References

Akin, Ö. 1978. How Do Architects Design? In Artificial Intelligence and Pattern Recognition in Computer Aided Design, ed. J. Latombe. North-Holland.

Akin, Ö. 1986. Psychology of Architectural Design. Pion.

Alexander, C. 1964/1971. Notes on the Synthesis of Form. Harvard University Press.

Alexander, C., S. Ishikawa, and M. Silverstein. 1977. A Pattern Language. Oxford University Press.

Amabile, T. M. 1983. The Social Psychology of Creativity. Springer.

Anderson, L. B. 1979. Foreword. In Plan No. 10, Process in Architecture: A Documentation of Six Examples. School of Architecture and Planning, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Archea, J. 1987. Puzzle-Making: What Architects Are Doing When No One Is Looking. In Computability of Design, ed. Y. Kalay. Wiley-Interscience.

Arnheim, R. 1954. Art and Visual Perception: A Psychology of the Creative Eye. University of California Press.

Arnheim, R. 1969. Visual Thinking. University of California Press.

Asimow, M. 1962. Introduction to Design. Prentice-Hall.

Basadur, M. S. 1995. Optimal Ideation-Evaluation Ratios. Creativity Research Journal 8 (1): 63–75.

Baya, V. 1996. Information Handling Behavior of Designers During Conceptual Design: Three Experiments. PhD dissertation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University.

Baya, V., and L. J. Leifer. 1996. Understanding Information Management in Conceptual Design. In Analysing Design Activity, ed. N. Cross, H. Christiaans, and K. Dorst. Wiley.

Bayazit, N. 2004. Investigating Design: A Review of Forty Years of Design Research. Design Issues 20 (1): 16–29.

Best, G. 1969. Method and Intention in Architectural Design. In Design Methods in Architecture, ed. G. Broadbent and A. Ward. Lund Humphries.

Bilda, Z., J. S. Gero, and T. Purcell. 2006. To Sketch or Not to Sketch? That Is the Question. Design Studies 27 (5): 587–613.

Björklund, T. A. 2013. Initial Mental Representations of Design Problems: Differences between Experts and Novices. Design Studies 34 (2): 135–160.

Boden, M. A. 1994. What Is Creativity? In Dimensions of Creativity, ed. M. Boden. MIT Press.

Botta, D., and R. Woodbury. 2013. Predicting Topic Shift Locations in Design Histories. Research in Engineering Design 24 (3): 245–258.

Broadbent, G. 1973. Design in Architecture. Wiley.

Broadbent, G., and A. Ward eds. 1969. Design Methods in Architecture. Lund Humphries.

Buchanan, R. 1992. Wicked Problems in Design Thinking. Design Issues 8 (2): 5–21.

Bruner, J. S., J. J. Goodnow, and G. A. Austin. 1956. A Study of Thinking. Wiley.

Cai, H., E. Y.-L. Do, and C. M. Zimring. 2010. Extended Linkography and Distance Graph in Design Evaluation: An Empirical Study of the Dual Effects of Inspiration Sources in Creative Design. Design Studies 31 (2): 146–168.

Casakin, H., and G. Goldschmidt. 2000. Reasoning by Visual Analogy in Design Problem-Solving: The Role of Guidance. Journal of Planning and Design: Environment and Planning B 27: 105–119.

Chai, K.-H., and X. Xiao. 2012. Understanding Design Research: A Bibliometric Analysis of Design Studies (1996–2010). Design Studies 33 (1): 24–43.

Chase, W. G., and H. A. Simon. 1973. Perception in Chess. Cognitive Psychology 4 (1): 55–81.

Chermayeff, S., and C. Alexander. 1963. Community and Privacy: Toward a New Architecture of Humanism. Doubleday.

Coyne, R. D., M. A. Rosenman, A. D. Radford, M. Balachandran, and J. S. Gero. 1990. Knowledge-Based Design Systems. Addison-Wesley.

Cross, N. 1984. Developments in Design Methodology. Wiley.

Cross, N. 1994. Engineering Design Methods—Strategies for Product Design. Wiley.

Cross, N. 1997. Creativity in Design: Analyzing and Modeling the Creative Leap. Leonardo 30 (4): 311–317.

Cross, N. 2006. Designerly Ways of Knowing. Springer.

Cross, N. 2010. Editorial. Design Studies 31 (1): 1–2.

Cross, N. 2011. Design Thinking. Berg.

Cross, N., and A. Clayburn Cross. 1995. Observations of Teamwork and Social Processes in Design. Design Studies 12 (2): 143–170.

Cross, N., H. Christiaans, and K. Dorst, eds. 1996. Analysing Design Activity. Wiley.

Dasgupta, S. 1994. Creativity in Invention and Design. Cambridge University Press.

Daum-Cohen, M. 2008. Structure in Architectural Design Processes: A Comparison between Novice and Advanced Students. MSc thesis, Technion.

Davies, S. P. 1995. Effects of Concurrent Verbalization on Design Problem Solving. Design Studies 16 (1): 102–116.

de Groot, A. D. 1965/1978. Thought and Choice in Chess. Mouton.

Dillon, M. R. 2010. Dynamic Design: Cognitive Processes in Design Sketching. Indiana Undergraduate Journal of Cognitive Science 5: 28–43.

Do, E. Y.-L., and M. D. Gross. 1995. Drawing Analogies: Finding Visual References by Sketching. In Proceedings of Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture, Seattle.

Dong, A. 2007. The Enactment of Design through Language. Design Studies 28 (1): 5–21.

Dorst, K. 2003. Exploring the Structure of Design Problems. In Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Engineering Design, Stockholm.

Dorst, K., and N. Cross. 2001. Creativity in the Design Process: Co-Evolution of Problem-Solution. Design Studies 22 (5): 425–437.

Duncker, K. 1926. A Quantitative (Experimental and Theoretical) Study of Productive Thinking (Solving of Comprehensible Problems). Pedagogical Seminary 33: 642–708.

Duncker, K. 1945. On Problem-Solving. Psychological Monographs 58: 1–114.

Eastman, C. M. 1970. On the Analysis of Intuitive Design Processes. In Emerging Methods of Environmental Design and Planning, ed. G. Moore. MIT Press.

El-Khouly, T., and A. Penn. 2012. Order, Structure and Disorder in Space Syntax and Linkography: Intelligibility, Entropy, and Complexity Measures. In Proceedings of Eighth International Space Syntax Symposium, Santiago.

Ericsson, K. A., and H. A. Simon. 1984/1993. Protocol Analysis: Verbal Reports as Data. MIT Press.

Field, M., S. Gordon, E. J. Peterson, R. Robinson, T. F. Stahovich, and C. Alvarado. 2010. The Effect of Task on Classification Accuracy: Using Gesture Recognition Techniques in Free-Sketch Recognition. Computers & Graphics 34 (5): 499–512.

Finke, R. A., T. B. Ward, and S. M. Smith. 1992. Creative Cognition: Theory, Research, and Application. MIT Press.

Fodor, J. 1975. The Language of Thought. Crowell.

Frankenberger, E., and P. Badke-Schaub. 1998. Modeling Design Processes in Industry—Empirical Investigations of Design Work in Practice. Automation in Construction 7 (2–3): 139–155.

Fricke, G. 1996. Successful Individual Approaches in Engineering Design. Research in Engineering Design 8 (3): 151–165.

Gabora, L. 2010. Revenge of the ‘Neurds’: Characterizing Creative Thought in Terms of the Structure and Dynamics of Memory. Creativity Research Journal 22 (1): 1–13.

Galle, P., and L. B. Kovács. 1996. Replication Protocol Analysis: A Method for the Study of Real-World Design Thinking. Design Studies 17 (2): 181–200.

Gardner, H. E. 1988. Creativity: An Interdisciplinary Perspective. Creativity Research Journal 1 (1): 8–26.

Gardner, H. E. 1993. Creating Minds: An Anatomy of Creativity as Seen Through the Lives of Freud, Einstein, Picasso, Stravinsky, Eliot, Graham, and Gandhi. Basic Books.

Gericke, K., B. Kleinod, and L. Blessing. 2009. Analysis and Visualization of Project Structure Using Linkography: Focusing Project Risk Management. In Proceedings of ASME IDETC/DTM 2009: International Design Engineering Technical Conference and International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology, San Diego.

Gero, J. S. 1990. Design Prototypes: A Knowledge Representation Schema for Design. AI Magazine 11 (4): 26–36.

Gero, J. S. 2011. Fixation and Commitment While Designing and its Measurement. Journal of Creative Behavior 45 (2): 108–115.

Gero, J. S., and U. Kannengiesser. 2011. Design. In Encyclopedia of Creativity, second edition, volume 1, ed. M. Runco and S. Pritzker. Academic Press.

Goel, A., and S. Bhatta. 2004. Design Patterns: A Unit of Analogical Transfer in Creative Design. Advanced Engineering Informatics 18 (2): 85–94.

Goel, V. 1995. Sketches of Thought. MIT Press.

Goldschmidt, G. 1990. Linkography: Assessing Design Productivity. In Proceedings of the Tenth European Meeting on Cybernetics and Systems Research, ed. R. Trappl. World Scientific.

Goldschmidt, G. 1991. The Dialectics of Sketching. Creativity Research Journal 4 (2): 123–143.

Goldschmidt, G. 1994a. Development in Architectural Designing. In Development and the Arts: Critical Aspects, ed. M. Franklin and B. Kaplan. Erlbaum.

Goldschmidt, G. 1994b. On Visual Design Thinking: The Vis Kids of Architecture. Design Studies 15 (2): 158–174.

Goldschmidt, G. 1995. The Designer as a Team of One. Design Studies 16 (2): 189–210.

Goldschmidt, G. 1996. The Designer as a Team of One. In Analysing Design Activity, ed. N. Cross, H. Christiaans, and K. Dorst. Wiley.

Goldschmidt, G. 2001. Is a Figure-Concept Binary Argumentation Pattern Inherent in Visual Design Reasoning? In Visual and Spatial Reasoning in Design II, ed. J. Gero, B. Tversky, and T. Purcell. Key Centre of Design Computing and Cognition, University of Sydney.

Goldschmidt, G. 2012. A Micro View of Design Reasoning: Two-Way Shifts between Embodiment and Rationale. In Creativity and Rationale: Enhancing Human Experience by Design, ed. J. Carroll. Springer.

Goldschmidt, G., H. Hochman, and I. Dafni. 2010. The Design Studio ‘Crit’: Teacher-Student Communication. Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 24 (3): 285–302.

Goldschmidt, G., and D. Tatsa. 2005. How Good Are Good Ideas? Correlates of Design Creativity. Design Studies 26 (6): 593–611.

Goldschmidt, G., and M. Weil. 1998. Contents and Structure in Design Reasoning. Design Issues 14 (3): 85–100.

Grabow, S. 1983. Christopher Alexander: The Search for a New Paradigm in Architecture. Oriel.

Gregory, S. A., ed. 1966. The Design Method. Butterworth.

Grice, H. P. 1975. Logic and Conversation. In Syntax and Semantics, volume 3, ed. P. Cole and J. Morgan. Academic Press.

Grobman, Y. J., and E. Neuman, eds. 2011. Performalism: Form and Performance in Digital Architecture. Routledge.

Gross, M. D. 1994. Recognizing and Interpreting Diagrams in Design. In Proceedings of Workshop on Advanced Visual Interfaces. ACM.

Gruber, H. E. 1980a. Afterword. In D. H. Feldman, Beyond Universals in Cognitive Development. Ablex.

Gruber, H. E. 1980b. The Evolving Systems Approach to Creativity. In Towards a Theory of Psychological Development, ed. S. Modgil and C. Modgil. NFER Press.

Gruber, H. E., and S. N. Davies. 1988. Inching Our Way Up Mount Olympus: The Evolving-Systems Approach to Creative Thinking. In The Nature of Creativity, ed. R. Sternberg. Cambridge University Press.

Gryskiewicz, S. S. 1980. A Study of Creative Problem Solving Techniques in Group Settings. PhD dissertation, University of London.

Guilford, J. P. 1956. Structure of Intellect. Psychological Bulletin 53 (4): 267–293.

Günther, J., E. Frankenberger, and P. Auer. 1996. Investigation of Individual and Team Design Processes. In Analysing Design Activity, ed. N. Cross, H. Christiaans, and K. Dorst. Wiley.

Gürsoy, B., and M. Özkar. 2010. Is Model-Making Sketching in Design? In Proceedings of Design Research Society International Conference on Design and Complexity, Montreal.

Heath, T. 1984. Methods in Architecture. Wiley.

Heims, S. J. 1991. The Cybernetics Group. MIT Press.

Herbert, D. M. 1988. Study Drawings in Architectural Design: Their Properties as a Graphic Medium. Journal of Architectural Education 41 (2): 26–38.

Herbert, D. M. 1993. Architectural Study Drawings. Van Nostrand Reinhold.

Howard-Jones, P. A., and S. Murray. 2003. Ideational Productivity, Focus of Attention, and Context. Creativity Research Journal 15 (2–3): 153–166.

Hubka, V., and W. E. Eder. 1982. Principles of Engineering Design. Butterworth- Heinemann.

Hubka, V., and W. E. Eder. 1996. Design Science: Introduction to Needs, Scope and Organization of Engineering Design Knowledge. Springer.

Jacob, R. J. K., and K. S. Karn. 2003. Eye Tracking in Human Computer Interaction and Usability Research: Ready to Deliver the Promises. In The Mind’s Eye: Cognitive and Applied Aspects of Eye Movement Research, ed. J. Hyona, R. Radach, and H. Deubel. Elsevier Science.

Jones, J. C. 1969. The State-of-the-Art in Design Methods. In Design Methods in Architecture, ed. G. Broadbent and A. Ward. Lund Humphries.

Jones, J. C., and A. G. Thornley, eds. 1963. Conference on Design Methods. Pergamon.

Kahneman, D. 2011. Thinking, Fast and Slow. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

Kalay, Y. 2004. Architecture’s New Media: Principles, Theories and Methods of Computer-Aided Design. MIT Press.

Kan, J. W. T. 2008. Quantitative Methods for Studying Design Protocols. PhD dissertation, University of Sydney.

Kan, J. W. T., and J. S. Gero. 2005. Design Behaviour Measurement by Quantifying Linkography in Protocol Studies of Designing. In Human Behavior in Design ’05, ed. J. Gero and U. Lindemann. Key Centre of Design Computing and Cognition, University of Sydney.

Kan, J. W. T., and J. S. Gero. 2008. Acquiring Information from Linkography in Protocol Studies of Designing. Design Studies 29 (4): 315–337.

Kan, J. W. T., and J. S. Gero. 2009a. Using the FBS Ontology to Capture Semantic Design Information in Design Protocol Studies. In About: Designing. Analysing Design Meetings, ed. J. McDonnell and P. Lloyd. CRC Press.

Kan, J. W. T., and J. S. Gero. 2009b. Using Entropy to Measure Design Creativity. In Proceedings of International Conference of the International Association of Societies of Design Research, Seoul.

Kan, J. W. T., Z. Bilda, and J. S. Gero. 2007. Comparing Entropy Measures of Idea Links in Design Protocols. AIEDAM 21 (4): 367–377.

Kanerva, P. 1988. Sparse Distributed Memory. MIT Press.

Koch, R. 1998. The 80/20 Principle: The Secret to Success by Achieving More with Less. Doubleday.

Koestler, A. 1964. The Act of Creation. Huchinson.

Kolarevic, B., and A. M. Malkawi, eds. 2005. Performative Architecture: Beyond Instrumentality. Spon.

Kolodner, J. L., ed. 1988. Proceedings of Workshop on Case-Based Reasoning. Morgan Kaufmann.

König, H. G. 1992. The Planar Architecture of Juan Gris. Languages of Design 1 (1): 51–74.

Kvan, T. 2013. Conversations With Ideas: A Micro View of Design. In Designing the Dynamic, ed. J. Burry. Melbourne Books.

Kvan, T., and S. Gao. 2006. A Comparative Study of Problem Framing in Multiple Settings. In Design Computing and Cognition’06, ed. J. Gero. Springer.

Kwon, H.-J., H.-S. Lee, D.-H. Song, and C.-Y. Kim. 2008. Toward a Linkography Design Visualization Tool on Web 2.0 Social Network Type Interface. In Proceedings of IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology.

Lawson, B. 1980/2005. How Designers Think: The Design Process Demystified. Oxford. Butterworth.

Lawson, B. 1994. Design in Mind. Butterworth-Heinemann.

Leibowitz, H. 1989. Reveries of an “Incorrigible Romanticist”: Louis Sullivan’s the autobiography of an Idea. In Fabricating Lives: Explorations in American Autobiography. Knopf.

Linhares, A., A. Freitas, A. Mendes, and J. Silva. 2012. Entanglement of Perception and Reasoning in the Combinatorial Game of Chess: Differential Errors of Strategic Reconstruction. Cognitive Systems Research 13: 72–86.

Liu, Y.-C., T. Blight, and A. Chakrabarti. 2003. Towards an ‘Ideal’ Approach for Concept Generation. Design Studies 24 (4): 341–355.

Longuet-Higgins, H. C. 1987. Mental Processes: Studies in Cognitive Science. MIT Press.

Luckman, J. 1969. An Approach to the Management of Design. In Design Methods in Architecture, ed. G. Broadbent and A. Ward. Lund Humphries.

MacKinnon, D. W. 1962. The Personality Correlates of Creativity: A Study of American Architects. In Proceedings of the Fourteenth Congress on Applied Psychology, volume 2, ed. G. Nielsen. Munksgaard.

MacKinnon, D. W. 1978. In Search of Human Effectiveness: Identifying and Developing Creativity. Creative Education Foundation.

Maher, M. L., M. B. Balachandran, and D. M. Zhang. 1995. Case-Based Reasoning in Design. Erlbaum.

Mark, E., M. Gross, and G. Goldschmidt. 2008. A Perspective on Computer Aided Design after Four Decades. In Proceedings of eCAADe08 on: Architecture ‘in Computro’: Interacting Methods and Techniques, University College of Antwerp.

Martindale, C. 1999. Biological Bases of Creativity. In Handbook of Creativity, ed. R. Sternberg. Cambridge University Press.

Mednick, S. 1962. The Associative Basis of the Creative Process. Psychological Review 69 (3): 220–232.

Mesarović, M. D. 1964. Views on General Systems Theory. Wiley.

Miller, G. A. 1956. The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two: Some Limits on Our Capacity for Processing Information. Psychological Review 63 (2): 81–97.

Miller, G. A. 2003. The Cognitive Revolution: A Historical Perspective. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 7 (3): 141–144.

Naisberg, E. D. 1986. Non Continuous Steps in Architectural Design: Examination of Design Processes, First Year Students. MSc thesis, Technion.

Neisser, U. 1967. Cognitive Psychology. Prentice-Hall.

Neumann, A. 2012. Designerly Ways of Sharing: The Dynamic Development of Shared Mental Models in Design Teams. PhD dissertation, Delft University of Technology.

Newell, A. 1980. Human Problem Solving. http://garfield.library.upenn.edu/classics1980/A1980KD04600001.pdf.

Newell, A., and H. A. Simon. 1972. Human Problem Solving. Prentice-Hall.

Page, J. K. 1963. A Review of the Papers Presented at the Conference. In Conference on Design Methods, ed. J. Jones and A. Thornley. Pergamon.

Pahl, G., and W. Beitz. 1984/1996. Engineering Design: A Systematic Approach (second edition with K. Wallace). Springer.

Perkins, D. N. 1981. The Mind’s Best Work. Harvard University Press.

Perkins, D. N. 1992. The Topography of Invention. In Inventive Minds: Creativity in Technology, ed. R. Weber and D. N. Perkins. Oxford University Press.

Piaget, J. 1971. Structuralism. Harper Torchbooks.

Plucker, J. A., and J. S. Renzulli. 1999. Psychometric Approaches to the Study of Human Creativity. In Handbook of Creativity, ed. R. Sternberg. Cambridge University Press.

Pourmohamadi, M., and J. S. Gero. 2011. Linkographer: An Analysis Tool to Study Design Protocols Based on FBS Coding Scheme. In Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Conference on Engineering Design, Copenhagen.

Pugh, S. 1991. Total Design: Integrated Methods for Successful Product Engineering. Addison-Wesley.

Purcell, T., J. S. Gero, H. Edwards, and T. McNeill. 1996. The Data in Design Protocols: The Issue of Data Coding, Data Analysis in the Development of Models of the Design Process. In Analysing Design Activity, ed. N. Cross, H. Christiaans, and K. Dorst. Wiley.

Putnam, H. 1975. Brains and Behavior. In Mind, Language, and Reality: Philosophical Papers, volume 2. Cambridge University Press.

Pylyshyn, Z. W. 1986. Computation and Cognition. MIT Press.

Reitman, W. R. 1964. Heuristic Decision Procedures, Open Constraints, and the Structure of Ill-Defined Problems. In Human Judgments and Optimality, ed. M. Shelly and G. Bryan. Wiley.

Rittel, H. W. J., and M. M. Webber. 1973. Dilemmas in a General Theory of Planning. Policy Sciences 4 (2): 155–169.

Robertson, L. C. 1986. From Gestalt to Neo-Gestalt. In Approaches to Cognition: Contrasts and Controversies, ed. T. Knapp, and L. Robertson. Erlbaum.

Rodgers, P. A., G. Green, and A. McGown. 2000. Using Concept Sketches to Track Design Progress. Design Studies 21 (5): 451–464.

Roozenberg, N. F. M., and J. Eekels. 1995. Product Design: Fundamentals and Methods. Wiley.

Roy, R. 1993. Case Studies of Creativity in Innovative Product Development. Design Studies 14 (4): 423–443.

Runco, M. A. 1991. The Evaluative, Valuative and Divergent Thinking of Children. Journal of Creative Behavior 25 (4): 311–319.

Runco, M. A., and S. M. Okuda. 1988. Problem Finding, Divergent Thinking, and the Creative Process. Journal of Youth and Adolescence 17 (3): 211–220.

Schön, D. A. 1983. The Reflective Practitioner. Basic Books.

Schön, D. A. 1984. Problems, Frames and Perspectives on Designing. Design Studies 5 (3): 132–136.

Schön, D. A. 1992. Designing as Reflective Conversation with the Materials of a Design Situation. Knowledge-Based Systems 5 (1): 3–14.

Shannon, C. E. 1948. A Mathematical Theory of Communication. Bell System Technical Journal 27 (4): 397–423.

Simon, H. A. 1973. The Structure of Ill Structured Problems. Artificial Intelligence 4 (1): 181–201.

Simon, H. A. 1982. The Sciences of the Artificial, second edition. MIT Press.

Skinner, B. F. 1974. About Behaviorism. Vintage.

Sloman, S. A. 1996. The Empirical Case for Two Systems of Reasoning. Psychological Bulletin 119 (1): 3–22.

Suwa, M., T. Purcell, and J. S. Gero. 1998. Macroscopic Analysis of Design Processes Based on a Scheme for Coding Designers’ Cognitive Actions. Design Studies 19 (4): 455–483.

Suwa, M., and B. Tversky. 1997. What Do Architects and Students Perceive in Their Design Sketches? A Protocol Analysis. Design Studies 18 (4): 385–403.

Swerdloff, L. M., and Y. E. Kalay. 1987. A Partnership Approach to Computer-Aided Design. In Computability of Design, ed. Y. Kalay. Wiley.

Tatsa, D. 2005. Ideas in Students’ Projects in the Architectural Studio: Their Sources, Development, Roles and Assortment. MSc thesis, Technion.

Taura, T., and Y. Nagai. 2013. Concept Generation for Design Creativity: A Systematized Theory and Methodology. Springer.

Torrance, E. P. 1974. The Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking: Technical-Norms Manual. Scholastic Testing Services.

Torrance, E. P. 1988. The Nature of Creativity as Manifest in its Testing. In The Nature of Creativity: Contemporary Psychological Perspectives, ed. R. Sternberg. Cambridge University Press.

Ullman, D. G. 1992. The Mechanical Design Process. McGraw-Hill.

van der Lugt, R. 2001. Sketching in Design Idea Generation Meetings. PhD dissertation, Delft University of Technology.

van der Lugt, R. 2003. Relating the Quality of the Idea Generation Process to the Quality of the Resulting Design Ideas. In Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Engineering Design, Stockholm.

van Someren, M. W., Y. F. Barnard, and J. A. Sandberg. 1994. The Think Aloud Method: A Practical Guide to Modeling Cognitive Processes. Academic Press.

Vidal, R., E. Mulet, and E. Gómez-Senent. 2004. Effectiveness of the Means of Expression in Creative Problem-Solving in Design Groups. Journal of Engineering Design 15 (3): 285–298.

Visser, W., and M. L. Maher. 2011. The Role of Gesture in Designing. Guest Editorial. Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 25 (3): 213–220.

Vygotsky, L. 1986. Thought and Language. MIT Press.

Wang, M. H., and N. J. Habraken. 1982. Notation of the Design Process: The Six Operations. Unpublished research paper, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Watts, R. D. 1966. The Elements of Design. In The Design Method, ed. S. Gregory. Butterworth.

Wertheimer, M. 1923/1938. Laws of Organization in Perceptual Forms. In A Source Book of Gestalt Psychology, ed. W. Ellis. Routledge and Kegan Paul.

Wertheimer, M. 1945/1971. Productive Thinking. Harper Torchbooks.

Wissink, G., and S. Jaarsveld. 2002. Solving and Designing of Well-Defined Problems: A Structural Analysis of Cognitive Tasks Using the Linkograph System. Unpublished research paper, University of Amsterdam.

Woodbury, R. F., and A. L. Burrow. 2006. Whither Design Space? Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 20: 63–82.

Wrede, S. 1986. Mario Botta. Museum of Modern Art.

Zeisel, J. 1981. Inquiry by Design: Tools for Environmental-Behavior Research. Brooks/Cole.