INDEX

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abhidharma

absolutizing the relative See also truths, two

Aeschylus

aggression

Analayo, Bhikkhu

analysis, Buddhist practice of

Ananda

androcentrism

in academia

enlightened mind and

freedom from

and male dominance, distinctions between

in Western scholarship of Buddhism

angels, gender of

anger

alternatives to

effects of

feminism and

in ranking oppressions

self-righteous

animal behavior

animal realm

Apadana literature

apathy

arhatship

Aristotle

Asian Buddhism

feminism, attitudes toward in

male dominance in

misogyny in

storytelling in

and Western, relationship between

attachment

to children

disappointment of

to gender conventions

to gender in Buddhist texts

to relative truth

social problems and

See also clinging

aversion

Being a Buddhist Nun (Gutschow)

Beyond Androcentrism

bhikshunis. See nuns

Bimba (Yasodhara). See also Yasodhara (Sanskrit: Yashodhara)

biology

in Buddhist practice

perception of as certainty

prison of gender roles and

birth, precious human

Bodhi, Bhikkhu

bodhisattva vow

bodhisattvas

body

female, attitudes toward

five woes of female

in investigating gender

rebirth in female

self and

stereotyping

subtle

Buddha

female counterpart of

final instructions of

on fourfold sangha

hesitancy of to teach

on investigation

living scripture on

on sexual attraction

on studying self

women in life of

on women’s enlightenment

on Yasodhara

Buddha (Tezuka)

Buddha Padumuttara

Buddhaa: Rajaon Ka Raja (“Buddha: The King of Kings”)

Buddhadharma. See Buddhism

Buddhas, female

Buddhism

androgynous

critical thought, importance of in

engaged/socially engaged

and gender, attitudes toward

gender in, author’s emphases on

gender in, contradiction between view and practice

gender roles in, effect of

hierarchy in

identity based on

institutionalized sexism in

male dominance in

misunderstandings about

progressive curriculum of

relative gender practices in

sexual oppression in

spreading of

traditional and modern, importance of distinction

See also dharma; Theravada tradition; Tibetan Buddhism; Zen

Buddhism after Patriarchy

Buddhist feminism. See also indigenous Buddhist feminism

Buddhist literature

female role models in

gender narratives in

motherhood narratives in

sexuality in

women in Buddha’s life in

women’s voices in

See also abhidharma; Apadana literature; Mulasarvastivadin Vinaya; Pali Canon

Buddhist liturgies, gender-inclusive language in

careers and occupations

Carmichael, Stokely

Cat Who Went to Heaven, The (Coatsworth and Vitale)

causes and conditions

celibacy

cessation (third Noble Truth).

See also nirvana

children and childcare

benefitting by

gender bias in

mutual incompetence in

shared responsibility for

women’s attitudes toward

women’s role in, presumptions about

See also parenting

Christianity

clinging

to ego

to gender identity

reproduction and

See also attachment

Clinton, Hillary

Collett, Alice

compassion

of bodhisattvas

as Buddhist value

ethics and

personification of

and ranking oppression

complementarity

conception, variant views of

confusion

contemplation

of gender

need for

purpose of

creation narratives

cultural relativism

Dalai Lama, His Holiness the Fourteenth

de Beauvoir, Simone

death rate, lowering

denial

dependent arising. See also

interdependence

desire

alternatives to

disappointment of

poison of

sexual

Dhammapala

dharma

effect of women in sangha on

genderizing

simplicity of

suitability for

See also Buddhism

difficult circumstances, accommodating

Dinnerstein, Dorothy

discipline

dissatisfaction

Dogen Zenji

domestic partnerships

dominant groups

dress codes

Dzogchen

economics

education

androcentrism in

gender roles in

of women

effect and cause

egalitarianism. See also gender equality

ego

body and

Buddhist view of

conventional male

deconstruction of

gendered

as identity

male approval as style of

reproduction and

samsaric

victim

worldly

ego-clinging/ego-grasping

egolessness

Buddhist views on

of gender

gender issues and

identity and

misunderstandings about

relaxing into

in undercutting gender essentialism

Eightfold Path

emotions. See

also anger; desire

employment

emptiness

Engelmajer, Pascale

enlightened mind

as beyond gender

as intelligence without ideology

enlightenment

abhidharma understanding of

subverting by clinging to gender

subverting by clinging to identity

of women

equality. See also gender equality

equanimity

ethics

gender stereotypes and

legalism and

in livelihood

in student-teacher relationships

Eve and Adam

faculties, masculine and feminine

family systems

feminine images

feminism

author’s use of term

Buddhism and

clinging to

definitions of

identity based on

as irrelevant to Buddhism, view of

misogyny and

and other social justice movements, attitudes toward

reverse patriarchal dualisms in

second-wave

third-wave

as Western, refutation of

See also Buddhist feminism

feminist theology

fertility, control of

freedom from gender roles and

lack of

population growth and

shared responsibility for

Flinders, Carol

fourfold sangha

Freud, Sigmund

Friedan, Betty

fundamentalism

Furies, The (Aeschylus)

Garland of Feminist Reflections, A

gender

attachment to

conventional attitudes toward

deconstruction of, importance of

discrimination due to

and ego, links between

origins of in early Buddhist sources

privilege/advantage due to

two truths and

gender equality

gender identity

alternative

assumptions about

at birth

clinging to

deconstructing

as empty of inherent existence

gender neutrality

gender roles

in author’s upbringing

Buddhist deconstruction of

conventional, in religions

in education

imposition of new

reform of as a different prison

revision of, need for

romantic stereotypes and

students’ attitudes toward

Ginsberg, Allen

Goddess movement

Gotami. See also Pajapati (Sanskrit: Prajapati)

Greek culture, ancient

grief

Gross, Rita

Buddhist leadership of

childhood of

death

reputation of

spiritual background of

Gutschow, Kim

habitual patterns

happiness

Hebrew culture, ancient

heinous deeds, five

heteronormativity

hierarchy

Hinduism

homophobia

homosexuality

householders. See also laity

human realm

human rights theory, Western

humanity

androcentric model of

two-sexed model of

identity

of being unfortunate

clinging to

in dominant groups

holding lightly

investigating

relative character of

sexual

See also gender identity

identity politics

ideologies

ignorance

impermanence

incest

Indian culture

indigenous Buddhist feminism

androcentric scholarship and

author’s use of term

evidence of

nun ordination as

Prajapati and

Yasodhara and

inferiority

injustice

insight

interdependence

intersectionality

It Takes a Village (Clinton)

Judaism

karma

Khandro Rinpoche, Her Eminence Jetsun

Khuddaka Nikaya

Kisa Gotami

Kushinagar

Ladakh

laity

language

LGBT identity

liberation

of one liberates all

social

ultimate

Little Buddha

livelihood, right

longevity, increased

love, universal and mother-love

Mahamudra

Mahapajapati. See Pajapati (Sanskrit: Prajapati)

Mahaparinibbana Sutta

Mahayana

male approval

male dominance

and androcentrism, distinctions between

Buddhist ethics and

in Buddhist institutions

Buddhist opposition to

changing

as contested historically in Buddhism

effects of

freedom from

justifications for

misogyny and

women’s lives under

male privilege

Manjushri

mankind, use of term

Mara

marriage

matricide

medicine, modern

meditation

men

changing roles of

and childcare, benefits from

fear of feminization of

gender attitudes of

gender bondage of

identity and

sexual behavior of

society’s preference for

stereotypes of

traditional roles of

Men Are from Mars, Women Are from Venus (Gray)

methodology

metta (universal friendliness)

militarism

military service

mind. See also enlightened mind

Mindrolling lineage

miraculous powers

misogyny

Buddhist ethics and

freedom from

mother role and

through textual interpolation

in Western culture

monasticism

Buddha’s view on women in

gender roles in

genderizing dharma in

institutionalized sexism in

male ordination, restoration of

male privilege in

nuns’ subordination in

preference for monks over nuns in

sexual infractions in

women as teachers in

monotheism, male

mother role

mother-child relationships

mother/father (matapitaro)

mother-love

Mulasarvastivadin Vinaya

mutual incompetence

Nanamoli, Bhikkhu

Nangsa Obum

Naropa Institute (now Naropa University)

nirvana

Noble Truths, Four

nonduality

nonviolence

nuns

attitudes of

eight discriminatory rules for

founding of order of

in fourfold sangha

ordination of

subordination of

nurturing, social value of

Nyingma lineage

Obeyesekere, Ranjini

obstacles, accommodating

occupations. See careers and occupations

O’Connor, Sandra Day

one-child policy

oppression, ranking

ordinary worldlings

Orgyan Chokyi

outsider-analyst role

pain

Buddhist view of

from gender issues

infant’s

social injustice and

Pajapati (Sanskrit: Prajapati)

expanded stories of, purpose for

parinirvana of

previous life stories of

Pali Canon

androcentric scholarship of

Buddha’s life in

gender-inclusive language in

parenthood in