’s/Short Robe boarding school (Anglican)
Whitefish First Nation
Whitefish Lake, Alta., St. Andrews residential school (Anglican): dates, fire safety, lack of
Whitehawk, Alfred (student)
Whitehorse, YT, Coudert Hall (Catholic): abuse, dates
Whitehorse, YT, Whitehorse Baptist Mission/Baptist Indian School, (Baptist): dates, medical care
Whitehorse, YT, Yukon Hall (Nondenominational/Protestant): dates
Wikwemikong/Manitoulin Island school, Ont. (Catholic): dates
Williams Lake, BC, Cariboo/Williams Lake residential school, Williams Lake Industrial School, St. Joseph’s Mission (Catholic): Boening, Rev. Henry (principal), dates, deaths, fires, fire safety, lack of, living conditions, punishments, runaways, sewage treatment
Willie, Don (student)
Willie, No. 87 (Kuper Island student)
Winnipeg, Man., Assiniboia residential school (Catholic): dates, fire safety, lack of, tuberculosis
Wolf Ear, Martha (student)
Wood, Mabel (student)
Woodsworth, J. F. (principal)
Yale, BC, All Hallows school (Anglican): dates
Yellowknife, NWT, Akaitcho Hall (nondenominational): dates
Youville residential school, Alta. See Edmonton, Alta., Youville/St. Albert’s residential school (Catholic)
Yukon Hall, YT. See Whitehorse, YT, Yukon Hall (Non-denominational/Protestant)
Yukon Territory: residential school deaths, residential schools in IRSSA