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A-4 rocket (German V-2)
Acheson, Dean
Afghanistan: invaded by USSR; Soviet withdrawal from; Soviet helicopters in
air forces: NATO; command and control; Warsaw Pact; see also bomber aircraft; fighter and attack aircraft; Strategic Air Command
air reconnaissances
air warning and control system (AWACS)
air-defence missiles and guns
air-to-air refuelling
airborne troops: NATO; Soviet
airbursts (nuclear)
aircraft carriers; warfare against
Albacore (US submarine)
Albania: as Soviet satellite; Communist government; refuses to attend CSCE talks; and Warsaw Pact; breach with USSR; relations with China; Soviet naval base in; navy
Algeria: French generals mutiny in
Allied Control Council
Allied Tactical Air Forces (ATAFs; NATO)
ammunition: and logistics
amphibious warfare
Angola
Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty (1972)
Antonescu, General Ion
Antwerp: World War II missile attacks on
Arab–Israeli Wars: (1967); (1973); tanks in
Argentina: aircraft carrier; in Falklands War
armoured personnel carriers (APCs)
artillery: field; fire-direction; in air defence; targets and range; nuclear; NATO; Warsaw Pact
Assured Destruction concept
Atlantic: and NATO naval command; and naval power
Atlantic Alliance see North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Atlas missile
attack aircraft see fighter and attack aircraft
Attlee, Clement
Australia: aircraft carrier; armoured personnel carrier
Austria: peace treaty (1955)
AWACS see air warning and control system
ballistic missiles: development; warheads; accuracy; defences; stand-off; availability; reliability; see also intercontinental ballistic missiles; intermediate-range ballistic missiles
Baltic Sea: NATO defence of; Soviet fleet in; in Warsaw Pact attack plans
Baltic states: independence (1990–1)
Barents Sea
battleships and battlecruisers
Belarus: independence (1991)
Belgium: in Benelux; in Brussels Treaty; navy; army; airborne troops; mobilization; logistical problems; and refugee problem; deployment of forces; armoured infantry fighting vehicles; air force and aircraft
Benelux (Belgium–Netherlands–Luxembourg group): formed
Beneš, Edward
Berlin: occupied and divided; Soviet blockade and Allied airlift (1948); 1971 agreement (‘Berlin Accord’); demonstrations and opening of Wall (1989); French occupation zone; uprisings (Eastern); responsibilities for defence; status and administration; access; Air Safety Centre (BASC); military strengths and organization (Western); contingency plans; Wall built (1961); land reconnaissances (‘probes’); incidents and confrontations; reunification; life and conditions in (1945–89)
Bessarabia
Bevin, Ernest
Bikini Atoll
Black Sea: naval forces in
blast (nuclear)
bomber aircraft: types and performance; defence and countermeasures against; deployment; targets; air tankers; strategic
Bornholm (Baltic island)
Brandt, Willy
Braun, Werner von
Brazil: aircraft carrier
Bremerhaven
Brezhnev, Leonid: visits Berlin and Washington; ‘Socialist Commonwealth’ doctrine; and Polish crisis; and submarine missile systems; and strategic bombers
Brunssum
Brussels: NATO HQ inn
Brussels Treaty see Western Union
Budapest
Bukovina
Bulganin, Nikolai
Bulgaria: as Soviet satellite; Communist government; in Warsaw Pact; navy; airborne troops
Bush, George
Canada: and founding of NATO; navy; submarine programme; aircraft carrier; army; airborne troops; air force and aircraft; financial difficulties
Carter, Jimmy
casualties: from nuclear attacksn
Ceauçescu, Nikolae
Central Group of Forces (Soviet; CGF)
Challenger (UK ship)
Chernenko, Konstantin
Chevaline submarine missile system
China, People’s Republic of (PRC): Communist supremacy in; nuclear weapons; relations with Albania; nuclear testing; as nuclear-target reserve; bombers; land-based missiles; submarines; targeting strategy; supplies naval ships to Romania; in Korean War; in US nuclear strategy
Churchill, Sir Winston S.: on ‘iron curtain’; on post-war bewilderment; and naval command
civil defence: cost and effectiveness; in USA; in USSR; in UK
civilian population: reaction to attacks; casualtiesn; see also civil defence
Clay, General Lucius
Closely Based Spacing (or ‘Dense Pack’)
Communist parties: in eastern Europe; in western Europe; in Asia
Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE; Helsinki)
Conqueror (UK submarine)
conscription
Conventional Armed Forces in Europe talks (CFE; Vienna)
counter-military potential (CMP)
cruise missilesn & n
Cuba: Missile Crisis (1962); as Soviet ally
Cyprus: Turkey invades
Czechoslovakia: as Soviet satellite; Communist government in; ethnic Germans in; invaded by Warsaw Pact forces (1968); and East Germans’ escapes to West; in Warsaw Pact; armaments; Soviet troops withdraw from (1990); military forces; airborne troops; armoured personnel carriers; artillery; aircraft industryn; air force in; in Warsaw Pact attack plans
Denmark: and Nordic pact; membership of NATO; relations with Iceland; opposes missile deployment; sea supplies to; navy; army; in NATO defence strategy; air force and aircraft
deterrence strategy
DF weapons (China)
Dien Bien Phu
Dimitrov, Georgi
Doolittle, Lieutenant-Colonel Jamesn
Douglas, William Sholtost Baron
Dreadnought (UK submarine)
Dresden: bombed (1945)
Dubček, Alexander
Dulles, John Foster
Dunkirk Treaty (1947)
East Berlin see Berlin
East Germany (German Democratic Republic): admitted to UN; recognized by West; escapees to West; in Warsaw Pact; troops in 1968 Czechoslovak invasion; and 1980 Polish crisis; navy; amphibious capability; Soviet forces in; military forces; airborne troops; air force and aircraftn; set up; Soviet attitude to; unrest in; and status of West Berlin; US food aid to; 1989 demonstrations; responsibility for taking Berlin; in Warsaw Pact attack plans; see also Germany
Easton, Admiral Sir Ian
Eglin Air Force Base, Florida
Egypt: 1973 attack on Israel; as Soviet ally; see also Suez crisis
Eilat (Israeli destroyer)
Eisenhower, Dwight D.: and ‘tripwire’ strategyn; and US spy plane (1960); as Supreme Allied Commander; offers food aid to East Germany; accepts Berlin air-ceiling limit; and battlefield nuclear weapons
electromagnetic pulse (EMP)
electronic countermeasures (ECM)
electronics: effects of nuclear explosions on
Emergency Rocket Communications System (ERCS)
enhanced-radiation warhead
equivalent megatonnage (EMT; nuclear weapons)
Estonia: independence (1991)
Ethan Allen (US submarine)
Europe: post-war division and disorder; peace settlement (1946–7); NATO Central Region ground forces in; NATO defensive strategy and forces in; deployment of Warsaw Pact forces in; Warsaw Pact attack threat in
European Advisory Commission (EAC)
European Defence Community: formed
Falklands War (1982)
fallout see residual nuclear radiation
Federal Republic of Germany see West Germany
fighter and attack aircraft: NATO; international co-operation on; see also air forces
Finland: post-war settlement; under Soviet domination
firestorms
flash (nuclear)
‘flexible response’ strategy
Follow-On Forces Attack
Fontainebleau (France)
Ford, Gerald
Forrestal (US carrier)
Fractional Orbital Bombardment System (FOBS)
France: Communist Party in; war in Indo-China; signs Dunkirk Treaty; in Brussels Treaty; membership of NATO; opposes European Defence Community; in Suez War (1956); withdraws from NATO integrated military command structure; Berlin occupation zone; nuclear programme and weapons; post-war weakness; air force and aircraft; NATO bases moved from; First French Army; and NATO telecommunications systemn; nuclear testing; wartime experience; as nuclear-target reserve; bomber aircraft; land-based missiles; submarines; targeting strategy; navy; aircraft carrier; surface warships; battleships; and central-European strategy; army in Europe; airborne troops; battle tanks; armoured personnel carriers; field artillery; air-defence missiles; battlefield nuclear weapons; and Warsaw Pact attack plans; equipment; contingency strike plan
Franco, General Franciscon
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria
Fylingdales, Yorkshire, England
Gaulle, Charles De: opposes Marshall Plan and NATO; post-war position; and NATO; return to power (1958); on nuclear deterrence; and French navy
Gdańsk
General Belgrano (Argentine cruiser)
Germany: 1945 defeat; reparations; refugees; reunification (1990); World War II missiles; recovery from wars; submarines (U-boats); and outbreak of 1914 war; bombed in World War II; see also East Germany; West Germany
Gero, Erno
Gheorghiu-Dej, Gheorghe
Gierek, Edward
Giuseppe Garibaldi (Italian cruiser)
Glasstone, S., and P. J. Dolan: The Effects of Nuclear Weapons
Gomułka, Władysław
Gorbachev, Mikhail: as Soviet leader; and collapse of Warsaw Pact; and East German freedom; and Warsaw Pact defence plans; announces destruction of nuclear weapons
Gorshkov, Admiral Sergei Georgiyevich & n
Gottwald, Klement
Great War (1914–18) see World War I
Greece: post-war government in; USA supports; membership of NATO; hostility to Turkey; 1967 coup; navy; submarines; airborne troops; aircraft; battlefield nuclear weapons in
Green, Hughie
Greenland
Group of Soviet Forces Germany (GSFG; renamed Western Group of Forces)
Guernica, Spain & n
Gulf Warn
guns see artillery
Gunston, Bill
H-bombs: miniaturized
Hackett General Sir John (and others): The Third World Warn
Hamburg: firestorm
Harmel Report (1967)
Healey, Denisn
Hegel, G. W. F.n
Heidelberg, Germany
Heihachiro, Admiral Togon
Heinemann, Dr Gustav
Helsinki see Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe
Hiroshima
Honecker, Erich
Hornet (US carrier)n
Hoxha, Enver
Hungary: as Soviet satellite; ethnic Germans in; Communist government in; in 1946–7 peace settlement; 1956 rising and Soviet invasion; in Warsaw Pact; Soviet troops withdraw from (1990); airborne troops; air force in; admits East German emigrants; in Warsaw Pact attack plans
Hydra, Project (USA)
Iceland: and Nordic pact; membership of NATO; and ‘Cod War’; and Soviet naval activities
Iceland–Faroes gap
India: nuclear testing; aircraft carrier
Indo-China: French war in; see also Vietnam
infantry: mobility; organization and weaponry
initial nuclear radiation (INR)
Inner German Border (1GB)
intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs): German World War II; carry H-bombs; basing and launch systems; US programme; Soviet development; countermeasures against; Chinese; and nuclear balance; in US nuclear strategy
intermediate-range ballistic missiles (IRBMs) & n
intermediate-range nuclear forces (INF): deployed in Europe; 1987 Treaty
International Military Staff (NATO)
International Relief Organization
ionization of atmosphere
Iran: buys British tanks
Iraq: in Gulf Warn
Ireland, Republic of: and formation of NATO
iron curtain; see also Inner German Border
Israel: Egypt attacks (1973); in Suez crisis (1956); in Six-Day War (1967); see also Palestine
Italy: Communist Party in; reparations; membership of NATO; joins Brussels Treaty; navy; submarines; aircraft carrier; surface ships allocated to France (1948); battleships; airborne troops; battle tanksnn; aircraft; battlefield nuclear weapons in; artillery
Japan: war with Russia (1904–5)n; carrier-borne air attacks on (1942)n; see also Hiroshima; Nagasaki; Tokyo
Jaruzelski, General Wojciech
Jaujard, Vice-Admiral Robert
JIGSAW studies on effects of nuclear warfare
Johnson Island (Pacific)n
Johnson, Lyndon B.: visits Berlin
jungle: effects of nuclear weapons inn
Jupiter missile
Kádár, János
Kahn, Herman
Kania, Stanisław
Karelia
Katyn Forest massacre (1940)
Kennedy, John F.: assassination; in Berlin; proposes Multi-Lateral Force; cancels Skybolt; and Berlin crisis; and battlefield nuclear weapons
Khrushchev, Nikita: and US spy-plane incident; fall (1964); de-Stalinization; and Polish unrest; Hoxha resists; cuts surface fleet; proposes West Berlin as ‘Free City’
Konev, General Ivan S.
Korea: Communists in
Korean War (1950–3): outbreak; aircraft carriers in; minefields; amphibious landings; massed Chinese infantry inn; tank warfare in; aircraft in; missiles in
Krenz, Egon
Kroger spy ring
Kulikov, Marshal V. G.
Kuznetzov, Admiral N. M.
landing craft see amphibious warfare
Lange, Halvard
Lattre de Tassigny, General Jean de
Latvia: independence (1991)
Lebanon: US Marines in
Lemnitzer, Major-General Lyman L.
Lend-Lease agreement
Levi, Barbara G. (and others): ‘Civilian Casualties from “Limited” Nuclear Attacks on the USSR’n
Libya: US air strikes on
Linebacker II, Operation
Lithuania: independence (1990)
London: World War II missile attacks on
Long Island (US fleet escort)
Luxembourg: in Benelux; in Brussels Treaty; army; air force
Maclean, Donaldn
McNamara, Robert
Malaya: ‘emergency’ in
Maniu, Iuliu
Manoeuvrable Re-entry Vehicle (MaRV)
marines see amphibious warfare
Marras, General Efisio
Marshall, General George: and Nordic pact; and European defence system; retires
Marshall Plan: 1947 Conference (Paris); France opposes
Masaryk, Jan
Mediterranean: and NATO command structure; NATO navies in; Soviet fleet in; aircraft carriers in
Michael, King of Romania
Midway (US carrier)
Mikołajczyk, Stanislaw
Mikoyan, Anastas
Mildenhall, Suffolk, England
mine warfare and minesweepers: in NATO; World War II numbers and damage
Minuteman missile
Missile, Experimental (MX) programme (USA)
missiles see ballistic missiles; cruise missiles
Mitterrand, François: supports French nuclear weapons; and use of tactical nuclear weapons; and reduction of nuclear forces
Moldova: independence (1991)
Moltke, Helmuth von, the younger
Mönchengladbach
Montgomery, Field Marshal Bernard Law
Moscow: as ‘withhold’n; as target
Mountbatten, Admiral Louisst Earl
Multi-Lateral Force (MLF)
Multi-Role Combat Aircraft (MRCA)
multiple independently-targeted re-entry vehicles (MIRVs)
Multiple Protective Structures (MPSs)
multiple re-entry vehicles (MRVs)
Multiple Rocket-Launcher System
Munich Agreement (1938)
Mutual and Balanced Force Reductions (MBFR)
Mutual Defense Assistance Program (MDAP)
Mutually Assured Destruction policy (MAD)
Nagasaki
Nagy, Imre
Nautilus (US submarine)
Navaho cruise missile
navies: and command of sea; NATO; forces and commands; Warsaw Pact; surface ships; see also aircraft carriers; battleships; mine warfare and minesweepers; submarines
Netherlands: in Benelux; in Brussels Treaty; navy; aircraft carrier; commando group; army; mobilization; logistical problems; and refugee problem; deployment of forces; armoured infantry fighting vehicles; air force and aircraft; battlefield nuclear weapons in
neutron bomb see enhanced-radiation warhead
Nicholson, Major Arthur
Nixon, Richard
Nordic pact
Norstadt, General Lauris
North Atlantic Assembly
North Atlantic Council: early meetings; and NATO recommendations; France and; on Hungarian uprising; and Czech crisis (1968)
North Atlantic Treaty: agreed; signed (1949); text
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO): formation and membership; military strength; forward-defence policy; organization and structure; ‘Athens Guidelines’ (on use of nuclear weapons); France withdraws from command structure; moves HQs from France; strategic policy; publishes reports on balance of power; consultations and procedures; and end of Cold War; Defence College, Rome; and Hungarian rising; and Czech crisis (1968); and Soviet SS-20 missile deployment; long-range tactical nuclear force (LRTNF); aims; US influence in; commands; regional planning groups; telecommunications systems; and formation of Warsaw Pact; non-intervention in eastern Europe; control of MLF; civil defence; navies; mine warfare (1950s); European land forces (Central Region); European defence strategy and forces; and ‘flexible response’; airborne forces; mobilization; logistics and communications; Refugee Agency; deployment of forces; battle tanks; field artillery; air forces; Airborne Early Warning Force (NAEWF); equipment standardization; fighter and attack aircraft; as defensive alliance; warning and alert systems against surprise attacks; battlefield nuclear weapons (tactical); financing; appointments and office holders; mine countermeasures programme
Northern Group of Forces (Soviet; NFG)
Norway: and Nordic pact; Soviet threat to; membership of NATO; civil defence; sea supplies to; navy; and Soviet fleet activities; submarines; US Marine Corps reinforces; aircraft
Novorossiysk (Soviet battleship)
nuclear war: pre-emptive attacks; effects; fear of; speculations on outbreak of
nuclear weapons: NATO use of; Catholic Church on & n; tactical battlefield (guns and missiles); and Warsaw Pact; effects of explosions; testing and first uses; deterrent effect; strategy and planning; types of attack and targets; in UK; in France; in China; balance and measurement of; availability; reliability; aircraft-carrier-borne; safety measures; use and effect of; in Warsaw Pact attack plans; voluntary destruction of
Oahu, Hawaiin
Ostpolitik (policy)
Palestine: under British mandate; see also Israel
Papadopoulos, Colonel Georgios
paratroop units see airborne troops
Partial Test Ban Treaty (1963)
Pavlovsky, General I. G.
Peacekeeper (MX) missile
Pershing missile
Pétain, Marshal Henri Philippe
Petkov, Nikola
Poland: ethnic Germans in; Communist government in; 1970 German Treaty; Solidarity trade-union movement; in Warsaw Pact; naval shipbuilding; riots (1956); crisis of 1980–1; navy; amphibious capability; Warsaw Pact forces in; military forces; airborne troops; armoured personnel carriers; air force and aircraft; and Warsaw Pact attack plan
Polaris submarine missile system
Portugal: and membership of NATO; 1974 coup; navy; submarines; amphibious forces; airborne troops
Poseidon submarine missile system
Potsdam Conference (1945)
Poznán, Poland
‘Prague Spring’ (1968)
pre-emptive attacks (nuclear)
Project E
Queuille, Henri
Quick Reaction Alert (QRA; bomber aircraft)
Raborn, Rear-Admiral William
radiation see residual nuclear radiation; thermal radiation
Rákosi, Mátyás
Ramadier, Paul
Ramstein, Germany
ranks (military)
re-entry vehicles (RVs)
Reagan, Ronald: presidency (1981); and deterrence; and B-1B bomber; and battleships; strengthens Marine Corps; and resort to war
refugees (‘displaced persons’)
Regulus cruise-missile
residual nuclear radiation (fallout)
Resolution (UK submarine)
Reykjavik: Reagan–Gorbachev meeting (1986)
Rheindahlen, Germany
Rickover, Admiral Hyman & n
Rigel missile
Robb, Air Chief Marshal Sir James
Rokossovsky, Marshal Konstantin
Roman Catholic Church: supports nuclear deterrence; anti-Communism in eastern Europe
Romania: as Soviet satellite; Communist government in; 1946–7 peace settlement; troop levels; in Warsaw Pact; breach with USSR; in World War II; military resources; 1989 collapse; navy; airborne troops
Rome: NATO Defence College
Royal Air Force (Germany) (UK)
Royal Observer Corps (UK) & n
Rozhdestvensky, Admiral Zinovy P.
Rügen island (Baltic)n
Rusk, Dean
Russo-Japanese War (1904–5)n
San Juan (US submarine)
Sarajevo: 1914 assassination
satellites: and NATO communications; and navigation systems; monitoring of enemy movements
Sazan naval base, Albania
Scandinavia: and potential Soviet threat
Schlieffen Plan
Schmidt, Helmut
Scorpion (US submarine)
Seawolf (US submarine)
self-propelled guns
silos
Single Integrated Operation Plan (SIOP)
single-shot kill probability (SSKP)
Sirte, Gulf of (Libya)
Six-Day War (1967)
Snark pilotless bomber
Sokolovskiy, Marshal V. D.
Soviet Military Power: first issued (1981)
Soviet Naval Infantry
Soviet navy: submarine missile systems and strategy; submarine types and classes; development and strength; activities and exercises; battleships; nuclear submarines; diesel-electric submarines; aircraft carriers; anticarrier warfare; surface warships; amphibious landings; manning
Soviet Union: bomber-aircraft threat; post-war disagreements with Allies; post-war power and position; territorial defence and satellites; ethnic transportations; and administration of Berlin; Berlin blockade; controls eastern Europe; and Brussels Treaty; expansionist policy; forms and dominates Warsaw Pact; invades Hungary (1956); shoots down US spy plane; 1970 German Treaty; claims right of intervention in eastern Europe; invades Afghanistan; attack strategy; troop reductions (1989); withdraws from Afghanistan; forces deployed in Czechoslovakia (1968); deploys SS-20 missiles; as nuclear power; troops in Warsaw Pact countries; withholds nuclear weapons from Warsaw Pact allies; and Polish unrest (1980–1); troops withdraw from Czechoslovakia and Hungary (1990); western republics declare independence from (1990–1); nuclear testing; nuclear strategy; World War II casualties; nuclear targets in; ICBM development; strategic missiles; strategic bombers; targeted by China; civil defence; deployment of forces in Europe; airborne troops; battle tanks; infantry carriers; field artillery; air-defence missiles and guns; aircraft development; air force; mobilization plans; battlefield nuclear weapons; in US nuclear strategy; effects of nuclear attacks on; procurement and financing; land-based missiles; sea-launched ballistic missiles; nuclear submarine accidents; see also Warsaw Pact
Spain: membership of NATO; and NATO command structure; navyn; submarines; marines; airborne troops; tanksn
Spanish Civil War (1936–9)n
Spínola, General António
SS missiles (USSR)
SS-N missiles (USSR)n
SSBNs see submarines: ballistic, nuclear
Stalin, Josef V.: 1946 Five-Year Plan; defence obsession; and Yugoslavia; and Finnish treaty; and US threat; split with Tito; builds up fleet
stand-off missiles
Strategic Air Command (USA)
Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT): Round I; Round II; and Soviet missiles; and strategic bombers
Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI; ‘Star Wars’)
submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs): launching; German; US; Soviet; British; French; Chinese; reliability; and nuclear balance; in anti-carrier warfare
submarines: ballistic, nuclear (SSBNs); in nuclear strikes; German (U-boats); US types and classes; diesel-electric; Soviet types and classes; miniature (X-craft)n; British; availability; Soviet strength; countermeasures against; nuclear-powered; Romanian; accidents (nuclear); see also submarine-launched ballistic missiles
Sudetenland
Suez crisis (1956)
Sun Tzu
Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE)
surface-to-air missiles (SAMs)
Suslov, Mikhail
Sweden: and Nordic pact; declines NATO membership; civil defence; battle tank
Switzerland: civil defence
tanker aircraft
tanks (battle): British; characteristics and performance; Soviet; defence against; US; fire-control systems; armour and defence; propulsion and engines; French; NATO; West German; Swedish; costs
Thatcher, Margaret
thermal radiation (nuclear)
Thor missile
Thorez, Maurice
Thresher (US submarine)
throw weight (missile payload)
Titan missile
Tito, Josip Broz: takes power; independence of Soviet Union
Togliatti, Palmiro
Tokyo: bombed (1945)
Tomahawk cruise missile
Tongking, Gulf of
transient radiation effects on electronics (TREE)
triad (strategic concept)
Trident submarine missile system
Trieste
‘tripwire’ strategy & n; replaced by ‘flexible response’
Triton submarine-launched-cruise-missile programme
Truman, Harry S.: supports Brussels Treaty; 1948 election victory; and North Atlantic Treaty
Tsu-shima, battle of (1905)n
Turkey: membership of NATO; hostility to Greece; occupies northern Cyprus; sea supplies to; navy; submarines; marines; airborne troops; aircraft; battlefield nuclear weapons in
‘twin-track’ (diplomatic/military) approach
U-2 spy plane
U-boats see submarines
Ukraine: independence (1991)
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics see Soviet Union
United Kingdom: post-war status; and Malaya ‘emergency’; signs Dunkirk Treaty; in Brussels Treaty; borrows from USA; relations with USA; opposition to missile deployment; command links with USA; controls own land and air defences; and naval command; as NATO base; nuclear testing; wartime experience; as nuclear-target reserve; miniature submarines (‘X’ craft)n; strategic bombers; Strategic Air Command bases in; as nuclear power; land-based missiles; submarine programme; civil defence; naval strength; aircraft carriers; surface warships; in Falklands War; and mine warfare; and amphibious warfare; marines; and central-European strategy; regular army; army in Europe; airborne troops; mobilization; logistical problems; deployment of forces; battle tanks; armoured personnel carriers; field artillery; air-defence missiles; air-defence control; air force (RAF) in Germany; fighter and attack aircraft; and outbreak of 1914 war; and military organization in Berlin; battlefield nuclear weapons; JIGSAW studies on effects of nuclear warfare; procurement and financial problems
United Kingdom Warning and Monitoring Organization (UKWMO)
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
United States of America: post-war power; observes Brussels Treaty; and Nordic pact; European garrisons and involvement; relations with UK; and formation of NATO; forces relocated after French withdrawal from NATO; in Vietnam War; and missile deployment; command links with UK; in NATO command structure; and naval command; nuclear testing; deterrence strategy; nuclear planning; nuclear targets in; ICBM programme; submarine-based-missile threat to; and UK nuclear weapons; targeted by China; civil defence; adopts European aircraft and equipment; and central-European strategy; abolishes conscription; army in Europe; airborne troops; mobilization and transport problems; battle tanks; and infantry mobility; field guns; air-defence missiles and guns; and Berlin incidents; battlefield nuclear weapons; presidential control of use of nuclear weapons; nuclear strategy; effects of Soviet nuclear attacks on; procurement and financing; land-based missiles; sea-launched ballistic missiles; strategic missiles
United States Air Force (USAF): ICBMs; strategic bombers; in NATO; fighter and attack aircraft; see also Strategic Air Command
United States Marine Corps (USMC)
United States Navy: submarines; aircraft carriers; strength and role; surface warships; battleships; and mine warfare; and amphibious warfare; attack aircraft; and Berlin contingency plans; carrier air wing
United States Sixth Fleet: in Mediterranean
United States (US carrier)
V-1 cruise missile (German)n
V-2 rocket (German) see A-4 rocket
V-force bombers (UK)
Vandenberg, Arthur
Vandenberg Air Force Base, California
Vienna see Conventional Armed Forces in Europe talks
Viet Minh
Vietnam: US involvement in; US bombing in; US navy and; as Soviet ally; see also Indo-China
Vincennes (US cruiser)
Wałesa, Lech
Walker spy ring
Walter, Dr Helmuth
warheads (nuclear); enhanced-radiation
Warsaw Pact: formed (1955); forces invade Czechoslovakia (1968); troop reductions (1989); command structure; Soviet troop deployment; collapse; civil-defence measures; navies; submarines; European attack strategy and plans; deployment of forces in Europe; airborne forces; battle tanks; air forces; and NATO alert systems and plans; preparations for war; battlefield nuclear weapons (tactical); financing; text of Treaty; appointments and commanders
warships (surface)
Weinberger, Caspar
West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany): rearmament; joins Brussels Treaty; membership of NATO; 1970 Soviet Treaty; Polish Treaty (1970); admitted to UN; and NATO command structure; civil defence; naval role; submarines (U-boats); armed forces; and NATO defence strategy; airborne troops; mobilization; and refugee problem; deployment of forces; battle tanks; infantry carriers; artillery; air-defence missiles; air force and aircraft; set up; contributes to costs of Berlin occupation; battlefield nuclear weapons in; and Warsaw Pact attack threat; effects of nuclear warfare in; see also Germany
Western Group of Forces see Group of Soviet Forces Germany
Western European Union see Western Union
Western Union (Brussels Treaty): formed; renamed; West Germany admitted to
Western Union Defence Organization
Whence the Threat to Peace? (Soviet publication)
Wilson, Harold
‘withholds’ (exempted targets)n
World War I (1914–18): outbreak and mobilization
World War II: mine warfare; and amphibious warfare
Yakubovsky, Marshal I. I.
Yamato (Japanese battleship)
Yom Kippur War (1973)
Yugoslavia: relations with USSR; turns to West; independence of USSR
Zossen-Wünstorf, East Germany
Zuckerman, Sir Solly