6. The Stadium Swindle
1. Kevin Seifert, “With $6.7 Billion in Public Money, NFL Closes Stadium Era,” ESPN, March 28, 2017.
2. Aaron Kuriloff and Darrell Preston, “In Stadium Building Spree, U.S. Taxpayers Lose $4 Billion,” Bloomberg News, September 5, 2012.
3. Nevada State Museum.
4. MiLB.com.
5. Author interview, October 16, 2017.
6. Ibid.
7. Ibid.
8 Author interview, October 5, 2017.
9. Dennis Coates, “Growth Effects of Sports Franchises, Stadiums, and Arenas: 15 Years Later,” Mercatus Working Paper, September 2015.
10. Victor Matheson and Robert A. Baade, “Financing Professional Sports Facilities,” Paper No. 11-02, College of the Holy Cross, Department of Economics Faculty Research Series, January 2011.
11. Author interview, October 5, 2017.
12. Travis Waldron and Pat Garofalo, “If You Build It, They Might Not Come: The Risky Economics of Sports Stadiums,” Atlantic, September 7, 2012.
13. Ibid.
14. Ibid.
15. Travis Waldron, “Glendale’s Latest Arena Woes Are a Cautionary Tale for Other Cities,” Huffington Post, June 11, 2015.
16. Pat Garofalo, “Let Them Eat Pucks,” U.S. News & World Report, July 25, 2013.
17. Pat Garofalo, “Sin City’s Major League Gamble,” U.S. News & World Report, January 16, 2015.
18. Ibid.
19. Conor Shine, “Major League Soccer Passes on Las Vegas; Stadium Deal Dead,” Las Vegas Sun, February 12, 2015.
20. Garofalo, “Sin City’s Major League Gamble.”
21. Author interview, October 16, 2017.
22. Ibid.
23. Author interview, October 5, 2017.
24. Author interview, October 16, 2017.
25. Author interview, October 5, 2017.
26. Scott Bordow, “Phoenix Suns’ Robert Sarver Says Coyotes-Suns Shared Site ‘Highly Unlikely,’” AZCentral, July 19, 2017.
27. Jeff Carlisle, “Exclusive: ‘Dramatic Change’ Needed to Keep Crew SC in Columbus—Precourt,” ESPN, October 17, 2017.
28. Rick Rouan, “Columbus Offered Crew SC Two City Parks as Stadium Sites,” Columbus Dispatch, November 29, 2017.
29. Andrew Erickson and Megan Henry, “DeWine Ready to Sue to Keep the Crew,” Columbus Dispatch, December 7, 2017.
30. Claire Simms, “Atlanta Braves Start Season, Stadium Talks,” Georgia Public Broadcasting, April 1, 2013.
31. Meris Lutz, “Braves Stadium Hardly a Home Run for Cobb Taxpayers,” Atlanta Journal-Constitution, December 26, 2017.
32. Ibid.
33. Jorge L. Ortiz and Ray Glier, “As Turner Field Shuts Down, MLB Ponders: Is 20 Years New Stadium Life Span?,” USA Today, September 28, 2016.
34. Robin Respaut, “With NFL Rams Gone, St. Louis Still Stuck with Stadium Debt,” Reuters, February 3, 2016.
35. Author interview, October 5, 2017.
36. Ibid.
37. Daniel Shoag and Stan Veuger, “Where LeBron Takes His Talent, There the Jobs Will Be Also,” American Enterprise Institute, May 10, 2017.
38. Daniel Shoag and Stan Veuger, “Taking My Talents to South Beach (and Back),” American Enterprise Institute, updated July 2017.
39. Nick Castele, “Cuyahoga County, Cavaliers Move Ahead with Quicken Loans Arena Deal in 2018,” Ideastream, December 26, 2017.
40. Tim Nelson, “Minnesota Wins Super Bowl 2018 Bid,” MPR News, May 20, 2014.
41. Pat Garofalo, “An Air Ball for Taxpayers,” U.S. News & World Report, April 4, 2015.
42. Bryant McInerney, “Super Bowl Benefits Host City, but by How Much?,” CNBC, January 31, 2016; Kenneth McGill and Jon Gray, “The Economic Impact of Super Bowl LI on Greater Houston,” Rockport Analytics, May 2017; and Warren Strugatch, “Super Bowl 50 Produces $350M Economic Impact,” Chief Executive, February 8, 2016.
43. McInerney, “Super Bowl Benefits Host City.”
44. Victor A. Matheson, “Economics of the Super Bowl,” Working Papers 1001, International Association of Sports Economists; North American Association of Sports Economists, 2010.
45. Victor Matheson and Robert A. Baade, “Padding Required: Assessing the Economic Impact of the Super Bowl,” Paper 04-03, College of the Holy Cross, Department of Economics Faculty Research Series, September 2004.
46. Victor Matheson and Robert A. Baade, “An Economic Slam Dunk or March Madness? Assessing the Economic Impact of the NCAA Basketball Tournament,” College of the Holy Cross, Department of Economics Faculty Research Series, September 2003.
47. Victor Matheson and Robert A. Baade, “A Fall Classic? Assessing the Economic Impact of the World Series,” Paper No. 05-01, College of the Holy Cross, Department of Economics Faculty Research Series, February 2005.
48. Dennis Coates and Brad R. Humphreys, “The Economic Impact of Postseason Play in Professional Sports,” Journal of Sports Economics, August 2002.
49. Dennis Coates and Brad R. Humphreys, “The Economic Consequences of Professional Sports Strikes and Lockouts,” Southern Economic Journal 67, no. 3 (2001): 737–47.
50. Robert A. Baade, Robert Baumann and Victor Matheson, “The Economic Consequences of Professional Sports Strikes and Lockouts: Revisited,” Paper 06-04, College of the Holy Cross, Department of Economics Faculty Research Series, April 2006.
51. Author interview, January 22, 2018.
52. Travis Waldron, “With Obama Budget, Your Federal Tax Dollars Won’t Pay for Sports Stadiums,” ThinkProgress, February 4, 2015.
53. Richard Rubin and Siobhan Hughes, “GOP Is Poised to Pass Sweeping Tax Overhaul,” Wall Street Journal, December 15, 2017.
54. “Heller Applauds U.S. Senate’s Passage of Tax Cuts for Nevada’s Middle-Class Families,” HellerSenate.gov, December 20, 2017.