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Unit 23: Review and Study Guide

New Vocabulary

ADVERBS
dàzhì	generally, roughly, for the most part
guāng	only, just
shífēn	very, extremely
yìbān	generally, ordinarily
yìwùde	voluntarily
zhèngshì	formally, officially
ATTRIBUTIVES
gāodù	high degree
gōnglì	public
guānfāng	official
jībĕn	basic, fundamental
màopái	counterfeit, fake, imitation
píngfāng	square
píngjūn	average, mean
Pú’ào	Portuguese-Macanese
yìbān	general, ordinary
zhēnzhèng	real, true, genuine
AUXILIARY VERBS
zhíde	be worth, deserve
CONJUNCTIONS
bìngqiĕ	moreover, and
ér	and, yet, but
EXPRESSIONS
huí-wèi-wú-qióng	“savor the after-taste a long time”
IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS
jiŭwén	have heard of for a long time
INTERJECTIONS
ha ha	(sound of laughter)
MEASURES
rì	day of the month (formal style)
zhōu	week
MOVEABLE ADVERBS
jībĕnshang	basically
NOUNS
bàndăo	peninsula
bàokān	newspapers and periodicals
chănpĭn	product
chāshāobāo	steamed white flour bun
dàntă	egg tart
dăo	island
dăoyŭ	island
diănxin	snack, pastry, dim sum
dìguózhŭyìzhĕ	imperialist
dìlĭ	geography
dŭbóyè	the gambling industry
dùzi	belly, abdomen, stomach
fāngmiàn	aspect, area, side
fántĭzì	traditional Chinese characters
fēngshuĭ	feng shui, geomancy
gālí	curry
gòuwùzhĕ	one who buys things, shopper
guófáng	national defense
gŭshì	stock market, stock exchange
jiăntĭzì	simplified Chinese characters
jīngjì	economy
jīnróng	finance
jūmín	resident, inhabitant
kĕnéng	possibility
kŏu	mouth; opening
láiyuán	source, origin
lídăo	offshore island
lìshĭ	history
lǚyóuyè	the tourism industry
mĕishí	fine foods, delicacy
miànji	area
miănshuìgăng	duty free port
mìdù	density
míngcài	famous dish, famous food
mŭyŭ	native language
niánlíng	age
qiāng	accent, intonation
ròuguì	cinnamon
shāngpĭn	goods, merchandise
shāomài	small steamed dumpling
shìjì	century
shòumìng	life span, life
shuĭpíng	level, standard
tèsè	characteristic
tiāntáng	paradise, heaven
tiáoyuē	treaty, pact
wàijiāo	diplomacy, foreign affairs
xiājiăo	shrimp dumpling
xiànzhì	limit, restriction
xiànzhuàng	present conditions, status quo
xiāngliào	spice
xiàngdăo	guide
xiàngjī	camera
xíngzhèngqū	administrative region
yāpiàn	opium
yēzhī	coconut juice
yínhángyè	banking industry, banking
yíqiè	everything, all
yìwù	duty, obligation
zhèngcè	policy
zhèngfŭ	government
zhìdù	system
zhímíndì	colony
zhŭyì	doctrine; -ism
zībĕn	capital
zìzhìquán	autonomy
zŏngmiànji	total area
PATTERNS
...yĭshàng	more than...
...yĭxià	less than..., be- low...
...zhīyī	one of...
A gēn B yŏuguān	A is related to B
A shi yóu B (suŏ)zŭchéngde	A is composed of B
bă A jiào(zuo) B	call A B
bùguăn...	no matter..., regardless...
jì...zhīhòu	follow...
miănde...	so as to avoid..., lest...
yĭ...wéi zhŭ	take...as the main thing
zài...zhèngcè xià	under the policy of...
zìcóng...yĭhòu	since (a certain point in time)
PHRASES
băihuò gōngsī	department store
diànzĭ chănpĭn	electronic product, electronics
gōnglì xuéxiào	public school
guānfāng yŭyán	official language
jiàoyù shuĭpíng	educational level
lăo zăo	very early, for a long time now
lùtiān shìchăng	open-air market
mĕishí tiāntáng	food heaven
mŭyŭ jiàoyù	education in one’s native language
Nánjīng Tiáoyuē	Treaty of Nanking
niánlíng xiànzhì	age limit
píngfāng gōnglĭ	square kilometer
píngjūn shòumìng	average life expectancy
rénkŏu mìdù	population density
tèbié xíngzhèngqū	special administrative region
Yāpiàn Zhànzhēng	Opium War
yìbān lái shuō	generally speaking, in general
Yìguó Liăngzhì	One Country Two Systems
zībĕn zhŭyì	capitalism
zuò shēngyì	engage in business, do business
PLACE WORDS
Dàngzăi	Taipa (name of island in Macao)
Dōngnányà	Southeast Asia
dŭchăng	casino
Fēilǜbīn	The Philippines
Fēizhōu	Africa
Jiŭlóng bàndăo	Kowloon Peninsula
Jiŭlóng	Kowloon
jiŭlóu	restaurant
Lùhuán	Coloane (name of island in Macao)
Pútáoyá	Portugal
qízhōng	among which, within which
shāngdiàn	shop, store
Xiānggăng Tèbié Xíngzhèngqū	Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
Xīnjiè	New Territories
Yìndù	India
yúcūn	fishing village
Zhūjiāng	Pearl River
RESULTATIVE COMPOUNDS
dĕngbují	can’t wait
SPECIFIERS
lìng	another
STATIVE VERBS
chuántŏng	be traditional
fādá	be developed
héfă	be legal
qīngsōng	be relaxed, easy
yōujiŭ	be very old, be age-old
yŏuqù	be interesting, funny, amusing
zhòngyào	be important
TIME WORDS
dāngshí	at that time, then
hòubànqī	latter half
VERBS
băocún	preserve, keep, maintain
bāokuò	include
bĭjiào	compare
chéngwéi	become
dàobăn	pirate (a book, film, etc.)
dŭbó	gamble
dúchuàng	create as something unique
gāojū	be high (in rank), occupy (a high position)
gòuwù	buy things, shop
guānshuì	customs duty
huíguī	revert, return to
jiào	make, cause
jiāohuì	connect up, meet, intersect
jiāoxué	teach
jiàozuo	call; be called, be known as
lǚyóu	tour
pĭncháng	taste, sample
qiāndìng	sign
rónghé	mix together, merge, fuse
róuhé	mix together
shíshī	implement, put into effect
shíxíng	put into practice, implement
wéichí	maintain
xiăngyŏu	enjoy (rights, prestige)
xīyĭn	attract
yìnshuā	print
zhànlĭng	occupy, capture
zhēng	levy, collect (taxes or duty)
VERB-OBJECT COMPOUNDS
jiăngjià	bargain, haggle
miănshuì	be exempt from tax or duty
páimíng	be ranked, rank
rùchăng	enter; be admitted
shòukè	give classes, offer instruction
yĭnchá	drink tea and eat dim sum
VERB + POSTVERB
biànchéng	become
wèiyú	be located at, be situated at
zŭchéng	make up, form, compose

Major New Grammar Patterns

A SHI YÓU B (SUŎ)ZŬCHÉNGDE: Xiānggăng shi yóu Xiānggăng dăo, Jiŭlóng, hé Xīnjiè suŏzŭchéngde. “Hong Kong is composed of Hong Kong Island, Kowloon, and the New Territories.” (23-1)

QÍZHONG: wŭshiduōwàn wàiguo rén, qízhōng Fēilǜbīn rén hé Yìndù rén zuì duō “more than 500,000 foreigners, among which Filipinos and Indians predominate” (23-1)

SHÌJÌ: shíjiŭ shìjì “nineteenth century” (23-1)

YĬ...WÉI ZHŬ: Tīngshuō Xiānggăng yíqiè yĭ jīngjì wéi zhŭ. “I’ve heard that in Hong Kong everything takes the economy as the most important component.” (23-2)

...ZHĪYĪ: Xiānggăng shi shìjièshang zhòngyàode jīnróng hé màoyì zhōngxīn zhīyī. “Hong Kong is one of the important financial and trade centers in the world.” (23-2)

PÁIMÍNG: Xiānggăng Gŭshì zài shìjièshang páimíng dìwŭ. “The Hong Kong Stock Exchange is ranked number five in the world.” (23-2)

MIĂNDE...: Yào xiăoxīn miănde bèi piàn! “You have to be careful lest you get cheated!” (23-2)

BĂ A JIÀO(ZUO) B: Dàjiā bă Xiānggăng jiàozuo “mĕishí tiāntáng.” “Everybody calls Hong Kong ‘food heaven.’” (23-2)

...YĬSHÀNG AND ...YĬXIÀ: băifēnzhījiŭshiwŭ yĭshàngde rén “more than 95% of the people”; língdù yĭxià “below zero (degrees)” (23-3)

A GĒN B YŎUGUĀN: Zhè gēn tāmende jiàoyù shuĭpíng yŏuguān. “This has to do with their educational level.” (23-3)

ZÌCÓNG...YĬHÒU: Xiānggăng zìcóng 1997 nián huíguī Zhōngguo yĭhòu “since Hong Kong’s return to China in 1997” (23-3)

ZHŌU zhōuyī “Monday,” zhōu’èr “Tuesday,” zhōusān “Wednesday,” zhōusì “Thursday,” zhōuwŭ “Friday,” zhōuliù “Saturday,” zhōurì “Sunday,” bĕnzhōu “this week,” shàngyìzhōu “last week,” xiàyìzhōu “next week,” mĕizhōu “every week” (23-3)

BÙGUĂN...: Bùguăn shi dìlĭ, lìshĭ háishi wénhuà, wŏ shémme dōu xiăng zhīdao. “Whether it’s geography, history, or culture, I want to know everything.” (23-4)

CAUSATIVE VERB JIÀO: jiào rén huí-wèi-wú-qióng “make people savor the aftertaste for a long time” (23-4)