New Vocabulary
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ADVERBS |
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hăo |
very |
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shāowēi |
somewhat, slightly |
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shùnbiàn |
conveniently, in passing |
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tè |
especially |
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tèbié |
especially |
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ATTRIBUTIVES |
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gōngyòng |
public |
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CONJUNCTIONS |
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huò |
or |
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huòshi |
or |
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COVERBS |
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zuò |
sit in/on; take; by (car, boat, train, airplane) |
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EXPRESSIONS |
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dà-pái-cháng-lóng |
form a long line |
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IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS |
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bú yàojĭn |
be unimportant; “never mind” |
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hăole |
“all right,” “O.K.” |
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huānyíng guānglín |
“welcome honorable presence” |
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méi wèntí |
“no problem” |
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yìhuĭr jiàn |
“see you in a little while” |
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INTERJECTIONS |
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èi |
“yeah” |
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MEASURES |
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dòng |
(for buildings) |
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gōngchĭ |
meter |
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gōngshēng |
liter |
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yuán |
dollar (monetary unit) |
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MOVEABLE ADVERBS |
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yàoburán |
otherwise, or |
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NOUNS |
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biānhào |
serial number |
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chúzhípiào |
stored-value ticket |
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dìtiĕ |
subway |
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diàn |
shop, store |
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fángzi |
house |
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gōngchē |
public bus |
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Guóyŭ |
Mandarin (language) |
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jìchéngchē |
taxi |
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jiājù |
furniture |
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jiàqián |
price |
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jiéyùn |
mass rapid transit, MRT |
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mèng |
dream |
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miào |
temple, shrine |
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mótuōchē |
motorcycle |
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qìyóu |
gasoline |
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shŏu |
hand |
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wèntí |
question; problem |
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xiàngzi |
lane |
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yóu |
oil |
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yóujià |
price of gasoline |
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PARTICLES |
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a |
(pause filler) |
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la |
(combined form of le and a) |
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le |
(indicates action continuing up to the present) |
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ó |
(indicates interest or excitement) |
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PATTERNS |
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cóng...qĭ |
starting from..., beginning from... |
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gēn...jiăng |
tell (someone something) |
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gēn...shuō |
tell (someone something) |
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VERB-lái...VERB-qù |
VERB all over the place |
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PHRASES |
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bù hăo yìsi |
be embarrassing, be embarrassed |
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gōngyòng cèsuŏ |
public toilet |
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gōngyòng diànhuà |
public telephone |
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jiājù diàn |
furniture store |
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PLACE WORDS |
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Chóngqìng |
Chongqing (city in Sichuan) |
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Chóngqìng Nán Lù |
Chongqing South Road |
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dàlù |
mainland |
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duìmiàn |
across |
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jiāyóuzhàn |
gasoline station |
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Mùzhà |
Muzha (suburb of Taipei) |
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Táiwān Yínháng |
Bank of Taiwan |
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tíngchēchăng |
parking lot |
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Tŏngyī |
Seven-Eleven® (name of store) |
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yínháng |
bank |
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yóujú |
post office |
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yòushŏu |
right hand |
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yòushŏubiān |
right-hand side |
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zuŏshŏu |
left hand |
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zuŏshŏubiān |
left-hand side |
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RESULTATIVE COMPOUNDS |
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cuòguo |
miss |
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jiāmăn |
fill up |
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kàndào |
see |
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màiwán |
finish selling, be sold out |
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shèngxia |
be left over |
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xiàsĭ |
frighten to death |
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zhuănjìnlái |
turn in |
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RESULTATIVE ENDINGS |
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-guò |
(indicates motion past or by) |
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-lái |
(indicates motion toward speaker) |
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-măn |
full |
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-sĭ |
to the point of death |
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-wán |
finish |
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STATIVE VERBS |
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măn |
be full |
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màn |
be slow |
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qíguài |
be strange |
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yàojĭn |
be important |
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SURNAMES |
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Zhōu |
Zhou |
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VERBS |
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gàosu |
tell |
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jiàn |
see |
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jiĕjué |
solve |
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kàn |
think, consider |
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qí |
ride, straddle (bicycle, motorcycle, horse) |
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tiáozhĕng |
adjust |
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tŏngyī |
unite, unify |
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wán |
finish |
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xià |
frighten |
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xiăode |
know |
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zhăng |
rise, go up |
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zhuàn |
turn, go around |
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zhùyì |
pay attention to |
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VERB-OBJECT COMPOUNDS |
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fàngxīn |
be at ease, relax |
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jiāyóu |
add gasoline, buy gas |
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tíngchē |
park a car, park |
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zuòmèng |
have a dream |
Major New Grammar Patterns
-LE…LE TO INDICATE TIME CONTINUING UP THROUGH PRESENT WITH TIME EXPRESSION AFTER VERB: Tā gōngzuòle sān’ge yuè le. “She’s been working for three months.” (11-1)
IMPERATIVES CONSISTING OF VERB + STATIVE VERB + YÌDIĂN(R): kāi màn yidian “drive more slowly” (11-1)
NEGATIVE TIME SPENT WITH TIME EXPRESSION BEFORE VERB: Tā sān’ge yuè méi gōngzuòle. “She hasn’t been working for three months.” (11-2)
NUMBER OF TIMES WITHIN A PERIOD OF TIME: Duō jiŭ yìbān? “One (bus) every how often?”, Sānfēn zhōng yìbān. “One (bus) every three minutes.” (11-2)
GĒN...SHUL and GĒN...JIĂNG: Qĭng nĭ gēn tā shuō. “Please tell him.”, Qĭng nĭ gēn tā jiăng wŏmen yĭjīng dàole. “Please tell her that we’ve already arrived.” (11-3)
VERB-LÁI VERB-QÙ: zŏulái zŏuqù “walk back and forth” (11-3)
ZĔMME (VERB) YĔ NEGATIVE VERB: Tā zĕmme (zhăo) yĕ zhăobudào. “No matter how hard she searched she couldn’t find it.” (11-3)
YÒU YÀO...LE: Yóujià yòu yào zhăngle. “The price of gas is going to rise again.” (11-4)
CÓNG...QĬ: cóng míngtiān qĭ “starting from tomorrow” (11-4)