Page: 2 Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection / Bridgeman Images; 8–9 Royal Collection Trust © Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, 2015 / Bridgeman Images; 15 Royal Collection Trust © Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, 2015 / Bridgeman Images; 20–21 Barber-Surgeons’ Hall, London, UK / © Courtesy of the Worshipful Company of Barbers / Bridgeman Images; 24 Private Collection / Bridgeman Images; 27 Private Collection / Bridgeman Images; 31 Universal History Archive / Getty Images; 37 Universal History Archive / Getty Images; 41 The Print Collector / Getty Images; 43 © Stapleton Collection / Corbis; 45 © The British Library Board, Royal 2 A XVI f45r; 46 National Portrait Gallery, London, UK ; 51 © National Portrait Gallery, London, UK; 54 Universal History Archive / Getty Images; 57 Culture Club / Getty Images; 60–61 Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford, UK / Bridgeman Images; 69 Oxburgh Hall, Norfolk, UK / National Trust Photographic Library; 74 Heritage Images / Getty Images; 80 DEA / G. Nimatallah / De Agostini / Getty Images; 84 Hulton Archive / Getty Images; 88 © Collection of the Earl of Pembroke, Wilton House, Wilts, UK / Bridgeman Images; 91 © National Portrait Gallery, London, UK; 6 © National Portrait Gallery, London, UK ; 99 © National Portrait Gallery, London, UK / Bridgeman Images; 104–5 © National Portrait Gallery; 109 The National Archives; 115 © National Portrait Gallery; 118–9 © The British Library Board, Harley 2342, ff.74v−75; 122 Royal Collection Trust © Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, 2015 / Bridgeman Images; 125 © Czartoryski Museum, Cracow, Poland / Bridgeman Images ; 129 © The Trustees of the Weston Park Foundation, UK / Bridgeman Images; 132 © National Portrait Gallery, London, UK; 141 Royal Collection Trust © Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, 2015 / Bridgeman Images; 146 The National Archives; 149 Knole Park, Kent, UK / National Trust Photographic Library; 150 Royal Collection Trust © Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, 2015 / Bridgeman Images; 155 © RMN-Grand Palais (Musée du Louvre); 159 Royal Collection Trust © Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, 2015 / Bridgeman Images; 161 © Inner Temple Library; 169 Steve Vidler / Alamy Stock Photo; 190–1 The National Archives; 200 The National Archives; 209 Ann Ronan Pictures / Print Collector / Getty Images; 216–7 British Library Board / Topfoto.